sociology Ch. 2 Test

Not all parts of society change at the same pace

What is cultural lag?

can be subdivided into material culture and nonmaterial culture

Define culture.

is the basis of culture. It is critical to human life and essential for cultural development.

Define language?

A moral holiday is when it is norm to break the norm. Like mardi gras or spring break. A folkway is a norms that are not strictly enforced, a taboo is norms so strongly engrained that even the thought meets with revulsions

What are a moral holiday, a folkway, a taboo, and a more?

Conveying messages without words. It is nonmaterial culture.

What are gestures and is that material or nonmaterial culture? Conveying messages without words. It is nonmaterial culture.

Depends on location or place you are at. Material culture consists of the tools and technology required to use them that members of society create and utilize. This includes art, buildings, weapons, jewelry, and all other man-made objects.

What are material culture and some examples?

Nonmaterial culture includes a group's ways of thinking (beliefs, values, and other assumptions about the world) and patterns of behavior (language, gestures, and other forms of social interaction).

What are non-material culture and some examples?

expectations, or rules of behavior, that develop from values

What are norms and what do you get when you follow a norm?

Values that together form a large whole such as success would include education, efficiency, and work

What is a value cluster?

Cultural diffusion is when characteristics of one culture begin to permeate to another culture. Cultural leveling happens as a result of diffusion creating a blander, less distinctive way of life

What is cultural diffusion and cultural leveling?

presents a challenge to ordinary thinking because we tend to use our own culture to judge others.

What is cultural relativism?

a condition of disorientation that requires them to question their cultural assumptions.

What is culture shock?

the practice of viewing one's own culture as preferable and using it as a yardstick for judging other cultures.

What is ethnocentrism?

Real culture is the society norms and values that people actually follow, and ideal culture is the perceptions of what society would look like in a perfect world

What is real culture and ideal culture?

Subculture is a world within the dominant culture that goes with society but is different. Counterculture is a world within the dominate culture whose values and norms put it at odds with dominant culture.

What is the difference in a subculture and a counterculture?