SPCH 1315 Final Exam

When a speaker asks a rhetorical question, he or she is expecting the audience to __________.

think about the question but not respond to it

According to Ogden and Richards's triangle of meaning, what is necessary to connect a word and its definition?

thought

What is the minimum number of people needed to have small group communication?

three

Huong was new to the audience, and spent the beginning of her speech introducing herself and identifying her credentials. Which element of the speaking situation is Huong taking into account here?

time

Tortian's speech commemorated the soldiers from his community who had died. What is the general purpose of Tortian's speech?

to accentuate a special occasion

Which of the following BEST reflects the purposes of special occasion speaking?

to celebrate, commemorate, inspire, and entertain

What is your primary goal as a persuasive speaker?

to change, influence, or reinforce attitudes, beliefs, values or behaviors

Speaking extemporaneously allows the speaker to do all of the following except

to deliver a speech successfully when exact wording is necessary

What is the major role of facial expressions during public speaking?

to display inner thoughts or feelings

A ritual, in which the tone may be solemn or humorous, that expresses honor or goodwill to a person, group, institution, or event, is a type of special occasion speech known as a _____.

toast

Renata is preparing a persuasive speech. She asks herself, "How can I get listeners to volunteer at the food pantry? Should I show photos of hungry children, or use charts showing local poverty levels?" What speech element is Renata considering as she chooses a presentation aid?

topic

Jillian's report outlined the fact that insurance expenditures for the company had been divided between health, auto, and liability coverage. Which type of preparation outline would Jillian use to create this report?

topical

Marlo's speech is on candy. She plans to talk about choclate candy, fruit-flavored candy, and sugar-free candy. Since there are logical categories within her topic, Marlo can use the __________ organizational strategy.

topical

At a Martin Luther King Jr. Day event, Jesse gave a speech reflecting on Dr. King's life and achievements. This is an example of a(n) _____.

tribute

The text suggests that by evaluating your central idea, a speaker can come up with ____ main categories of ideas for the working outline.

two to five

Mallory reads a text message from her friend and quickly decodes the message, written mostly in abbreviations. What stage of listening does the decoding process BEST demonstrate?

understanding

For informative speakers, audience analysis will include _________.

understanding what an audience knows about the topic

Lori is not only making sure the colors on her slide work well together, but she is also making sure the colors are in harmony with the tone of her speech. Which design principle does this reflect?

unity

Dale is nervous and can feel his hands shaking during his speech. In Dale's evaluation, the instructor praises his organization, but suggests that he hold the lectern and speak more slowly. In order to improve his next speech, Dale should.

use his evaluation

It was obvious that Jemma had not rehearsed her speech enough because she kept saying "uh" and "um" as she tried to find where she was at on her notecards. Besides additional rehearsal, what does Jemma need to help her avoid vocal fillers?

use pauses

There are two indicators that supporting material is accurate. First, the information must be verifiable from the original source and supported by multiple sources. Second, the support materials must be _____.

used within their original context

Kyle reported to his department on the new product line. Even though the meeting was somewhat informal, he still stood up and made eye contact around the room before he started speaking. "I am sure y'all are more than ready to learn how well the new product is doing." As he spoke, he pointed to his presentation aid and demonstrated how the product was doing. At the end of the meeting, he handed out a paper copy of his findings to all those in attendance. What should Kyle have avoided doing during his presentation?

using a contraction like y'all

Researching the opposing viewpoint is particularly important when a persuasive speech concerns a proposition of _____.

value

Keri decided to quit her demanding job as a district attorney and move to a small town where she could focus on her young family. Keri's decision is based on her _____.

values

Carmen made sure to fluctuate the volume, pitch, and rate of her speech to give more life to her presentation. This demonstrates the idea of _________.

vocal variety

Alan works at a warehouse. He will be speaking at a lunchtime employee meeting in support of a local candidate for mayor. Who is the target audience for this speech?

voters who work at the warehouse

A spatial organizational strategy is used when the speaker wants to ____________.

walk the audience through a setting

Choosing traditional media as a presentation aid may be more appropriate than advanced technology in all the following circumstance except____________.

when the audience is large

Ryan is giving an informative speech about Anne Morrow Lindbergh and her role in aviation. After Ryan creates a thesis statement, he begins to write a brief sketch of the body of his speech, called a _____.

working outline

What helps speakers organize early ideas as they begin researching and preparing a speech?

working outline

A listener can provide more detailed feedback in a(n) __________ evaluation

written

Alex has prepared a brief introduction of himself that he can use during an interview. He will be able to use this information if an interviewer asks him, _____.

"Why don't you tell me about yourself?"

Janice's outline shows "I. The Romans" on the first line and "A. 1250-1382" on the nect line. How should she write her subpoint of "A" that will come next?

1. Marcus

What is the appropriate amount of time for an interview?

