Speech and Language

Which child is demonstrating difficulty with morphological inflection?

Fiona, who neglects to ass -s to the end of "turtle" to signal a plurality

What is the difference between functional and organic causes of speech and language impairments?

Functions causes have no obvious physical basis; organic causes are linked to physiological deficits

Why is speech considered such a complex process?

It involves multiple body systems

How can a case history help a professional during the evaluation of a child with a suspected language disorder?

It provides background information about the child, family, home environment, and culture

How does stuttering differ from cluttering?

Stuttering is characterized by rapid-fire repetitions of sound; cluttering is fast and jerky speech

An evaluation team is reviewing their data thus far to determine whether additional testing is needed during a comprehensive speech-language evaluation. The team has conducted formal and informal assessments at school and collected a variety of work samples. Should additional evaluations be conducted, or should the evaluation be finalized?

The evaluation should continue; background information and family input are still needed

Central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) occurs when the ear and the brain are not working in tandem as they should.

True

In nearly every culture, social relationships play a key role in language development.

True

When assessing a child whose speech is not well developed, the BRIGANCE Inventory of Early Development III is an acceptable alternative to a language sample

True

Which analogy best describes language?

a code

Sabrina uses the word thing to refer to many objects in her third-grade classroom, such as her pencil, books, pencil sharpener, dry erase markers, glue sticks, and scissors. In fact, she rarely uses the actual names of these objects when speaking. This behavior is consistent with _____

a semantic disorder

Jenna has been diagnosed with CAPD. Her care team determined she is eligible for Section 504 services and is drafting a 504 Plan to accommodate her needs. Given the unique challengers of CAPD, what accommodations would be appropriate to consider regarding formal and informal assessments?

administering testing in a separate setting so that Jenna can attend to a single speaker

An impaired ability to select, program, or execute the positioning of speech muscles to produce speech sounds is known as _____.

apraxia of speech

What element of speech is most affected by a lisp?

articulation

Over the past several months, Josiah has exhibited difficulties with decoding words. He has also been observed to produce a variety of sounds correctly sometimes, but not consistently. This suggests that Josiah may have a(n) _____ disorder.

phonological

Fatima has come down with a cold, which has left her nose, throat, and lungs clogged with mucus. When she tried to speak in class, she is difficult to understand. However, after she blows her nose, the teacher can easily understand her. This scenario describes (a) _____

phonological disorder

A child's communication skills suddenly deteriorate when they are in an unfamiliar scenario or talking about a topic they aren't accustomed to. This suggests that the child is struggling with _____

pragmatic language

A teach describes a child as struggling to use language in social situations. Which aspect of language is the teach most likely referring to?

pragmatics

Brooke has consistently struggled with following directions in class and you, her second-grade teacher, are attempting to understand why. The student sitting next to Brooke asks her, "How was your weekend?" Brooke responds, "It was this weekend." Her friend looks confused, shrugs, and tries to make a joke instead. Brooke stares back blankly for a few moments before returning to her morning work. This behavior is suggestive of a(n) _____ disorder.

receptive language

Jacob has a communication disorder and is working with a speech-language pathologist. Jacob's pathologist also works with his family. When working with Jacob's family members, the pathologist focuses on teaching them how to _____, among other things

reduce distractions during conversations

Erica has been tasked with identifying the errors in a sentence that her teacher has written on the board. Erica adds a comma and replaces the word "there" with the word "their." Erica is demonstrating working knowledge of _____.

semantics and syntax

At it's core, language is a _____ used for self-expression

social tool

What is the most familiar fluency disorder?

stuttering

What would you expect to see when observing an individual using aided technology?

the use of external tools such as picture symbols or an iPad

How is augmentative and alternative communications (AAC) used by children with communication disorders?

to supplement their spoken language

Phonology includes the stress and intonation patterns that accompany sounds.

true

Speech is how we express language via sound

true

Hannah was born with a cleft lip. While surgery early on helped to minimize the impact of her condition, Hannah continues to experience difficulties with some elements of speech. What difficulties would Hannah face and why?

hypernasal speech resulting from a failure of bone and palate tissue to fuse correctly

Why is it difficult for professionals to asses language development?

it is challenging to determine what is considered normal in culturally diverse society

A professional is observing a child actively communicate with others. What part of the evaluation does this represent?

language sample

Compared with their peers, children with central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) process auditory information _____

more slowly

Which behavior is commonly seen in children with an expressive language deficit?

excessive repetition of information

Preschoolers with speech and language impairments generally preform better when placed in special education classrooms.

false

Speech assessments observe both the speech and language characteristics of a child while they are actively communicating with others

false

During an evaluation of a toddler with a potential language disorder, the professional works with the family to understand their needs and priorities. The describes what evaluation approach?

family-directed assessment

The majority of speech-language evaluations are conducted in schools identify ____ disorders

functional

Which is an example of morphology?

conjunctions, because they deal with the formation of words

A common problem area for individuals with central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) is having difficulty _____

differentiating similar sounds or words

Quan is seven years old and developed a lisp over three years ago. he often struggles with saying words such as "supposed" and "shared", and they often come out as "schlupposed" and "shtared." This is an example of what speech error?

distortion