Sociology 151 Chapters 1-6: Factile Study Guide

what group is most likely to be classified as a counterculture?

a group of militant animal rights activists living in a commune

How is a counterculture different from a subculture?

both are distinct from mainstream culture, but a counterculture actively opposes important aspects of the mainstream

you are tasked with conducting a research project that investigates the relationship between smoking and gender in blockbuster films. what methodology would you use to conduct your research?

content analysis

the global reach and influence of hollwood films and McDonald's restaurants cause some concern among those who see these as examples of the imposition of American beliefs and practices on other cultures, which is known as:

cultural imperialism

the term _____ refers to the entire way of life of a group of people

culture

folkways are:

loosely enforced norms involving common customs, practices, or procedures.

recent research by the pew research center on attitudes about the causes of poverty revealed that:

most Americans believe that poverty is often the result of circumstances beyond one's control

what is an example of a law enforcement policy that makes the poor less visible?

moving the homeless out of high profile locations

the process by which individuals learn and internalize the values, norms, and beliefs of their social group and thereby become functioning members is known as:

socialization

Members of a fraternity believe that they help create social cohesion by bringing together students with shared values. What perspective best describes their views?

structural functionalism

what sociological theory discusses how a stable system of structures contribute to the equilibrium of society as a whole?

structural functionalism

The school of social thought that insists all social structures, including systems of stratification, are built out of everyday interactions is called

symbolic interactionism

what theory focuses on how our behaviors are dependent on the ways we interpret, make sense of, and define ourselves, others, and social situations?

symbolic interactionism

What is the sociological imagination?

the ability to understand the interplay between the self and larger social forces

you have just begun studying unemployment rates in a city with fifty million people, of which fifteen million are unemployed. if you are using your sociological imagination, what is your first consideration?

the economic and political structures of the society

a sociologist observes that kindergartners are not just taught about arts and crafts; they are also taught how to be students, including skills like following rules, remaining in their seats, and other things necessary for the rest of their education. what are these skills called?

the hidden curriculum

julian earns mediocre grades and is often picked last for team games. he makes silly jokes and plays pranks, and notices that people laugh. he starts to think that others are laughing with him, not at him. charles cooley would say this development is part of:

the looking glass self

an example of an aggregate is a:

line of people waiting to buy movie tickets

why might a sociologist not classify people who drive Mazda miatas as a group?

they do not have ongoing social relations

how is culture transmitted and internalized?

We learn values and beliefs slowly and incrementally.

the term "master status" is defined as a:

a status that seems to override all other statuses a person may possess.

Emile Durkheim's study on suicide found that not only did suicide rates increase when the economy slumped, but they also increased when the economy boomed. which of her concepts explains why both positive and negative economic conditions could increase suicide rates?

anomie

what kind of power is exhibited by a police officer who pulls over a suspect after a high-speed pursuit?

coercive

why are social networking sites like face book and twitter so exciting to sociologists who study social networks?

for the first time, social networking sites offer sociologists a data set rich enough to test ideas that have previously only been theorized

Some immigrants have a hard time assimilating to a new culture. what are the children of immigrants experiencing if they assimilate and have a higher standard of living than their parents>

interchangeable mobility

what is the strongest type of conformity that can occur as a result of social influence or peer pressure?

internalization

a researcher is studying pet ownership in the united states. they hypothesize that adults without children are more likely to own pets than those who have children. what are the variables in this study?

parental status and pet ownership

when vivica's child was born, she became a mother, and she found it necessary to stop attending college. therefore, she was no longer a student. in sociological terms, her leaving college would be described as a:

role exit

a famous social scientist tells you that the most important task in her research was entering the social world of the people she was studying. what can you say about this researcher?

she is a qualitative researcher

the standard procedure for acquiring and verifying empirical knowledge, as well as building and testing a body of scientific theory that helps explain and predict different aspects of our world, is known as

the scientific method