45-60 minutes

The text recommends that ________ of your speech time should be allocated to the body of the speech

80%

Roger is outlining his speech for speech class. He uses the symbol "I" for his first main point. How should Roger designate the first sub point that follows this main point

A

Which strategy would appeal to an audience made mostly of visual learners?

A video showing the overcrowding at a local animal shelter

Which of these questions is acceptable for an interviewer to ask?

Are you proficient in PowerPoint?

Which of these speakers is using a language signal to indicate he or she is at the conclusion of the speech?

Clara said, "To summarize, the least we can do is ask for a donation of money and the most we can do is ask for a donation of time"

A preparation outline will be _________ and written in ________.

Formal; full sentences

Charlotte's evaluation noted that her speech used little vocal variation and few gestures. What should Charlotte conclude?

Her presentation skills needs work

During the job interview, Colin asked Madeline how old her children were. What is wrong with Colin's question?

It is illegal to ask this type of personal question

which of these speakers is establishing common ground?

Jepson knows that his audience is interested in living in the San Diego area and, since he lived in San Diego for 15 years, he can share his experience with them.

Which of these speakers is using an illustrator during their speech?

Kari held up her hand with four fingers pointing up and said, "There are four ways to upgrade your current financial situation"

Several coworkers are preparing for a web conference to be presented to colleagues in Asia. Which of the following suggestions will add to its success?

Keep the background neutral and uncluttered

Keegan wants to motivate his audience to take immediate action. Which organizational strategy is the recommended choice?

Monroe's motivated sequence

when a speech is designed to get the audience to take action, the best organizational strategy to use is ____________.

Monroe's motivated sequence

____________ are two-dimensional representations of places, concepts, people, animals, or objects

Photographs

Which of the following is true for speech evaluations conducted by classroom peers?

Practice active listening during the speech

Which of the following students is doing the most effective job conducting speech research?

Randy has done some internet research and is now interviewing a local doctor about asthma

Which of these questions or statements is the BEST to use at the beginning of an interview?

Tell me a little but about yourself

According to the text, what is a benefit to individuals who evaluate other public speakers?

The become better communicators themselves

After reviewing her speech outline, the professor told Keisha that her main points need better coordination. What is the professor referring to?

The main points must be balanced or equal to each other in wright and level of ideas

As she was listening to the speaker, Raisa whispered to her friend, "He is just so monotone!" what is Raisa really saying?

The speaker uses a constant pitch

What type of outline is most informal and subject to change?

Working

The final element in a persuasive speech is _____.

a WOW statement

The last element of an informative speech should be __________.

a WOW statement

Devin didn't want to use the phrase "needless to say" in his speech because he considers it overused and it doesn't mean anything to a listener. Devin would say that "needless to say" is _____.

a cliche

The central idea for a speech should be written as _____.

a concise sentence

Pam will be speaking to a group of potential investors and trying to convince them to support her strategy. Which of the following describes the delivery style Pam will find MOST effective?

a powerful and direct delivery using body language that reflects confidence and trust

Every presentation aid used in a speech needs ________.

a purpose

Which of these speeches typically has the general purpose to inspire?

a sermon during a church service

This type of special occasion speech will be brief and personally reflective

a wedding toast

MaryEllen wrote the following specific purpose: To inform my history class about the benefits of research. What is the objective of her specific purpose?

about the benefits of research

The three main benchmarks of effective informative speaking are inclusiveness, unity, and __________.

accuracy

At the end of his presentation, Jeremy told his audience the the best way for them to combat the problem was to sign their name on the petition as they left the room. Which step in Monroe's motivated sequence does this represent?

action

James wants his audience to sign a donation pledge card before leaving that day. James' persuasive speech is meant to _____.

actuate

Which fallacy of a persuasive argument attacks the person instead of challenging the argument being made? For example, "That board member would be a bad president. He supports year-round schools."

ad hominem

Judson didn't like the fact that the speaker said, "Everyone will be buying these, so you should get yours today." Judson didn't believe everyone would be buying them, and the speaker was misleading the crowd. Judson believes the speaker's argument is a(n) _____ fallacy.

ad populum

once the speaker signals that he or she is starting the conclusion, the speaker must not ________.

add new information

Duncan is speaking at a luncheon meeting. Although he begins with a lighthearted anecdote, his message about volunteerism is serious. Duncan speaks for 15 minutes, and his speech leaves his listeners feeling entertained and energized. This speech is an example of a(n) _____.

after-dinner speech

Stephanie is organizing a document that details the goals of the upcoming meeting and what will be covered. She is creating a(n) _______.

agenda

Morah said, "The cutting board has been scrubbed, seasoned, and stored." What type of scheme is Morah using?

alliteration

Jill is working on her first speech class. According to her professor, the introduction should begin with _________, and should take up no more than ________ of her speech.

an attention-getter; 15 %

If something is true for A, and A and B are very similar, it is also true for B. This argument represents ______.

