Statistics - Exam 1
Heights of men entering the U.S. Marine Corps are an example of which type of data?
Continuous
A physician gives a placebo to the
Control group
The _____ receives a placebo.
Control group
When conducting a single-masked experiment a doctor should not apply a process to produce a desired response to the
Control group
Identify the sample: The number of hours a group of 7 children in Mrs. Smith's kindergarten class watch television in a day.
The 7 children in Mrs. Smith's kindergarten class
Decide if the following probability is classical, relative frequency, or subjective. You believe you have a 1/6 chance of rolling a 2 on a six-sided die.
*(Classical or Relative)
A standard pair of six-sided dice is rolled. What is the probability of rolling a sum greater than or equal to 9? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places.
10/36 = .2778
Describe the complement of the given event. 68% of a person's credit card purchases are thirty dollars or more.
100-68 = 32%
Two cards are drawn without replacement from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. What is the probability of choosing a spade for the second card drawn, if the first card, drawn without replacement, was a club? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places.
13/51 = .2549
Find the number of outcomes in the complement of the given event. Out of 260 raspberry plants in a field, 142 are ready for picking.
260-142 = 118
Find the number of outcomes in the complement of the given event. Out of 265 shoes in a department store, 182 are women's shoes.
265-182 = 83
Two cards are drawn without replacement from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. What is the probability of choosing a king for the second card drawn, if the first card, drawn without replacement, was a queen? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places.
4/51 = .0784
What is the probability of rolling a sum of 7 on a standard pair of six-sided dice? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to three decimal places, if necessary.
6 X 6 = 36 6/36 = .167
What is the probability of rolling a sum of 12 on a standard pair of six-sided dice? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to three decimal places, if necessary.
6 x 6 = 36 1/36 = .028
Suppose that shoe sizes of American women have a bell-shaped distribution with a mean of 8.06 and a standard deviation of 1.52. Using the empirical rule, what percentage of American women have shoe sizes that are between 6.54 and 9.58?
68%
A box contains 17 green marbles and 10 white marbles. If the first marble chosen was a white marble, what is the probability of choosing, without replacement, another white marble? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places.
9/26 = .3462
Three cards are drawn with replacement from a standard deck. What is the probability that the first card will be a club, the second card will be a black card, and the third card will be the five of clubs? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places.
C: 13/52 B: 26/52 5C: 1/52 =00.24
Three cards are drawn with replacement from a standard deck. What is the probability that the first card will be a club, the second card will be a black card, and the third card will be a ten? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places.
C: 13/52 B: 26/52 T: 4/52 = .0096
Determine if the following events are independent. Going to the gym. Losing weight.
Dependent
The numbers of red cars on various roads are an example of which type of data?
Discrete
In a _____ experiment, both researchers and participants do not know into which group a participant has been placed.
Double-blind
In a _____ experiment, neither clinicians nor partakers know whether the partaker is in the treatment group or the control group.
Double-blind
A car wash operator wants to know if closing the store early on weeknights will hurt profits.
Experimental
Suppose you like to keep a jar of change on your desk. Currently, the jar contains the following: 19 Pennies 7 Dimes 12 Nickels 27 Quarters What is the probability that you reach into the jar and randomly grab a penny and then, without replacement, another penny? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places.
First Penny: 19/65 Second Penny: 18/64 (19/65)*(18/64) = 171/2080 (or 0.0822)
Three cards are drawn with replacement from a standard deck. What is the probability that the first card will be a heart, the second card will be a red card, and the third card will be the five of clubs? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places.
H: 13/52 R: 26/52 5C: 1/52 (13/52)(26/52)(1/52) = .0024
Three cards are drawn with replacement from a standard deck. What is the probability that the first card will be a heart, the second card will be a red card, and the third card will be a face card? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places.
Heart: 13/52 (1/4) Red: 26/52 (1/2) Face: 12/52 (3/13) (1/4)(1/2)(3/13) = 3/104 (or 0.0288)
Determine if the following events are independent. Jeff makes it to work on time. Jessica puts together a small bookcase.
