Sociology Exam Uno

Theory

How things are, How they should be

Feudalism

Social system existing in medieval Europe

The functionalist perspective, especially in the work of Herbert Spencer, views society as: A. A machine B. An organism C. A planet D. A computer

An organism

What was probably Harriet Martineau's most important contribution to the development of sociology as a discipline? A. Her theory of alienation B. Her translation of the work of Auguste Comte into English C. Her work on an early theorgy of symbolic interactionism D. Her distinction between manifest and latent functions.

Her translation of the work of Auguste Comte into English

Which of the following is a major critique of conflict theory? A. It has a hard time explaining inequality. B. It overemphasizes the imprtance of face-to-face interaction. C. It focusing on conflict and change, it sometimes ignores the stable and enduring parts of society. D. It overemphasizes continuity.

In focusing on conflict and change, it sometimes ignores the stable and enduring parts of society

Which of the following is NOT a reason that the United States continues to be studied by sociologists from all over the world? A. It has a higher standard of living than anywhere else in the world. B. It has created social problems that have never existed before. C. It is astonishingly multicultured. D. It is a place where old ideas and ways are discarded and innovation takes hold particularly quickly.

It has a higher standing of living then anywhere else in the world

According to Robert Merton, what is the difference between manifest and latent functions? A. Manifest functions usually have something to do with social conflict and change. B. Manifest functions are intended and obvious C. Manifest functions are accidental and often hard to recognize D. Manifest functions are designed to alleviate inequality

Manifest functions are accidental and often hard to recognize

Why does C. Wright Mills think that it's important for everyone, even people who will never take sociology class, to develop a sociological imagination? A. It will help generate more jobs for sociologists. B. It makes sociology classes more interesting. C. Many people remain unaware of the intricate connections between the patterns of their own lives and the larger course of history. D. It will encourage growth in the field of microsociology.

Many people remain unaware of the intricate connections between the patterns of their own lives and the larger course of history

Which school of social theory argues that everything is relative, fragmented, temporary, contingent, and ephemarl? A. Conversation analysis B. Postmodernism C. Ethnomethodology D. Marxism

Postmodernism

The divorce rate has steadily increased over time, and now more than a quarter of all marriages end withn the first four years. What sort of factors would C. Wright Mills suggest investigating to explain this increase? A. Religious issues B. Personal issues C. Social structural issues D. Psychological issues

Social structural issues

What school of social theory believes that society is a stable system of structures, each of which contributes to the equilibrium of the world? A. Symbolic interactionism B. Psychoanalysis C. Structural functionalism D. Conflict theory

Structural functionalism

Conflict theorists believe that arguments over values and beliefs have their roots in: A. Division between urban and rural populations B. Conflict between conservatives and liberals C. Struggles over scarce resources and power D. Longstanding philosophical debates

Struggle over scarce resources and power

Which social theory was developed mostly in the United State? A. Structural functionalism B. Positivism C. Marxism D. Symbolic interactionism

Symbolic interactionism

Max Weber believed that, as the Industrial Revolution progressed, society became increasingly rationalized. How did he define rationalization? A. An increasing number of rules and limit personal freedom B. An increasing emphasis on vestehen, the attempt to understand others' experiences C. The application of psychology to the economy in order to increase productivity D. The application of economic logic to all aspects of social life

The application of economic logic to all aspects of social life

The social sciences are all those disciplines that study: A. The human, or social, world. B. The natural world. C. The physical world. D. Communication.

The human or social world