analogy

Marion, an art historian, is invited to speak at the opening of a new museum exhibit. She tries to find out where she will speak, who will introduce her, and how long she should talk. Marion is _____.

analyzing the speaking situation

Xi-xang began his presentation by saying, "Warm and soft was the chair I sat on when I spoke to my mother." What type of scheme do Xi-xang's words represent?

anastrophe

"That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind," is an example of which speech device?

antithesis

During Marietta's presentation, she told the audience, "When you choose not to donate to the local animal shelter, hundreds of precious puppies and kittens are at risk of starvation." She could see that this made the audience squirm in their seats. Which modern appeal to persuade is Marietta using?

appeal to harmony

Which modern appeal used to persuade has a basis in the hierarchy developed by Maslow?

appeal to need

Kendra said, "My grandmother used lard for baking, my mother also used lard, so lard must be the best for baking." What faulty logic does this demonstrate?

appeal to tradition

Elements of the physical delivery of a speech include __________.

appearance

Which type of listening takes place when we hear the fire crackling while making s'mores in the summer?

appreciative

When we refer to the meaning of words as _____, we mean that the relationship between a word and what it stands for is coincidental or random.

arbitrary

Aimee has generated a lengthy list of potential ideas for her upcoming informative speech. What should Aimee do next to help select her topic?

ask a series of focus questions to identify the best topic for her audience

The purpose of a review is to ________.

assess an employee's work performance

In a properly formatted outline, each subpoint should have ___________ subdivisions

at least two

If the audience is apathetic or unfamiliar with your topic, when does the text suggest that you should incorporate your strongest argument?

at the end of the speech body

If you wanted to search a database to find information for an upcoming presentation, the best place to conduct your search is _____.

at the library or through the library portal

Devin is just a few days old. When he hears someone talking outside his room, he seems attentive. What stage of the listening process does this demonstrate?

attending

The persuasive preparation outline should include the four components of the introduction: _____.

attention-getter, credibility material, relevance to audience, and speech preview

While Nina thinks sending tweets about her new shoes is very important, her mother finds the process a ridiculous waste of time. Nina and her mother have different ____ about sending a tweet.

attitudes

_________ are psychological responses, usually either positive or negative toward something

attitudes

As Wesley is speaking, he notices that his audience looks bored. Wesley speeds up his speaking rate and moves out from behind the lectern and closer to the audience. Wesley makes a change in his speech based on _________.

audience evaluation

Devon knows that the speaker has lived in New York City all of his life and attended NYU for his graduate degree. Devon has knowledge of the speaker's __________.

background

Corinna has a photograph and three bullet points to incorporate into one slide. She decides to put the photograph on the left and list the bullet points to the right with a small amount of blank space between the two elements. Which design principle helped Corinna make this choice?

balance

You can test the subordination of a point which appears below another by inserting the ______________ after the first point

because

Hannah wants approval for her cupcake cart business from the city council and is scheduled to speak at the next meeting. She decides to focus her speech on its positive tourism impact. What aspect of successful public speaking is Hannah employing?

being audience-centered

During Rory's "how to" speech on digital photography, she took photos of the audience while demonstrating her points. Rory then projected the audience photos during her conclusion. What aspect of successful public speaking did Rory employ?

being creative

Thinking that watching violence on television leads to more violence on the streets is an example of a(n) _____.

belief

As a college recruitment counselor, Shelly tries to persuade the high school audience that her university is a good choice for biology majors. Shelly's speech is based on _____.

beliefs

Justin wrote on the evaluation form that it was difficult for him to follow the main points on the speech. Which part of the speech is Justin evaluating?

body

The organizational strategy you select will help you organize the _________ of your speech

body

Rashid is researching the presidential campaign of John F. Kennedy for an upcoming speech. Rashid is looking for detailed information in a historical context. Which of the following library resources should Rashid explore for in-depth information?

books

The process of free association is linked with _____.

brainstorming

Ryan is upset about the leveling of a city park to make way for a new high-rise building. By tweeting his outrage in descriptive terms, he quickly forms a group working to preserve the park. Ryan's use of language is an example of the power of language to _____.

bring people together

A speaker's own personal knowledge is BEST used to _____.

build credibility

In addition to grabbing the audience's attention, a good speech introduction should ___________.

build credibility

One of Joe's employees has missed many days at work. After talking with him, Joe learns there's a serious illness in the family. Joe reassures him his job is safe and temporarily reallocates the work. This example illustrates how listening _____.

builds better relationships

Kalina is writing a persuasive speech about outlawing pesticide use within city limits. Her introduction must _____.

capture the audience's attention

Harper's speech starts with examples of workplace violence and then backtracks to why the violence occurred. What organizational strategy is Harper employing?

causal

Which organizational strategy is NOT typically used in special occasion speaking?