Independent
For the following type of data set, would you be more interested in looking at the mean, median, or mode? State your reasoning. The price for homes with similar floor plans in a new neighborhood
Mean; The prices for homes are quantitative data with no outliers
For the following type of data set, would you be more interested in looking at the mean, median, or mode? State your reasoning. The price of cars on a car lot
Median; The prices of cars are quantitative data with outliers
Determine whether the following events are mutually exclusive. Choosing a diamond or a black card out of a standard deck of cards.
Mutually Exclusive
Determine whether the following events are mutually exclusive. Choosing a diamond or a club out of a standard deck of cards.
Mutually Exclusive
Determine whether the following events are mutually exclusive. Choosing a student who is a communications major or a finance major from a nearby university to participate in a research study. (Assume that each student only has one major.)
Mutually Exclusive
Determine whether the following events are mutually exclusive. Choosing a three or a club out of a standard deck of cards.
Not mutually exclusive
Identify the sample chosen for the study: The number of hours a group of 12 children in Mrs. Smith's kindergarten class sleep in a day.
The 12 children selected in Mrs. Smith's kindergarten class
Determine whether the following value could be a probability. 0.91
Yes
Write out the sample space for the given experiment. Use the following letters to indicate each choice: A for asparagus, M for mushrooms, B for bacon, S for shrimp, V for vinaigrette, and R for ranch. When deciding what you want to put into a salad for dinner at a restaurant, you will choose one of the following extra toppings: asparagus, mushrooms. Also, you will add one of following meats: bacon, shrimp. Lastly, you will decide on one of the following dressings: vinaigrette, ranch.
ABV,ABR,ASV,ASR,MBV,MBR,MSV,MSR
Identify the population being studied: The overall exam scores of 14 out of the 36 students in your physics class.
All students in your physics class
Decide if the following probability is classical, relative frequency, or subjective. Selecting a 9 from a standard deck of cards.
Classical
_____ are additional variables that were not measured but affected the outcomes in a study.
Confounding Variable(s)
A company did a study on the physical activity level and weight gain of its employees. Age was not considered so it might be an example of a(n)
Confounding variable(s)
Amounts of yearly rainfall in Miami over the last 5 years are an example of which type of data?
Continuous
Determine whether the statement describes a descriptive or inferential statistic: The average number of hours students in your statistics class study per week is 17.4.
Descriptive Statistic
The average price of a car at the new car dealership in town is $28,700.
Descriptive Statistic
IQ scores, reported in whole numbers, of research scientists are an example of which type of data?
Discrete
The numbers of TV shows taped in Los Angeles on various days are an example of which type of data?
Discrete
The numbers of languages that various people speak fluently are an example of which type of data?
Discrete
The numbers of questions answered correctly by various students on a 10-question quiz are an example of which type of data?
Discrete
In a _____ experiment, neither examiners nor subjects know whether the subject is in the treatment group or the control group.
Double-blind
A car wash operator wants to identify if providing a discount for local residents will generate additional revenue.
Experimental
A deli cart entrepreneur wants to identify if dressing an employee in a gorilla costume will bring in more customers.
Experimental
A deli cart entrepreneur wants to study if reducing prices on Tuesdays will increase profits.
Experimental
Decide if the following statement about graphs is true or false. A title for a graph is optional, since the topic is always given in the accompanying article or problem.
False
Decide if the following statement about graphs is true or false. Graphs are never as convincing as a table or list.
False
Determine if the statement "Not all points predicted by the linear model fall on the same line" is true or false.
False
Write out the sample space for the given experiment. Use the letter H to indicate heads and T for tails. 2 coins are tossed.
HH,TT,HT,TH
A survey of 3401 people revealed that 54% work a full-time job; therefore it can be assumed that 54% of the U.S. population works a full-time job.
Inferential Statistic
Determine whether the statement describes a descriptive or inferential statistic: A survey of 1478 people revealed that 52% eat while they drive; therefore it can be assumed that 52% of the U.S. population eats while they drive.
Inferential Statistic
A study of bone density on 5 random women at a hospital produced the following results.
Negative
Determine if the correlation between the two given variables is likely to be positive or negative, or if they are not likely to display a linear relationship. The number of cigarettes a person smokes per day and their life expectancy
Negative
The following table compares the completion percentage and interception percentage of 5 NFL quarterbacks.
Negative
The retail price of a particular model of car and the number of units sold at that price
Negative
Colors of jelly beans in a jar are an example of which type of data?
