Sociology
Examples of entities within Structural Functionalism include _____
School, church, home and government
A logical system that bases knowledge on empirical evidence
Science
Step 4:
Select Research Design
The resolution to anomie is to create more _____ _____.
Social Groups
The degree to which people are tied to their social group
Social Integration
Relatively stable patterns of social behavior
Social Structure
Interested in how school, church, gov, etc. may help to maintain the privileges of some groups and keep others in subservient positios
Social-Conflict Theory
Sees society as an area of inequality, generating conflict and change
Social-conflict theory
An awareness of the relationship between the individual and the wider society.
Sociological Imagination
Manifest and latent functions, and dysfunction
Structural-Functionalism
________ says society is a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability.
Structural-Functionalism
A study which provides info on how people think and act
Survey Research
Micro-level orientation
Symbolic-Interactionist
Sees society as the product of the everyday interaction of individuals
Symbolic-Interactionist
Marx created the concept of praxis, which means ____ and ____
Theory, action
Weber urged students to use Verstehen (_____) in their intellectual work
Understanding
_______ worked under Max Weber and was the 1st person of color to receive a doctorate from Harvard. He was the founding member of the _____. The U.S. State Department refused to give him a VISA.
W.E.B. DuBois, NAACP
____ disagreed with Marx that economics was the central force of change. He reasoned instead with _____
Weber, religion
Weber was interested in studying _____
What motivates our actions
The breaking down of the controlling influences of society.
Anomie
a state where the expectations of behavior are unclear and the system has broken down
Anomie
_________ coined the term Sociology in 1838 and favored positivism.
August Comte
Social-Conflict Theory looks to who_____ and who _____
Benefits, suffers
_____________ Coined the term "sociological imagination"
C. Wright Mills
Marx led us to believe that ______ always come out on top.
Capitalists
The independent variable causes a change in the dependent variable
Causation
Weber came up with the concept of ____ _____
ideal type
Aspects of sociological imagination include your view as an _____ and beyond personal to _____.
outsider, public
Sociology deals with the influence of social _____ with individual _____ and ______.
relationships, attitudes and behaviors
Emile Durkheim placed emphasis on thorough ____ and determined ____ factors underlie suicide, not just personal ones.
research, social
Positivism is a way of understanding based on _____
science
Weber described ____ as uncovering inconvenient facts
skepticism
Sociology is defined as the study of _____ and _____ groups.
social behavior, human groups
August Comte discovered ____ principles and applied them to social ____
social, reform
Step 1:
Choose and explore a general topic
Marx believed that society is divided into ____ who clash in pursuit of their own class interests.
Classes
Step 5:
Collect, analyze and interpret data
A made up model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated
Construct (Weber)
A change in one variable coincides with a change in the other
Correlation
Placed emphasis on showing how social forces impact people's behavior
Emile Durkheim
_____ discovered/created the idea of anomie
Emile Durkheim
Step 3:
Formulate a Hypothesis
Which sociologist argued that face-to-face, micro-level interactions are the building blocks that make a society?
Georg Simmel
Which sociologist used breaching experiments to study micro-level social structures?
Harold Garfinkel
Wrote "Society in America" and translated August Comte's ideas into English and reduced 7 volumes to 2.
Harriet Martineau
Did not believe that sociology should guide social reform. Believed in social Darwinism which means over time, society improves, and he coined the term "survival of the fittest"
Herbert Spencer
_____ did not conduct scientific studies.
Herbert Spencer
Step 2:
Identify a specific research question
The 2 origins of sociology are _____ revolution and ______ change
Industrial, political
Believed that people should take active steps to change society
Karl Marx
_____ determined that ____ ____ is the engine of human history.
Karl Marx, class conflict
largely unrecognized or unintended consequence
Latent function
The recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern
Manifest Function
The process of determining the value of a variable in a specific case
Measurement
Marx also believed that group identifications and associations influence an individuals _______
Place in society
Emile Durkheim said social research must be _____, and it is important to discover causes for social ills and recommend _____.
Practical, remedies
Step 6:
Report the results
a selection from the larger population that is statistically typical
Representative Sample