SmartBook Assignment Chapter 16/17: Disorders in Immunity

Which of the following describes a toxin neutralization test?

Antibodies bind to toxins and block their activity which inhibits the growth of the bacteria.

is defined as a chronic allergy, such as hay fever or eczema, with localized and non-life-threatening effects.

Atopy

In a radioimmunoassay, small amounts of an antigen can be detected by incubation with _____ labeled with a radioactive_____

Blank 1: antibody or antibodies Blank 2: isotope or isotopes

secondary immune deficiency is acquired through ,____ organic disease ,_____ or _____.

Blank 1: infection Blank 2: chemotherapy or chemo Blank 3: radiation

Which of the following are potential mild and severe symptoms of anaphylaxis?

Convulsions Sneezing Itching Difficulties breathing Prostration

A birth defect that results in a severe T-cell deficiency due to a missing or underdeveloped thymus gland is called ___syndrome

DiGeorge

A severe reduction or complete absence of cell-mediated immunity, due to a missing or underdeveloped thymus gland is characteristic of

DiGeorge syndrome

Which of the following commonly involve type I allergies?

Drug allergy Anaphylaxis Eczema Hay fever Food allergy Asthma

The ____ test employs an enzyme-antibody complex that can be used to produce a colorimetric indication of antibody-antigen reactions.

ELISA or EIA

Many B-cell immunodeficiencies are X-linked traits and therefore, occur most often in girls.

False

Which of the following is NOT a possible sign or symptom of anaphylaxis?

Fever

Which is the property possessed by certain minerals and dyes to emit visible light when excited by ultraviolet radiation?

Fluorescence

Which uses specialized dyes to visualize antibody-antigen reactions for diagnosis?

Immunofluorescence test

Which of the following is labeled with an enzyme in an ELISA test?

Known antibody

Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with type I allergic reactions?

Lupus erythematosus

Which test is used to diagnose allergies by measuring amounts of IgE in patients?

Radioimmunosorbent Test (RIST)

Which of the following is a field of science that involves diagnostic identification based on the presence of antibodies or antigens in the serum?

Serology

A T-cell deficiency is more devastating than a B-cell deficiency because cells are required to assist in most specific immune reactions.

T helper

A dysfunctional ______ cell line is usually more devastating than a defective ______ cell line.

T; B

What is the quantity of antibodies in serum called?

Titer

Which has improved the specificity of immunological testing systems?

Use of monoclonal antibodies

A significant number of B-cell deficiencies are______ and therefore appear at a higher rate in ______ children.

X-linked; male

The absence of gamma globulin, the fraction of serum that contains immunoglobulins, is called .

agammaglobulinemia

The absence of immunoglobulins (antibodies) in serum is called

agammaglobulinemia

The term ______ refers to an exaggerated immune response that is manifested by inflammatory symptoms.

allergy

Detecting antigen or antibody in a sample with a high degree of both sensitivity and specificity can be achieved by using a(n) Blank

an immunoassay

Rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of infectious agents such as HIV, hepatitis B and C, and SARS-CoV-2 use

antibodies to detect specific antigens

Home tests for detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins are called rapid ____tests.

antigen or diagnostic

The general term for a localized type I allergic reaction is

atopy

The pathological condition arising from the production of antibodies against autoantigens is called a(n) _____.

autoimmune disease

Severe neurological symptoms are caused by autoantibodies that attack the brain in

autoimmune encephalitis

A pathological condition arising from the production of antibodies against self antigens is a(n) disease.

autoimmune or autoimmunity

The production of antibodies against one's own cells and tissues is referred to as

autoimmunity or autoimmune

The new growth and spread of abnormal cells is called

cancer or neoplasm

Cancer involves

cells growing and spreading in an uncontrolled manner

The four ways in which secondary immune deficiency diseases are acquired are:

chemotherapy. radiation. infection. organic disease.

In immunofluorescence testing, a fluorescent____ is attached to a specific antibody to provide a sensitive test for the presence of a specific antigen or antibody.

dye

An extremely sensitive test that permits rapid and accurate measurement of trace amounts of antigen or antibody is a(n)

immunoassay, radioimmunoassay, RIA, or ELISA

Recurrent, overwhelming infections, often with opportunistic microbes, are consequences of a group of immune system dysfunctions called

immunodeficiencies or immunodeficiency

A state in which immune function is incompletely developed, suppressed, or destroyed is a(n)

immunodeficiency or hyposensitivity

In immunodeficiency diseases, immune function is

incompletely developed, suppressed, or destroyed

In immunodeficiency diseases, immune function is Blank______.

incompletely developed, suppressed, or destroyed

The term ___ refers to an exaggerated immune response that is manifested by inflammatory symptoms. Multiple choice question.

qllergy

The use of radioactively labeled antibodies to quantify insulin levels is an example of a(n)

radioimmunoassay or RIA

Predominant consequences of immunodeficiencies include:

recurrent infections. opportunistic infections.

Autoimmunity is the production of antibodies against:

self antigens.

The ability of a test to detect small amounts of antibody or antigen is referred to as

sensitivity

The initial effective exposure to an antigen or an allergen that stimulates an immune response but generally elicits no symptoms is called a(n) Blank______ dose.

sensitizing

The initial exposure to an allergen provides a(n)____ dose that primes the immune system for a subsequent encounter with that allergen.

sensitizing

The branch of immunology that involves in vitro diagnostic testing of blood serum is called .

serology

The property of immunological testing that allows focus on a certain antibody and antigen without cross reaction is called

specificity

A quantity determined by observing the highest dilution of serum that produces a visible reaction with an antigen is called

titer

Specific serum antibodies are able to neutralize the biological effects of microbes by inhibiting their growth in test cells in a(n) _____ ______test.

toxin neutralization