Speech Chapter 7 & 8 Definitions

Internal Preview

Statement in the speech body that lets the audience know what the speaker is going to discuss next

Internal Summary

Statement in the speech body that summarizes the preceding point or points

Testimony

Quotations or paraphrases used to support a speech

Quoting out of context

Quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it.

Brief Example

A specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point.

Example

A specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences.

Extended Example

A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point.

Hypothetical Example

An example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation.

Statistics

Numerical data

Strategic Organization

Putting a speech together in a certain way to achieve a certain result with a certain audience.

Peer testimony

Testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic

Expert Testimony

Testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields

Direct Quotation

Testimony that is presented word for word

Signpost

Very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention on key ideas

Connective

Word or phrase that connects the ideas of a speech and indicates the relationship between them

Transition

Word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another

Mean

average value of a group of numbers

Main Points

major points developed in the body of a speech. Most speeches contain 2-5 of these.

Supporting Materials

materials used to support a speaker's ideas- examples, statistics and testimony.

Median

middle number in a group of numbers arranged from highest to lowest or lowest to highest

Mode

number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers

Topical Order

speech organization in which main points divide the topic into logical and consistent sub-topics

Problem-solution Order

speech organization in which the first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the second presents a solution to the problem

Causal Order

speech organization in which the main points follow a cause-effect relationship

Spatial Order

speech organization in which the main points follow a directional pattern

Chronological Order

speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern