Socio-emotional Development in Childhood

Derrick, a third grader, has a best friend. Which child is MOST apt to be his best friend?

Hal, a 9-year-old boy in his class

Which boy is the LEAST likely to engage in gender-segregated play?

Henry, Age 3

Which statement about friends is false?

They rarely disagree or fight, especially in Western cultures.

To promote realistic self-esteem, one must enhance children's self-efficacy and encourage:

accurate self-perceptions

Children with _____ act on their immediate emotions and behave aggressively.

externalizing tendencies

"Imagine how hurt you would feel if your friend treated you that way." This type of child-rearing intervention is called:

induction

When five-year-old Carla is punished by her mom, she pretends she is a princess. This is a(n):

normal response since she is using fantasy play to cope with stress.

Professor Landry is describing rough-and-tumble play. She uses _____ as an example.

playing at wrestling

_____ children are frequently named in the most-liked category and never appear in the disliked group. They also stand out as being really liked by everyone.

popular children

This type of aggression occurs in response to being hurt, threatened, or deprived.

reactive

Aaron and Asif are four years old and playing together. Their play style, which mimics aggression, but without intent to harm, is called _____ play.

rough-and-tumble

Which child is MOST apt to engage in gender-segregated play?

Suma, age 4

Ten-year-old Bella has a best friend named Sophia. Which would be Bella's MOST likely description of why Sophia is her best friend?

"I can tell her anything, and I know she will stand up for me."

About _____ percent of children are subject to chronic harassment by a bully.

10-20 percent

Which statement about shame is false?

It brings a person closer to others

Personality theorist Harry Stack Sullivan believed that children's friendships fulfill the developmental needs of self-validation and intimacy. Which aged child is Sullivan describing?

Reece, age 10

Zola, a new third-grade teacher, wants her male and female students to play together and have best friends of the opposite sex. Zola needs to understand that:

boys and girls may play together but usually stick to their own gender for best friends.

According to the text, bullying:

can never be totally eradicated.

Girls' play often involves:

cooperating and collaborating in small groups.

The capacity to manage one's feelings is called:

emotion regulation

Disruptive and aggressive behavior in children may indicate:

externalizing tendencies

Humans are biologically programmed to retaliate or strike back when thwarted. This is called the _____ hypothesis.

frustration-aggression

A classic victim of bullying:

has internalizing issues and trouble standing up for herself.

Nine-year-old Nanette realizes that she is not a scholar, but she is a star athlete, which is the life domain she really cares about. Nanette MOST likely has:

high self-esteem.

Boys' play is defined by:

high-energy competition and the effort to establish dominance in large groups.

George feels that everyone is out to get him. George has a(n):

hostile attributional bias.

Japanese children may be _____ than U.S. children.

less apt to take credit for prosocial acts

When five-year-old Carlita is in the hospital preparing for a surgery, she pretends she is a princess. This is a(n):

normal response because Carlita is using fantasy play to cope with her fear and stress.

Eleven-year-old Sarah loves to tattle on her older sister. Last week, Sarah told her sister's boyfriend that her sister had kissed another boy. Sarah showed _____ aggression.

relational

What is the goal of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program?

to develop a school-wide norm to not tolerate peer abuse

Collaborative pretend play involves _____, and develops around age _____.

two children fantasizing together; 4

When asked why Jorge likes his friend Victor, he replies, "because we both love playing with swords." These boys are probably _____ children because they describe their friendships in terms of _____ qualities.

younger;external