SmartBook Reading Assignment: Chapter 25

The submucosa is labeled letter in this figure.

A

What is a goblet cell? Multiple choice question. An immune cell within a Peyer's patch A cell specialized to produce brush border enzymes A bile-secreting cell of the liver A mucus-secreting epithelial cell

A mucus-secreting epithelial cell

How long is the gallbladder? Multiple choice question. About 1 cm About 10 cm About 100 cm

About 10 cm

Which are functions of saliva? Multiple select question. Aids in swallowing Cleanses mouth and teeth Inhibits the chemical digestion of starch Dissolves molecules so they can be tasted Chemically digests proteins

Aids in swallowing Cleanses mouth and teeth Dissolves molecules so they can be tasted

The enzyme that digests dietary starch is salivary or pancreatic ___________________.

Amylase

What is a protease? Multiple choice question An enzyme that digests protein An enzyme that digests amino acids An enzyme that synthesizes amino acids An enzyme that synthesizes proteins

An enzyme that digests protein

Which of the following is achieved with small intestinal muscle contractions? Multiple select question. An increased contact of chyme with the intestinal lining An increased secretion rate The propelling of contents along the intestines The mixing of chyme with secretions The mechanical digestion of food

An increased contact of chyme with the intestinal lining The propelling of contents along the intestines The mixing of chyme with secretions

Which of the following is achieved with small intestinal muscle contractions? Multiple select question. An increased contact of chyme with the intestinal lining The propelling of contents along the intestines The mechanical digestion of food The mixing of chyme with secretions An increased secretion rate

An increased contact of chyme with the intestinal lining The propelling of contents along the intestines The mixing of chyme with secretions

Which substances are absorbed from the stomach? Multiple choice question. Alcohol, fat Proteins and sugar Aspirin, lipid-soluble drugs

Aspirin, lipid-soluble drugs

Which muscles manipulate food and push it between teeth during mastication? Multiple choice question. Masseter and buccinator Masseter and temporalis Buccinator and orbicularis oris Tongue muscles and temporalis

Buccinator and orbicularis oris

Which segment of the alimentary canal is indicated in the figure? Multiple choice question. Descending colon Cecum Ileum Appendix

Cecum

Which hormone is secreted by the small intestine in response to the presence of fats in the small intestine? Multiple choice question. Cholecystokinin Gastrin Secretin Pepsin

Cholecystokinin

What is the semi-liquid mixture of partially digested food within the stomach known as? Multiple choice question. Gastric juice Chyme Bolus Bile

Chyme

The stimulus for the ___________ reflex is stretching of the rectum.

Defecation

What are the segments of the small intestine in the order through which food passes? Multiple choice question. Jejunum, duodenum, ileum Ileum, jejunum, duodenum Duodenum, jejunum, ileum Duodenum, ileum, jejunum

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Which protect the stomach lining from the acidic contents? Multiple select question. Epithelial cell replacement Tight junctions Protective gastric juices Excessive blood flow Mucous coat

Epithelial cell replacement Tight junctions Mucous coat

Which structure is indicated in the picture? Multiple choice question. Larynx Esophagus Pharynx Stomach

Esophagus

True or false: Most digestion occurs in the stomach, while most absorption occurs in the small intestine.

False

Stomach function is regulated in three phases, which are the ___________ phase, the intestinal phase, and the cephalic phase.

Gastric

The most common colonic contractions that occur about twice an hour are _____________ contractions.

Haustral

Which colonic contractions are the most common, occurring about twice an hour? Multiple choice question. Epiploic contractions Haustral contractions Mass movements Colic contractions

Haustral contractions

What are the three phases of gastric activity? Multiple select question. Intestinal phase Hepatic phase Gastric phase Esophageal phase Cephalic phase Hypothalamic phase

Intestinal phase Gastric phase Cephalic phase

Which describes the gallbladder? Multiple choice question. It is a central hollow space within a lobule of the liver. It is a dilated segment of the pancreatic duct, just before it enters the duodenum. It is a sac on the underside of the liver. It is a blind-ended pouch at initial segment of the large intestine.

It is a sac on the underside of the liver.

Enzymes that digest lipids are called _________________ .