causal

"Skipping childhood immunizations leads to a higher rate of preventable death in young adults," is an example of argument by _____.

cause

As the father of the bride, Frank gave a toast at the wedding reception. This is a speech to _____.

celebrate

At the choral group's year-end banquet, one member sang a brief "year in review" piece highlighting the group's past season. This is an example of a speech to ______.

celebrate

Margo has been asked to speak at the end-of-year sports awards banquet. The general purpose of her speech will be to _____.

celebrate

"The United States should fund HIV/AIDS drug therapy for developing nations." This is an example of a _____.

central idea

A well-defined and narrowed topic should result in a focused and well-written _____ or thesis statement.

central idea

Natasha's professor told her she should write her thesis statement at the top of the page. What element of the speech should Natasha write down?

central idea

A person's social traits come from two sources, from birth and from _____.

choice

Anika is working on a speech about the 2016 presidential campaign process. Which organizational strategy might work BEST here?

chronological

Julio is developing a speech about a colleague's long career for a retirement luncheon. Which organizational strategy is the BEST fit?

chronological

Dean wants to learn the specific costs of replacing his current phone. What type of question should he ask to learn this information?

closed-ended

During the town hall meeting, members of the village board discussed the proposed property tax increase. Two board members clearly supported the proposal and several others were against it. The village manager was responsible for moderating the meeting and community residents were allowed to ask questions. Which type of group presentation does this demonstrate?

colloquium

A speech marking the anniversary of the bombing of Pearl Harbor has the general purpose to _____.

commemorate

Celine gave a moving speech that honored the lives of each of the six marines who had died in battle. The general purpose of her speech is to _____.

commemorate

Which type of special occasion speech has a general purpose to inspire?

commencement address

According to the 5-C principles of small group membership, _____ refers to your willingness to give the group your complete attention.

commitment

Jaleen described to the audience how painting a room is like washing a car. What organizational strategy is this speaker using?

comparative

To help her audience understand the new line of wrinkle creams, Janice showed them a chart that displayed the company's previous wrinkle creams alongside the new product line. This helped the audience see the contrasts in the two lines. Which organizational strategy is Janice using in her presentation?

comparative

Guadeloupe received positive comments about her speech's summary statement and audience response statement. Which aspect of Guadeloupe's speech is this discussing?

conclusion

Dan is writing a speech about changing the oil in a car. In his outline, he jots down "in addition" to remind himself to add a link. What kind of transition is Dan adding?

connective

During her presentation, Jessica told the audience that while the current president of the association had put two new regulations in place, the previous president had implemented eight new regulations. Jessica is using her support material to demonstrate a(n) _____.

contrast

Lisa, a registered nurse, is speaking to an expectant parents group. She discusses the advantages of playing classical music during their baby's birth and infancy. Lisa's speech is designed to _____.

convince

Comparative advantage is a practice used in speech making and by sales people that _________.

convinces listeners that one thing is better than another

Brainstorming and exploring your general purpose are two ways to _____.

create an idea bank

Valerie is identifying the main points of her speech and deciding if she should organize them chronologically or spatially. Which part of the creative process is Valerie is involved in?

creating

Tim is having trouble choosing a topic for his informative speech. One a piece of paper, Tim writes three columns: Describe, Instruct, and Explain. He begins jotting down words under each column. What is Tim doing?

creating and idea bank

Jarret wants to learn as much as he can about the school board candidates. At the meeting, he listens carefully, asks questions, and refrains from judging any of the candidates until he knows all of the details. Jarret is demonstrating the skills of a(n) ______ listener.

critical

Which of the following would NOT be considered a demographic trait?

culture

Charlene is conducting online research for a speech on the storage of nuclear waste. She checks for a copyright date and the most recent update to the website. What is Charlene evaluating?

currency

Jensen was disappointed to learn that the article she found at the library was dated November 1971. She realized she would have to continue her search for support material that is more recent. Which aspect of her support material is Jensen disappointed with?

currency

When discussing a controversial subject, ethical public speakers will _________.

debate about ideas, not people

Regardless of the organizational strategy a speaker selects, effective main points should be written as __________.

declarative sentences

_____ are brief explanations designed to inform the audience about something unfamiliar.

definitions

Marietta wrote her outline on notecards to use when she gave her final speech. Which outline format should she put on her notecards?

delivery

Sari is in the process of adding speaking cues and delivery hints to her outline. She will give her speech to the class tomorrow. Which type of outline is Sari using?

delivery

The best outline to use when practicing a speech is the _________ outline.

delivery

Kelly is making a preparation outline for her upcoming presentation. Which of the following can she leave off of this preparation outline?

delivery tips

Everyone likes Ryan as the leader because he involves the entire group in the decision-making process and offers insight to the group. Which type of leadership style does this represent?

democratic

Horatio, a city planner, is speaking to a homeowners group about improvements to their neighborhood park. During his introduction, he mentions seeking their suggestions on amenities. This statement is an example of ____________.