Neither
Genders are an example of which type of data?
Neither
Letter grades on a test are an example of which type of data?
Neither
Songs on a band's set list are an example of which type of data?
Neither
Determine if the data set is unimodal, bimodal, multimodal, or has no mode. Identify the mode(s), if any exist. 5 -7 -2 -11 -12 3
No Mode
Determine if the correlation between the two given variables is likely to be positive or negative, or if they are not likely to display a linear relationship. The number of times a person exercises per week and the amount of time they spend on the phone
No correlation
In order to help decide when and where to advertise, an appliance repair company decided to pull invoices and tally what types of appliances were repaired. There were twenty-five appliances repaired that month. What is the level of measurement for the data? Are the data qualitative or quantitative?
Nominal, Qualitative
In order to help decide when and where to advertise, an electronics repair company decided to pull invoices and tally what types of devices were repaired. There were twenty-five devices repaired that month. What is the level of measurement for the data? Are the data qualitative or quantitative?
Nominal, Qualitative
Write out the sample space for the given experiment. Use the following letters to indicate each choice: O for olives, G for garbanzo beans, S for shrimp, B for bacon, I for Italian, and V for vinaigrette. When deciding what you want to put into a salad for dinner at a restaurant, you will choose one of the following extra toppings: olives, garbanzo beans. Also, you will add one of following meats: shrimp, bacon. Lastly, you will decide on one of the following dressings: Italian, vinaigrette.
OSI,OSV,OBI,OBV,GSI,GSV,GBI,GBV
A car wash operator wants to study his average annual profits.
Observational
A gas station owner wants to identify if a need for additional staffing exists.
Observational
A general manager of a restaurant wants to study if her customer base is shrinking.
Observational
A reviewer decides to interview guests to see how they would rate a particular hotel. The following table lists the responses from twenty-five guests. What is the level of measurement for the data? Are the data qualitative or quantitative?
Ordinal, Qualitative
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. A supervisor must give a summary evaluation rating from among the choices given below: 1) Poor 2) Fair 3) Good 4) Very good 5) Excellent
Qualitative, Neither, Ordinal
Donna is looking into investing a portion of her recent bonus into the stock market. While researching different companies, she discovers the following standard deviations of one year of daily stock closing prices. Perfect Plungers Plus: Standard deviation of stock prices =$1.12 Masterful Pocketwatches: Standard deviation of stock prices =$9.63 Based on the data and assuming these trends continue, which company would give Donna a stable long-term investment?
Perfect Plungers Plus; the smaller standard deviation indicates that Perfect Plungers Plus has less variability in its closing prices than Masterful Pocketwatches
A _____ appears identical to the actual treatment but contains no active ingredients.
Placebo
Determine whether the statement describes a population or a sample: The amount of money each person in your math class spends on clothes in a month.
Population
Determine if the numerical value describes a population parameter or a sample statistic: 67% of all babies born at the local hospital last year were boys.
Population (?)
Determine if the numerical value describes a population parameter or a sample statistic: 71% of all instructors at your school teach 2 or more classes.
Population Parameter
Determine if the numerical value describes a population parameter or a sample statistic: The average number of hours students in your statistics class study per week is 12.2.
Population Parameter
Identify the population being studied and the sample chosen: The overall exam scores of 4 out of the 23 students in your statistics class.
Population: All students in your statistics class Sample: 4 out of the 23 students in your statistics class
Identify the population being studied and the sample chosen: The number of times 12 out of 28 students on your floor order fast food in a week.
Population: The 28 students on your floor Sample: The 12 students selected on your floor
Consider the relationship between the number of bids an item on eBay received and the item's selling price. The following is a sample of 5 items sold through an auction.
Positive
Determine if the correlation between the two given variables is likely to be positive or negative, or if they are not likely to display a linear relationship. The square footage of a home and its selling price
Positive
The following data gives the number of hours 10 students spent studying and their corresponding grades on their midterm exams.
Positive
Religious affiliations are an example of which type of data?
Qualitative
Types of cars people own are an example of which type of data?
