Soci Exam 2 Practice Questions I Still Don't Know

Which of these is the correct sequence of psychologist Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development? a. concrete operational, preoperational, formal operational, and sensorimotor b. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational c. preoperational, formal operational, concrete operational, and sensorimotor d. preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational, and concrete operational

b. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational

Sociologist Erving Goffman noted that people consciously participate in __________, a face-saving technique in which one role player ignores the flaws in another's performance to avoid embarrassment for everyone involved. a. back stage behavior b. studied nonobservance c. the definition of the situation d. front stage behavior

b. studied nonobservance

Carlos is a freshman at the local college. As a student, he is feeling pressure. He wants to party like the rest of his fraternity brothers, but at the same time, he wants to maintain his 4.0 grade point average. Sociologists would say that Carlos is experiencing _________. a. role reversal b. role conflict c. role strain d. role incompatibility

c. role strain

Sociologist Helen Ebaugh concluded that role exit occurs in four stages, the second of which is __________, in which people may step away from their existing roles. a. a search for alternatives b. the turning point c. doubt d. the creation of a new identity

a. a search for alternatives

A(n) __________ is a number of people who may never have met one another but share a similar characteristic (such as education level, age, race, or gender). a. category b. aggregate c. secondary category d. social group

a. category

Some symbolic interaction theorists believe that there is very little shared reality beyond that which is socially created. They refer to this as the __________, which is the process by which our perception of reality is largely shaped by the subjective meaning that we give to an experience. a. social construction of reality b. recertification analysis of reality c. subjective assessment of reality d. objectification of social reality

a. social construction of reality

A __________ is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations, rights, and duties, and it exists independently of the specific people occupying the position. a. status b. class c. role d. label

a. status

One of the primary agents of gender socialization is __________. a. the family b. social media c. higher education d. the workplace

a. the family

__________ theorists emphasize that the family is the source of our specific social position in society. a. Functionalist b. Conflict c. Symbolic interactionist d. Postmodern

b. Conflict

__________ is the term for the process by which members of a cohesive group arrive at a decision that many individual members privately believe is unwise. a. Group conformity b. Groupthink c. Self-fulfilling prophecy d. Iron law of oligarchy

b. Groupthink

Media stories that focus on the lack of education or work history among the homeless and not on structural factors such as economic recession or the lack of affordable housing fail to account for the __________ of the situation. a. organic solidarity b. macro view c. role expectation d. role conflict

b. macro view

Psychologist Jean Piaget showed children two identical glasses filled with the same amount of water. After the children agreed that both glasses held the same amount of water, Piaget poured the water from one glass into a taller, narrower glass and then asked them about the amounts of water in each glass. Tamara noted that both containers still had the same amount of water, even though they were different shapes and sizes. This would indicate that Tamara is in the __________ stage of cognitive development. a. preoperational b. sensorimotor c. formal operational d. concrete operational

d. concrete operational