demonstrating audience relevance

Georgette wants to establish ethos while speaking. She can accomplish this by all of the following except ____________.

demonstrating creativity

The text lists four ways to narrow your speech topic. Which one of the following is NOT a suggestion for narrowing the speech topic?

determine the general purpose

Gordon is working on a speech he will give at his father's 90th birthday celebration. Gordon decides to focus on three important moments in his father's life, and comes up with the theme of "honor." Which aspect of speech development does this represent?

determining the central idea

With special occasion speeches, the speaker must begin by _____.

determining the purpose

Derived ethos is the credibility the audience gives to a speaker _____.

during the speech

Patricia seemed to evolve into the role of leader in her investment group after they had been meeting for a couple of months. She is an example of a(n) ________ leader.

emergent

The marriage counselor listens to Victor and Angela as they each describe their relationship. What type of listening is the counselor demonstrating?

empathic

In the communication process, _________ is the process of conveying a message and ___________ is the process of interpreting it.

encoding; decoding

The distinctiveness and clarity with which linked whole words are said is called___________.

enunciation

The lights suddenly went out during Cleo's presentation to the teacher's union. It took more than ten minutes for them to come back on and, by that time, most of the audience had left. Which type of barrier did Cleo encounter?

environmental

Zach is sitting next to someone who keeps texting during class, and he finds it hard to concentrate on the lecture. What kind of listening barrier is Zach experiencing?

environmental

Parker knows it is important not to hide or omit any relevant information when making a presentation. Parker is demonstrating that he understands the importance of _____.

ethics

Caroline wants the audience to see her as friendly and personable. Aristotle would say that Caroline is using an appeal to _____.

ethos

Micah took care to use a variety of sources in his speech to prove his point. He cited the most recent statistics and backed these up with quotes from experts in the field. What type of appeal is Micah using?

ethos

Nalia wants the audience to see her as a credible speaker on the topic of poverty in the community. She plans to demonstrate her knowledge early in the speech and make it evident that she is sincere in her commitment to ease the situation. Aristotle would say that Nalia is establishing _____.

ethos

Corbin's instructor asks him to comment on the speaker's language use, gestures, vocal variety, and sincerity. What is Corbin being asked to do?

evaluate the speaker's presentation

When thinking about reflexivity and public speaking, it is suggested that _________.

evaluation should take place even after a speech ends

Based on the work of Stephen Toulmin, which part of an argument provides support for the argument?

evidence

Support materials are a necessary component of public speaking because they provide ______ that validate(s) the speech topic.

evidence

Troy is giving a speech about issues regarding legalizing medical marijuana. This is a speech to ___________.

explain

During the "talk" portion of the "Touch, Turn, Talk Method" the speaker would ___________.

explain the presentation aid

Hubert will be speaking to the Heritage Society about his grandfather, one of the area's original settlers. In preparation, he practiced his speech several times and wrote its key points on note cards. what type of speech delivery will Hubert use?

extemporaneous

The most common delivery method for special occasion speaking is _____.

extemporaneous

If the elements of an argument by deduction are not factual, the result is a(n) _____.

faulty syllogism

Which type of analogy compares and contrasts two essentially different things?

figurative

_____ are sounds, words, or phrases that serve no purpose and do not help your audience understand the message.

fillers

If a speaker is using Monroe's motivated sequence as an organizational strategy, when should he or she demonstrate the need stage to the audience?

first main point

If the speaker wishes to involve the audience and appear spontaneous, _________ are excellent presentation aids

flip charts

Dennis wants to diagram the step-by-step process of how milk goes from the cow to the store shelf. Which type of presentation aid would show this step-by-step process best?

flowchart

After receiving hundreds of customer complaints about the new line of healthy snacks, the company formed a group to address these issues and search for the best way to solve them. This is an example of a(n) _____ group.

focus

Determining the roles of group members occurs in the _____ phase of small group development.

forming

Early in the speech process, when you are just beginning to write an outline, it is best for you to write the outline in ______________.

full sentences

As she prepares her outline, Talia writes "to persuade" at the top of her paper. What part of the speech does this represent?

general purpose

Google, Bing, and Yahoo! are all examples of _____.

general search engines

Noah is working on a speech regarding zoning issues within his city. What type of resource should Noah look at in order to find policy information, statistics, and facts?

government resources

Evan works hard during team meetings to make sure that he mediates what is being said by members to help relieve any tension that forms within the group. Which of the following describes Evan's role?

harmonizer

What is the purpose of creating a working outline for a speech?

helps the speaker focus and transition into the research phase

If a survey has a low margin of error, this means that it has _____.

high reliability

The greater the number of vibrations per second of your vocal cords, the ________.

higher your pitch

Ellen said her dog was so ugly that it hurt your eyes to look at him. What device is Ellen using to boost distinctiveness in her speech?