Qualitative
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. A statistical experiment is conducted in which the experimenter draws a card from a deck and records the suit of a card. The suits are recorded by placing the appropriate number on a form. The numbers used are given below: 1) Spades 2) Hearts 3) Diamonds 4) Clubs
Qualitative, Neither, Nominal
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. A survey response to "Do you favor a flat tax?" 1) Yes 2) No
Qualitative, Neither, Nominal
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. You toss a coin and record "head" as 1 and "tail" as 2.
Qualitative, Neither, Nominal
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. A company is evaluating customer satisfaction with one of their products. A survey of 400 persons is conducted. Each person is asked: "What is your level of satisfaction with the company's products?" 1) Poor 2) Average 3) Good 4) Excellent
Qualitative, Neither, Ordinal
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. Fifty people were asked to respond to a survey question regarding how frequently they used their credit card. The categories they were asked to choose from are given below: 1) Infrequently 2) Sometimes 3) Frequently
Qualitative, Neither, Ordinal
Boiling points in degrees Celsius for various substances are an example of which type of data?
Quantitative
Sales in dollars made by a sales person are an example of which type of data?
Quantitative
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. The amount of monthly rainfall in 6 randomly selected months.
Quantitative, Continuous, Ratio
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. The total weight of sugar imported by the United States each day for a year.
Quantitative, Continuous, Ratio
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. Birth years of each person in your family.
Quantitative, Discrete, Interval
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. The IQ scores of students at the local college.
Quantitative, Discrete, Interval
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. The number of gold medals each country won in the last Olympics.
Quantitative, Discrete, Ratio
Classify the following data. Indicate whether the data is qualitative or quantitative, indicate whether the data is discrete, continuous, or neither, and indicate the level of measurement for the data. The salaries of 80 randomly selected employees.
Quantitative, Discrete, Ratio
Decide if the following probability is classical, relative frequency, or subjective. You calculate that the probability of randomly choosing a student who is right-handed is about 46%.
Relative Frequency
Determine whether the statement describes a population or a sample: The number of times 11 out of 21 students on your floor order Chinese in a week.
Sample
A recent poll of 1852 corporate executives showed that the average price of their cars is $49,700.
Sample Statistic
A recent poll of 2940 corporate executives showed that the average price of their cars is $31,800.
Sample Statistic
Determine if the numerical value describes a parameter or a statistic: A recent poll of 3054 corporate executives showed that the average price of their cars is $49,700.
Sample Statistic
Determine if the numerical value describes a parameter or a statistic: A recent poll of 3891 corporate executives showed that the average price of their cars is $39,700.
Sample Statistic
An experiment in which only the subject does not realize whether they received a treatment or placebo is
Single-blind
A manufacturer makes bags of popcorn and bags of potato chips. The average weight of a bag of popcorn is supposed to be 3.02 ounces with an allowable deviation of 0.05 ounces. The average weight of a bag of potato chips is supposed to be 5.06 ounces with an allowable deviation of 0.02 ounces. A factory worker randomly selects a bag of popcorn from the assembly line and it has a weight of 3.05 ounces. Then the worker randomly selects a bag of potato chips from the assembly line and it has a weight of 5.05 ounces. Which description closely matches the findings on the assembly line?
The potato chip bag assembly line is closer to the specifications given because its z-score is closer to the standard than the popcorn bag assembly line
Decide if the following statement about graphs is true or false. Graphs are persuasive.
True
Determine if the statement "All points predicted by the linear model fall on the same line" is true or false.
True
It is possible to have a standard deviation of 320,000 for some data set.
True
Write out the sample space for the given experiment. Use the following letters to indicate each choice: Y for yellow, W for white, B for blue, E for ebony, T for teak, and G for gray. While renovating your house, you have a choice of paint colors for your game room: yellow, white, or blue. You also have the following options for the finish on your entertainment center: ebony, teak, or gray.
YE,YT,YG,WE,WT,WG,BE,BT,BG
Write out the sample space for the given experiment. Use the following letters to indicate each choice: Y for yellow, P for purple, W for white, G for gray, M for maple, and T for teak. While renovating your house, you have a choice of paint colors for your game room: yellow, purple, or white. You also have the following options for the finish on your entertainment center: gray, maple, or teak.
YG,YM,YT,PG,PM,PT,WG,WM,WT
A/An is useful in comparing data values from populations with different means and standard deviations.
Z-score
Determine the value of the dependent variable y^ at x=0
b0
