Sociology Final

Read the following statements. Which of them is NOT true?

"Arab" and "Muslim" mean the same thing.

African Americans account for about ________ of the U.S. populations.

12.8 percent

Which of the following statements correctly describes the link between income and voting?

A large majority of high-income people vote; a slight majority of low-income people do not.

Read the following four statements. Which of the statements is NOT a case of institutional discrimination?

A mother wants her child to stay away from a child of a different race.

Which of the following categories of our population has the highest share of female-headed households?

African Americans

Read the following four statements. All but one of the statements are correct. Which one is NOT correct?

All people in a minority category are disadvantaged.

What is the effect of industrialization on the typical number of children in a family?

Families have fewer children.

Which of the following categories of Hispanics in the United States is largest in terms of population size?

Mexican Americans

___________ refers to a political system in which a single family rules from generation to generation.

Monarchy

While modernization theory focuses on _________, dependency theory focuses on _____________.

Production of wealth; distribution of wealth

The most productive economy in the world is that of:

The United States

Which of the following factors is NOT a reason for the long-term upward trend in divorce rates?

Today's women are more economically dependent on men.

The concept "absolute poverty" refers to:

a lack of resources that is life-threatening.

A family composed of one or two parents and their children is called

a nuclear family.

In today's high-income societies, children are:

an economic liability, costing lots of money to raise.

"Euthanasia" refers to

assisting in the death of a person suffering from a terminal illness.

While prejudice is a matter of __________, discrimination is a matter of __________.

attitudes; action

In the world's poorest nations today, most people die:

before reaching their teens.

Religion is a social institution that is best defined as involving:

beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred.

Race refers to ___________ considered important by a society, and ethnicity refers to ______________.

biological traits; cultural traits

Japanese immigrants differed from earlier Chinese immigrants by

coming to the United States in large numbers.

Upon infection, people with HIV

display no symptoms at all.

The concept "tracking" refers to

dividing children in a single grade into groups learning different curricula.

In the United States, on average, minority women:

earn less than white women.

The family is a social institution that is found in:

every human society.

The concept "global economy" refers to

expanding economic activity that moves across national borders.

In general, industrialization tends to change the dominant family form from

extended families to nuclear families.

Based on scapegoat theory, you would conclude that prejudice is caused by

frustration among people who are themselves disadvantaged.

In poor countries, the disadvantages women face relative to men are

greater than in rich nations.

In poor countries, the disadvantages women face relative to men are:

greater than in rich nations.

Looking back over U.S. history, we see a general trend by which women:

have gained opportunity and power

Which of the following is NOT a trait that defines a "profession?"

having authority over clients

Most violence against women occurs:

in the home.

Over the course of the last century, the extent of global inequality has:

increased.

Following modernization theory, what might rich nations do to assist poor nations that seek economic development?

introduce advanced technology to poor nations

Throughout history, schooling was mostly for elites, a fact evident in the fact that the Greek root of the work "school" means

leisure

According to the structural-functional approach, the family

might be called the backbone of society.

Assimilation refers to the pattern by which:

minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant category.

In U.S. schools, courses in sociology typically enroll

more women than men

"Neocolonialism" refers to the process by which:

multinational corporations dominate the economy of a poor country.

Around the world, one category of nations that, at this point in time, has a low share of democratic governments is

nations with majority-Islamic populations.

In the United States, the most widespread health problem related to eating is which of the following?

obesity

Holistic medicine asserts that

patients should rely on themselves - not just physicians - to enhance their health.

Which of the following concepts refers to social organization in which males dominate females?

patriarchy

According to dependency theory, poor countries have become dependent on rich nations because

poor countries sell raw materials for low prices to rich nations.

Which of the following concepts refers to an economy based on service work and computer technology?

postindustrial economy

Feminists claim that rape is mostly about

power.

Which of the following concepts refers to a rigid and irrational generalization about an entire category of people?

prejudice

Which of the following is a latent function of schooling?

providing child-care

Charter schools are:

public schools that have the freedom to try new programs and policies.

Most sociologists agree that:

religion will remain an important part of U.S. society.

Turning metals into automobiles is work that falls within the economy's

secondary sector.

The concept "colonialism" refers to the process by which:

some nations enrich themselves through political and economic control of other nations.

Social epidemiology is the study of:

the distribution of health and illness in a population.

Intersection theory focuses on

the interplay of race, class, and gender often leading to multiple disadvantages.

Structural-functional analysis points out that industrialization encourages

the lessening of gender differences and a trend towards gender equality.

Over the last century, which has been a cause of the rising share of women in the U.S. paid labor force?

the rising divorce rate

Terrorism refers to:

the use or threat of violence as a political strategy.

The "beauty myth" refers to the idea that:

women learn to measure their personal importance in terms of physical appearance.

The postindustrial economy is defined by

working with symbols rather than just material things.