hyperbole

As an interviewee, you should do all of the following EXCEPT ___________.

ignore nonverbal cues

Ellie is at a school board meeting in which the future of music education is discussed. When the floor opens for public remarks, Ellie quickly decides to comment on this issue. What type of delivery will she use?

impromptu

When you write and give a speech, you must cite sources of information _____.

in both written and oral form

Donna must attend a week of training classes before starting a new job. She listens carefully and takes notes to make sure she retains information. This is an example of how listening _____.

increases knowledge

Don, a 30-year employee, is asked to give the after-dinner speech at his company's anniversary gala. Don is asked to talk about how the company has changed over the past three decades. The purpose of Don's speech is to _____.

inform

During freshman orientation, Louie gave a speech called "How to Balance a Checkbook." This is an example of a speech to ________.

instruct

Karli has decided to show the class how to make Waldorf salad. This will be an informative speech designed to ____________.

instruct

Which of the following is most likely to appear between the introduction and the body of a speech?

internal preview

Special occasion speaking can be distinguished from other types of public speaking in that it _____.

intertwines public speaking with one's personal life

Karissa told her coworkers that Jacqueline's speech had gotten her attention from the very beginning when she told the audience about her own struggles with weight loss. Which part of the speech is Karissa evaluating?

introduction

Sharna will be speaking to the class about the rainforests of Brazil. She has learned many interesting facts while researching the topic and when she gave the speech, she was surprised to learn that another student in the class had actually visited a rainforest and could add more to her discussion. How has public speaking benefited Sharna on a personal level in this instance?

it advanced her self-development

Petron noted in her speech that if there was a chairman of the company, he would certainly disapprove of the company's actions. How is this sentence inappropriate for a speech?

it contains a gender bias

What is a disadvantage of using a reference work instead of another type of support material?

it may offer information that is too brief

Lisa talked about in vitro procedures in her speech, but seemed unaware that her audience was confused. Lisa made the mistake of using _____.

jargon

Academic and professional publications are known as _____.

journals

In which component of Pelias's and Shaffer's process of evaluation would a listener question why they thought a speech was of poor quality?

justification

The four aspects of effective evaluation as determined by Ron Pelias and Tracy Stephenson Shaffer are description, judgement, __________.

justification and rationale

Which of the following is not part of the suggested format for a source page, according to both MLA and APA style guidelines?

list sources by publication date order

What occurs when we consciously pay attention, assign meaning, and respond to a verbal and/or nonverbal message?

listening

Speakers can help cross-cultural audiences listen to and understand their speeches by _____.

listening to verbal and nonverbal feedback

Emma asks for a salary increase to match that of her male coworkers. Emma points out to the boss that everyone has similar training, education, and sales goals. What kind of appeal is Emma using?

logos

Which of Hofstede's dimensions of culture demonstrates how a culture values persistence and a strong work ethic?

long-term orientation vs. short-term orientation

As the leader of a Girl Scout group, Fran wants to make sure she keeps the girls interested in scouting and that they feel good about being in the group. Which type of communication does this require?

maintenance

Immediately after conducting an interview, the interviewer should _____.

make additional notes about the conversation while it is still fresh in his or her mind

Which part of the physical delivery of a speech helps the audience view you as trustworthy?

make eye contact

What is the best advice for the use of movement during a speech?

make it purposeful

Lila is so nervous to giver her speech that she decides she will read it word for word from the paper in front of her. What type of speech is Lila presenting?

manuscript

Hillary is including statistics in her presentation and wants to include the average of the set of numbers relating to annual sales for each of the past four years. In other words, Hillary wants to use the _____.

mean

Which component of intercultural competence as identified by Littlejohn and Foss is concerned with a speaker being conscientiously aware of and paying attention to distinctions within an audience?

mindfulness

Scott plans to show the relationship of planets to the sun during his speech on the solar system. Which presentation aid will help Scott best illustrate this concept

model

The evidence for Lisel's speech on the need for an iron supplement is that women need iron for proper immune function. She notes that a woman's quality of life is directly related to a properly functioning immune system. Which type of warrant does this represent?

motivational

Speaking competence is demonstrated by identity knowledge, mindfulness, and _____, according to Stephen Littlejohn and Karen Foss in Theories of Human Communication.

negotiation skill

Titus failed to credit his source when he talked about the cost of living figures from across the country. This is an example of ___________ plagiarism

no-citation

Even though both Jillian and Elizabeth wanted to be in charge of the group, the rest of the members agreed that Jillian should be in charge since she had worked in fundraising before. With this decision, the group began to outline the tasks they needed to accomplish to organize the dance marathon. In which phase of small group development can a group start figuring out what tasks need to be done?

norming

According to the text, one of the best ways to learn how to conduct an interview is to ________.

observe someone who is good at interviewing

Matt has been invited to give a graduation speech. The general purpose of his speech should be dictated by the _____.

