Solution chemistry and acids and bases review
What is the molarity of a solution that contains 2.17 moles of SrCl2 in 2,660 mL of solution?
0.816 M
Calculate the [OH-] in a solution with [H+] = 7.9 x 10^-5 M.
1.3x10^-10M
How many liters of a 0.26 M solution of Na2(MnO4) would contain 75 g of K2(MnO4)?
1.5L
How many grams of BeF2 are present in 655 mL of a 0.442 M solution of BeF2?
13.6g BeF2
In a neutral solution the pOH is always equal to ___.
7
Solvent
A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
Concentration
A measurement of how much solute exists within a certain volume of solvent
hydroxide ion
A negatively charged ion made of oxygen and hydrogen.
unsaturated solution
A solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution does and that is able to dissolve additional solute
Solute
A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Supersaturated
At 80°C, 70 g of ammonium chloride is dissolved in 100 g of water. Is this solution saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated?
6.310x10^-14M
Calculate the [H+] in a solution with pH = 13.20
hydrocyanic acid
HCN
Solid
Is sodium nitrate a solid or a gas?
Arrhenius acid
Produces H+ ions when dissolved in water
Arrhenius base
Produces OH- ions when dissolved in water
Strontium Hydroxide
Sr(OH)2
indicator
Substances, such as litmus paper, that turn color based on the pH of the solution are called
Solubility
The ability to dissolve in another substance
corrosion
The type of single replacement reaction where an acid reacts with a metal.
Base
Turns litmus paper blue
Acid
Turns litmus paper red/pink
increases
What happens to the solubility of solids as temperature increases?
103 g/ 100 g of water
What is the solubility of sodium nitrate at 40°C?
135 g/ 100g H2O
What is the solubility sodium nitrate at 70°C?
Stirring increases the collisions between the solute and solvent.
Why does stirring increases the rate at which a solid solute dissolves?
Bronsted-Lowry base
a molecule or ion that is a proton acceptor
Bronsted-Lowry acid
a molecule or ion that is a proton donor
concentrated solution
a solution containing a large amount of solute
saturated solution
a solution that cannot dissolve any more solute under the given conditions
dilute solution
a solution that contains a small amount of solute
strong acid
an acid that ionizes completely in aqueous solution
weak acid
an acid that is only slightly ionized in aqueous solution
H2CrO4
chromic acid
supersaturated solution
contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature
Miscible
describes liquids that dissolve in one another in all proportions
Immiscible
describes two or more liquids that do not mix with each other
hydronium ion
hydrogen ion combines with a water molecule to form a hydronium ion, H3O(+)
pH
hydrogen ion concentration
For a gas solute, as pressure is increased, solubility will _____.
increase
Molarity
the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
the products of acid an base neutralization
water and salt