SPM 1008 Sport History Final

What was the name of Ban Johnson's professional baseball league that forced the National League to consent to the National Agreement of 1903, paving the way to a World Series pitting both league champions against each other?

American League

In governing women's intercollegiate athletics in the U.S. in the early 1970s, this organization sought to provide student-oriented sports programs for women, emphasizing the educational experience of competition, instead of seeking to recruit athletes and promote scholarships, commercialism, and revenue as occurred in men's collegiate sport governed by the NCAA

Association of Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW)

This All-Star baseball player, who broke Hank Aaron's all-time home run record in summer 2007, was indicted in 2011 for lying about steroids in a federal case involving the investigations of steroids distribution by BALCO

Barry Bonds

In the 1973 "Battle of the Sexes" tennis champion _______ defeated her male opponent Bobby Riggs in a tennis match about social change and women's rights that received widespread publicity and had a large television audience

Billie Jean King

Intercollegiate football in the Progressive Era featured all of the following characteristics except

Bowl games for the top 10 ranked teams in the country

as the general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, ________ signed the first African American player to professional baseball to desegregate the game in what is known as Baseball's "Great Experiment"

Branch Rickey

The increased participation of women in the sporting culture in the late nineteenth century was due to

Changing standards of beauty and changing societal roles

This important cable television network launched its all-sports program in 1979 and shaped new viewing patterns and media features of sports highlights.

ESPN

Walter Camp bridged the Gilded Age and the progressive era. He was known as __________ for his many innovations. A former Yale player, Camp changed the rules of football by marking the field with a "gridiron," promoted the forward pass, emphasized winning, and introduced the first All-American Football Team. He later helped the Navy train sailors with daily exercises during World War I.

Father of American Football

The first baseball player to break the color line in professional baseball when he was signed to a pro contract in 1947, ___________ endured racial slurs even while he showcased his ability, earning Rookie of the Year in 1949.

Jackie Robinson

The founder of men's basketball in 1891 and a leader in the Young Men's Christian Association, __________ , advocated basketball for young working-class men for healthful and competitive indoor sport.

James Naismith

Which of the following factors was not part of the 1920s-1930s emergence of sport heroes and heroines in American culture?

Lack of interest in baseball heroes like George "Babe" Ruth

In his career as a celebrated National Basketball Association player gaining international fame and marketing numerous products like shoes and sports drinks, this athlete generated huge TV ratings in the 1980s and 1990s, earned olympic gold in the US "Dream Team" and promoted the globalization of American Sport

Michael Jordan

During the unregulated period of college sports in the 1880's, when football had different rules and dangerous play, the intercollegiate Amateur Athletic Association of America (IC4A) became the forerunner of this governing body, founded in 1905, that continues today in intercollegiate sport.

National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)

The new technology of television in the 1950s had all of the following influences on sport and American culture except

Ratings for sports on television soared and overtook traditional programming options

As one of the first Latin American stars (from Puerto Rico), ________ was the best all-around player in the major leagues, but the American public and sportswriters often dismissed him as disengaged or sullen

Roberto Clemente

This black businessman founded the Negro National League in baseball in 1920

Rube Foster

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) enacted the ___________ in 1948 in an attempt to curb widespread cheating and unethical recruiting

Sanity Code

Runner for University of Oregon

Steve Prefontaine - Changed the opinion on long distance running like the Mile because of his dominance, Pre always planned on being a short distance runner/sprinter but ended up doing the Mile and ultimately dominating. Pre never go to win a Gold Medal or a World Championship because of him unfortunate death but made a lasting impact on the sport, he has an annual mile long race named after him and continues to inspire track stars today

Which of the following factors has not been part of the emergence of drugs and doping in athletic performances in American culture?

The fact that the only athletes in the US to use steroids were men hoping to improve athletic performance

In the education Amendment Act of 1972, the legislation termed ________ prohibits discrimination based on sex in educational programs receiving federal funding, greatly changed women's sport by providing more opportunities for women to compete in teams, and promoted equality, by influencing access to facilities, coaches, training, and scholarships.

Title IX

The recapitulation theory proposed that

different types of play, at particular stages of growth, were necessary for proper development

The Rozelle Rule in the National Football League ensured

that the commissioner would determine the salary for a player when there was a dispute between team and player

Pierre de Coubertin organized the modern olympic games for all of the following reasons except

to promote equality between men and women