Lipases

What are the gastric rugae? Multiple choice question. Glands extending deep into the stomach lining Muscular bands around the pyloric sphincter Longitudinal folds in the stomach lining Circular folds in the duodenum

Longitudinal folds in the stomach lining

Chewing is also known as which of the following? Multiple choice question. Digestion Micturition Mastication Deglutition

Mastication

hewing is also known as which of the following? Multiple choice question. Micturition Digestion Deglutition Mastication

Mastication

The digestion of starch by amylase results in the production of which of the following? Multiple choice question. Oligosaccharides and glycerol Oligosaccharides and maltose Disaccharides and cellulose Disaccharides and sucrose

Oligosaccharides and maltose

What part (a cavity) of the digestive system functions in ingestion, speech, and respiration? Multiple choice question. Oral cavity Stomach Small intestine Pancreas

Oral cavity

What is the lumpy yellow organ in this figure? Multiple choice question. Kidney Liver Pancreas Spleen

Pancreas

Which is true of chemical digestion in the stomach? Multiple choice question. Partial digestion of both protein and fat can occur in the stomach. There is no digestion occurring in the stomach. Partial digestion of only protein occurs in the stomach.

Partial digestion of both protein and fat can occur in the stomach.

What is the inactive precursor of pepsin? Multiple choice question. Chymotrypsinogen Dipepsin Cholecystokinin Pepsinogen

Pepsinogen

What is the predominant type of muscle contraction occurring in the stomach? Multiple choice question. Segmentation Mastication Peristalsis Deglutition

Peristalsis

Which segment of the alimentary canal is indicated by the letter A in the figure? Multiple choice question. Pharynx Trachea Larynx Esophagus

Pharynx

Which are functions of mesenteries? Multiple select question. Secrete hormones Provide passage for nerves Provide passage for blood vessels Hold abdominal viscera in place

Provide passage for nerves Provide passage for blood vessels Hold abdominal viscera in place

Lysozyme, immunoglobulin A, mucus, electrolytes and water are all found in which of the following? Multiple choice question. Bile Pancreatic juice Saliva Gastric juice

Saliva

Which hormone is secreted by the small intestine in response to the presence of acidic chyme? Multiple choice question. Secretin Acetylcholine Cholecystokinin

Secretin

Which hormone is secreted by the small intestine in response to the presence of acidic chyme? Multiple choice question. Secretin Cholecystokinin Acetylcholine

Secretin

Which liver function contributes to the process of digestion? Multiple choice question. Secretion of cholesterol Secretion of bile Secretion of digestive enzymes Storage of glucose as glycogen

Secretion of bile

Which reflexes that utilize the myenteric nerve plexus to control digestive activity? Multiple choice question. Long Short Intermediate

Short

What is the primary epithelium found in the large intestine? Multiple choice question. Stratified squamous Simple columnar Simple cuboidal Transitional

Simple columnar

Which are functions of the oral cavity? Multiple select question. Excretion of wastes Absorption of nutrients Speech Respiration Ingestion

Speech Respiration Ingestion

Which are stimuli for defecation? Multiple select question. Stretching of the rectum Stretching of the stomach Stretching of the descending colon Stretching of the sigmoid colon

Stretching of the rectum Stretching of the descending colon Stretching of the sigmoid colon

What is deglutition? Multiple choice question. Salivating Digesting Chewing Swallowing

Swallowing

What is ingestion? Multiple choice question. The selective intake of food The uptake of nutrients from gut into blood or lymph The elimination of feces A condition caused by stomach acid irritating esophageal lining

The selective intake of food

What is gastroenterology? Multiple choice question. The study of the digestive tract The study of the stomach The study of the liver The study of the intestines

The study of the digestive tract

What is the significance of the epithelial tight junctions and the mucous coat lining the stomach? Multiple choice question. They allow the partial digestion of proteins. They allow stretching of the stomach wall with large meals. They protect the stomach lining from acid damage.

They protect the stomach lining from acid damage.

Which is true of the long reflexes that aid in regulation of the digestive tract? Multiple choice question. They use the myenteric plexuses. They use the vagus nerves and brainstem. They affect functioning of nearby regions of the alimentary canal.

They use the vagus nerves and brainstem.

What are the typical end products of triglyceride digestion? Multiple choice question. Two free fatty acids + monoglyceride One free fatty acid + diglyceride Three free fatty acids + glycerol

Two free fatty acids + monoglyceride

Which of the following are found in intestinal juice? Multiple select question. Water Bicarbonate Mucus Secretin Chymotrypsin

Water Mucus

Which are found in saliva? Select all that apply. Multiple select question. Pepsin Water Fibrin Mucus Gastrin Lysozyme Lipase Amylase

Water Mucus Lysozyme Lipase Amylase

What are the functions of the large intestine? Multiple choice question. Digestion of all nutrients, but the absorption of only protein, water, and electrolytes Carbohydrate and fat digestion Water and electrolyte absorption

Water and electrolyte absorption

What are the components of intestinal juice? Multiple choice question. Enterokinase and chymotrypsin Water and mucus Cholecystokinin and secretin

Water and mucus

Another name for the oral cavity is the ______ cavity. Multiple choice question. frontal pharyngeal mental buccal

buccal

The region of the stomach where the esophagus enters is the ______ region. Multiple choice question. cardial body fundic pyloric

cardial

The large intestines begin with a pouch inferior to the ileocecal valve that is known as the ________________ .

cecum

The stomach receives sympathetic innervation from the ______. Multiple choice question. celiac trunk hepatic ganglion vagus nerve celiac ganglion

celiac ganglion

The soupy mixture of semidigested food formed in the stomach is known as _____________ .

chyme

The stimulus for the __________ reflex is stretching of the rectum.

defecation

Another name for the act of swallowing is _________________.

deglutition

List, in order, the segments of the small intestine. jejunum duodenum ileum

duodenum jejunum ileum

The pharynx connects the oral cavity to the ______ and the nasal cavity to the ______. Multiple choice question. esophagus, trachea larynx, trachea esophagus, larynx larynx, esophagus

esophagus, larynx

True or false: The only purpose of intestinal motility is to move residue along the digestive tract.

false

True or false: The role of the liver in digestion is to produce digestive enzymes.

false

True or false: The stomach is innervated by parasympathetic, but not sympathetic, fibers.

false

The region of the stomach indicated by the green arrow in the figure is the ________________ region.

fundus

The sac on the underside of the liver that serves to store and concentrate bile is called the ______. Multiple choice question. pancreas duodenum spleen gallbladder

gallbladder

The study of the digestive tract and the diagnosis and treatment of its disorders is called __________________.

gastroenterology

The mucus-secreting cells in the epithelium of the intestine are called ______ cells. Multiple choice question. goblet enterocytes absorptive

goblet

Blood from the superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein then flows into the ______. Multiple choice question. ductus venosus pulmonary circulation hepatic portal system inferior vena cava

hepatic portal system

Blood from the superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein then flows into the ______. Multiple choice question. pulmonary circulation inferior vena cava ductus venosus hepatic portal system

hepatic portal system

The selective intake of food is known as _______________.

ingestion

The primary function of the __________________ intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes, but not other nutrients.

large

The sheets of connective tissue that hold the abdominal viscera in place are called ________________.

mesenteries

The yellowish organ indicated in the figure is the ______________.

pancreas

The predominant type of involuntary muscle contraction occurring in the stomach is ___________________.

peristalsis

When swallowing, a bolus of food moves from the mouth directly into the _____________________ before reaching the esophagus.

pharynx

The esophagus is ______ to the trachea. Multiple choice question. anterior posterior

posterior

A(n) ______ is any enzyme that digests proteins. Multiple choice question. lipase amylase protease

protease

The longitudinal wrinkles in the lining of the stomach are called gastric ______________ .

rugae

The mucosa of the colon is primarily lined with _______________ columnar epithelium.

simple

The layer of the digestive tract wall indicated in the figure is the ______. Multiple choice question. submucosa mucosa muscularis mucosae serosa

submucosa

The small intestine receives nearly all of its blood supply from the ______. Multiple choice question. renal artery superior mesenteric artery gastric artery inferior mesenteric artery

superior mesenteric artery

An enzyme that is secreted in its inactive form is known as a ______. Multiple choice question. vitamin pepsin gut-brain peptide zymogen

zymogen