occasion

Which element of the speaking situation has to do with why the audience is gathered to hear your speech?

occasion

Jill is conducting a peer evaluation during speech class. She writes on her evaluation form, "I really enjoyed learning about Amazon insects, but I would have liked viewing more photos." What evaluation suggestion is Jill employing here?

offer improvement tips

The speaker remarked that walking past the bakery made her think fondly of her grandma's kitchen. What sensory appeal is this an example of?

olfactory

Ideally, how many background colors should be used when making a slide presentation?

one

A blog is analogous to a(n) _____.

online personal journal

Kellen likes the words "chirp" and "beep" because they imitate the sounds they represent. Which type of trope does this demonstrate?

onomatopoeia

At the end of his presentation, three students raised their hands and gave Jorge feedback on his speech. These students are providing a(n) ____________ evaluation.

oral

Carrie had never taken a speech class before and was developing a working outline for her first speech. Her professor suggested that she should first __________ and then _________.

outline the speech body; create an introduction and conclusion

Which language technique connects two ordinarily contradictory words together?

oxymoron

During the meeting, Stefan and two other experts will provide details on the issues associated with the proposed incentive plan to the board of directors. There will be a chairperson present to lead the meeting. Which type of presentation format will Stefan be participating in as he shares information with the board?

panel discussion

After reviewing her list of main points, Kim realized that it would be better is she phrased them by starting each main point with the same word. What technique is Kim going to use to improve her main points?

parallelism

Audience members who believe the speaker is completely responsible for the effectiveness of the message are reflecting _____.

passivity syndrome

When John F. Kennedy said, "Ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country," he was using what type of traditional appeal?

pathos

Sydney lived in Japan as a child because her father worked there. When giving a speech about differences between Japanese and American schools, she used her own experiences as examples. Sydney is using _____ testimony in her speech.

personal

When the goal of a speech is to reinforce, change, or influence the attitudes, values, beliefs, or actions of the audience, the aim is to _____.

persuade

The speaker at the food pantry demonstrated low-cost and nutritious options for meals. Which of Maslow's needs was this speaker focusing on?

physiological

Tiffany wants to use a presentation aid that will help her show that 30% of the students eat breakfast in their dorm room, 30% eat breakfast in the cafeteria and the other 40% eat breakfast at the student union. What should she use to show this information?

pie graph

Public speakers who do not cite sources that they have paraphrased are guilty of ___________.

plagiarism

Rather than write the presentation in her own words, Elizabeth chose to take the entire document she had found at the library and use it without citing her source. Elizabeth is demonstrating _____.

plagiarism

A proposition of _____ describes a course of action that needs to be ended or implemented.

policy

When a speaker tries to persuade the audience to implement a new procedure, it is a proposition of _____.

policy

Jessa hopes to gain some quantifiable information for her presentation on water usage rates in the United States from a survey her company is conducting online. The individuals who participate in this survey represent the _____.

population

Nathan wants to show his audience how a child develops in height over time. He doesn't want them to see this development all at once, but wants to show each stage one at a time. What is the best presentation aid he can use to achieve this?

poster

Malia is taking her handwritten outline and putting it into correct outline form. She knows this new outline will still need changes before she gives her speech. Which type of outline is she making?

preparation

The full-sentence outline is another name for the _____________ outline

preparation

Which of the following is NOT part of the initial preparation outline for an extemporaneous speech?

presentation aids

Using Jennifer Aniston as the spokesperson for Emirates Airlines is an example of _____ testimony.

prestige

Which section of the speech introduction generally appears last?

preview of speech

Patrice wants to talk about her strongest argument first when she presents her talk on building more charter schools. Patrice is using the _____ model to organize her speech.

primacy

The company president prepared a brief speech for the next manager's meeting to explain why health care deductions are increasing and ways employees could save money by changing which doctor they used. What organizational strategy will this speech likely use?

problem-solving

Taylor paraphrased John F. Kennedy's inaugural address as an attention-getter for a speech on volunteering. As an ethical speaker, what must Taylor be sure to do?

provide an appropriate citiation

When developing a speech, the Modern Language Association and the American Psychological Association are important because they _____.

provide appropriate style guidelines for citing source information

What would a speaker do during the listening and evaluating stage of the creative process for a persuasive speech?

provide the audience with a survey for feedback on the speech

Judi keeps thinking about the fight with her boyfriend last night, so she does not hear what the newscaster is saying on television. This represents a(n) _____ barrier to listening.

psychological

Which of the ancillary elements to an argument identified by Toulmin is used to soften the effect of reservations on a claim as shown in this example, "The public should be allowed to vote on this matter because this law will likely provide tax relief"?

qualifiers

Jason works for a furniture manufacturer and he is part of the team that makes sure each product going out the door is up to the standards that have been set by the company. Which type of group would do this job?

quality assurance

Words or passages that are written by someone else are called ______________.

quotations

The first three steps in the listening process are _____.

receiving, attending, and understanding

Jim is a salesman for a camera company and presents his products to his clients in an attempt to get them to buy the cameras and accessories to sell in their stores. According to the text, which type of business presentation does this represent?

recommendation

Al concluded his speech by finishing the story of his immigrant grandfather, which he had intially used to attract the audience's attention. What type of "WOW" statement is Al using?

reference to introduction

Shannon is taking the final exam for the semester. She completes her essay and turns in her paper. What stage of the listening process is Shannon demonstrating as she takes the exam?

remembering

The optimal technique for reducing speech anxiety is _________.

repeated practice

When you present information to others during a business meeting, you are making a(n) ______.

report

You would look for reference materials that provide information on your topic during the ________ step of the creative process

researching

Amber noticed that several audience members were frowning because they seemed unclear on her message. Which stage of the listening process are the audience members in?

responding

Sun Yip paraphrased the magazine article during his speech on global warming. In other words, the material was _____.

restated in a simpler way

Zoe began her speech by saying, "Do you have big college loans? I know I do." What device is Zoe using to get the audience's attention?

rhetorical question

An article written by a pediatric oncologist that is published in The Journal of the American Medical Association is an example of a _____ source.

scholarly

Bettina is invited to speak next month at a meeting for a professional association. She wants to do her best but she is not an accomplished speaker. Which of the following techniques should Bettina use now to help improve her speech?

select a topic appropriate for the audience

Kiley gets together with her book club every six weeks to discuss the current selection. A book club is a type of _____ group.

social

The four key parts of a speech outline are introduction, body, conclusion, and _________.

source page

In a speech of award acceptance, it is generally inappropriate to _____.

speak no longer than five minutes

Janelle is developing a presentation for her department. She is organizing her thoughts and has come up with the following: "To persuade the board of directors to invest in a new packaging design for the current product line." This statement represents Janelle's ________.

specific purpose

Jensen knows that her general purpose is to inform, her audience is the students in her classroom, and her objective is for them to conjugate verbs. At this point, Jensen can create the ____ for the speech to her class.

specific purpose

During the senior assembly, the principal announced the school's leadership scholarship winner and recognized all the nominees. This is an example of which special occasion speech?

speech of award presentation

Amy is giving a speech on sailing. She begins by vividly describing her first experience on a sailboat. What attention-getting device is Amy employing

stories of narratives

At which stage of small-group development, according to Tuckman and Jensen, would the group start focusing on its goal, and power and relationship issues would begin to emerge?

storming

When using PowerPoint in your presentation, consider _________, sketching out the content and arranging the sequence of your aids before you begin.

storyboarding

Celine's speech topic is deciduous trees found in the Midwest forest and she plans to talk about maple an oak trees. When she talks about the oak trees, Celine will give examples of two of the oldest oak trees in the state of Iowa. The information about the two oldest oak trees is an example of a __________.

subpoint

Letitia has already given the source information for the example she is using in her presentation. As she is using another example from the same source later in the speech, what citation guideline applies to the next example?

subsequent citations can be shorter

Karson decided to adjust his speech and use newspaper references rather than a Twitter-based discussion when he realized he would be talking to senior citizens. Which aspect of his support materials did Karson evaluate in order to make this adjustment?

suitability

As a presentation aid, charts and tables are especially useful in __________.

summarizing a lot of information

The basic order of a successful conclusion is _____________.

summary statement, audience response statement, WOW statement

The speaker chooses descriptive words to appeal to the audience's gustatory sense, or sense of _____.

taste

Every decision a speaker makes should be based upon ___________.

the audience and speaking situation

Communication is considered a transactional process when it meets three criteria. Which of the following is not one of those criteria?

the communication is based on valid information

Jessica's work group used the DECIDE model to determine which of the two new shampoo products they would release to the market. Which of the activities below represents the final step Jessica's group would take?

the group receives a report detailing the monthly sales of the new shampoo

Identification is the term used when describing _______________.

the human need to understand as much as possible about the feelings and thoughts of others

One of the last surviving Navajo code talkers is visiting Tom's campus. Tom wants to set up an interview with him to gather information for a speech he is preparing. What should Tom keep in mind when scheduling the interview?

the interview time and location should be set up with the interviewee's schedule in mind

Which of the following is an example of a primary source?

the novel The Great Gatsby

Just after the Sandy Hook Elementary School shootings, President Obama gave a radio address on the topic of gun control. The speech was heard by approximately 25 million Americans in their homes and cars. In this scenario, what is the communication channel?

the radio

The creative process for informative speaking is considered dynamic which means that _________.

the speaker can move back and forth between the steps in the process

If you are asked to assess the effectiveness of the topic selection for a speech, as well as the research and creation of the message, you are evaluating _____________.

the speech message