Stalin's Use of "socialism in one country"

What was the focus of the second five year plan?

1933 (had to be modified b/c it was too harsh) There was a group against the plan and this is why the purges started

Who was Kirov?

One of the leaders against the 5 year plan - he was shot by Stalin

What did Stalin mean by "socialism in one country"?

Soviet Russia had all the necessary resources to surpass or overtake capitalism in the shortest time possible (all out industrialization at the expense of the workers)

By 1935 all farms were collectivized which means that .......

The collective farms were run democratically under a chairman and the peasants did as they were told: the kulaks were gone and the peasants were submissive

What is a Kulak?

a well to do peasant

How did Stalin take control using totalitarianism?

allowed no resistance, industrialism, work hard and rewards for those who contributed to the plan, trade unions were tools of the state, family control, cultural elite were eliminated, purges, secret police and total obedience by all Russians, no respect for human rights

Define gulags

forced labour camps

What is collectivization?

forced pooling of farmland, animals, machinery and produce (quality and quantity of crops was planned), well to do peasants (kulaks) sent to labour camps and the poorer peasants had to work with no reward

What was the focus of the First Five year plan?

heavy industry, construction of railroads, power plants, steel mills, millitary hardware, minimal consumer goods, no private trading

What are some of the positive aspects of Stalin's leadership?

literacy and education improved personal conduct improved medical care stable government workers who behaved were better off major industrialized nation military prospered

What were the consequences of the 1st 5 year plan?

material hardships, mental anguish, young people willing to sacrifice for their country, all citizens had to work, goals were only met in the oil industry (lasted for 4 years)

Why did the Five year plan fail in agriculture?

the farmers reacted by gorging and drinking on their produce and animals, the cattle declined, horses died, crops were not planted or or harvested and millions starved