Specialized Cells No. 1

Ciliated Epithelial Cells

-Ciliated epithelial cells are very important. They protect us by trapping any dust or bacteria in the air we breathe. Smoking stops the ciliated epithelial cells from working. If it stopped it may affect on our lungs. -What is its adaptation? -It has cilia which is produced by the cytoplasm. Cilia is a thin hair like structure. -What is its function? -Mucus traps the dust particles, then the cilia beats in a rhythm to move this mucus out of the body. -It helps the ovum to move.

Gametes or Sex Cells

-Gametes are cells that are responsible in reproduction. -There are 2 types of gametes: -Sperm Cell -Egg Cell/Ovum

Egg Cell/Ovum

-It is the reproductive cell in the female. -Where is it? -It is in the female reproductive system. -How does it look like? -It is very large. It has lots of cytoplasm which acts as the stored food for the developing embryo. -What does it do? -It provides food for the growing embryo. It stores the genetic information of the female part.

Root Hair Cell

-It is very useful for the plants. It allows more water and minerals to enter the plant. -Where is it ? -It is in the roots hair. -How does it look like? -It is a thin thread like structure. -It is an elongated cell. -It has no chloroplasts. -It has many mitochondria, that some water and minerals are absorbed actively. -What is its function? -Its absorbs some water and minerals actively.

Xylem Cells/ Vessels

-These cell are important as well. They help in transporting water. -Where is it? -It is found in the stem. -How does it look like? -It is long , thin hollow tube for uninterrupted flow of water. -The vessels are formed of column of cells with no end walls, nucleus and cytoplasm. -What does it do? -It helps to transport water and also provide support.

Muscle Cells

-Muscle cells are very important. They allow our bodies to move. Without it we won't be able to move. -Where is it found? -It is found in the muscular system. -What is its adaptation? -It is long. It has bands of proteins. The muscle cells are arranged in fibers that helps it to run along the length of the muscle. -What are their functions? -They contract which helps the muscle to move.

Neuron/ Nerve Cells

-Nerve cells are very important. They send us the impulses to accomplish a task. -Where is it? -It is found in our nervous system. -What is its adaptation? -It is long and branched. -What is the function of it? -It carries the impulses. The way it is branched allows the impulses to be conducted and co-ordinated. It carries the impulses long distances without getting interrupted.

Palisade Cells

-Palisade cells are very important for plant cells. They help them to make their food. -Where is it? -It is found in the leaves. -How does it look like? -It has a large surface area. -It has lots of chloroplasts. -The cell wall and other parts of the cytoplasm are transparent to let the light pass through the leaf. -It has an oblong shape. -What does it do? -It absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis.

Specialized Cells

-Plant's and animal's cells are specialized to carry their job efficiently. -Specialized cells are cells that have a particular adaptation to perform a special task.

Red Blood Cells

-Red blood cells are very important for our bodies. It is found in the blood. Our blood is made up of a liquid part. The red blood cells are found in this liquid part of the blood. -Where is it found? -It's found in the blood. -What is its adaptation? -It has the biconcave disc-shape for more surface area in exchanging gases. -It has no nucleus in its cytoplasm to have more space for the haemoglobin. -What is the function of this cell? -It carries the oxygen. -It makes the blood red because it has haemoglobin.

Sperm Cell

-Sperm cell is the male reproductive cell. -Where is it? -It in the male reproductive system. -How does it look like? -It is long and has a neck, head and a tail. The head produces enzymes to enter to the ovum so fertilization can take place. The neck has lots of mitochondria which provides it with the energy it needs. The tail pushes side to side to push the cell forward. -What does it do? -It carries the genetic information of the male parent. It combines with the egg cell to form a new embryo.

White Blood Cell

-White blood cells are really important. It protects our lives everyday. Without we won't be able to live. -Where is it found? -It is found in the blood. -What is its adaptation? -There are 2 types of white blood cells: -Lymphocytes -They have large nuclei. -They produce antibodies to kill bacteria. -Phagocytes -They have lobed nuclei. -They engulf bacteria because the nucleus allows it to change its shape. -What is its function? -It kills the bacteria to protect our lives.

Animal Specialized Cells

1.Red Blood Cell 2.White blood Cell and its types 3.Ciliated Epithelial Cell 4.Nerve Cell 5.Muscle Cell 6.Sperm Cell (gamete cell) 7.Ovum Cell (gamete cell)

Plant Specialized Cells

1.Root Hair Cell 2.Palisade Cell 3.Xylem Vessel /Cell