statistics final easy questions
A researcher consented 200 subjects, but 10 dropped out of the study before it was completed. The rest finished the study. What was the retention rate?
95%
Based on the scatterplot, select the most likely value of the linear correlation coefficient r.
1
The frequency distribution below summarizes employee years of service for a regional hospital. Determine the width of each class. Years of Service Frequency 1-5 5 6-10 20 11-15 25 16-20 10 21-25 5 26-30 3
5 years
Find the indicated probability. Round your answer to 6 decimal places when necessary. A bag contains 15 balls numbered 1 through 15. What is the probability that a randomly selected ball has an even number?
7/15
A shoe store carries one brand of shoe in 5 different styles, 5 sizes, and 3 colors. How many different shoes are available of this one brand?
75
Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. Scientists classify the four major deserts in North America using different regions: the Great Basin, the Mojave, the Sonoran, and the Chihuahuan.
Nominal
Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. Ornithologists classify hummingbirds in the United States using 17 different species: Allen, Anna, Berylline, Black-chinned, Blue-throated, Broad-billed, Broad- tailed, Buff-bellied, Calliope, Costa, Lucifer, Magnificent, Ruby-throated, Rufous, Violet-crowned, White-eared, and Xantus.
Nominal
Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or an experiment. In a study of the Bald Eagle population, the number of breeding pairs is counted.
Observational study
Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. Physicians rank the severity of asthma using mild intermittent asthma, mild persistent asthma, moderate persistent asthma, severe persistent asthma, or brittle asthma.
Ordinal
Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. The income range of attendees at a research conference is gathered as upper, middle, and low levels.
Ordinal
The scatterplot below displays the amount of nitrous oxide (NO) explained by the amount of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions in million metric tons over a ten year period in the United States. Select the choice that best describes any relationship between the variables.
Overall, there is no noticeable relationship between NO and CO.
Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. Doctors measure the weights (in pounds) of preterm babies.
Ratio
Which of the following definitions is the definition of the MODE?
The MODE is the value that has the highest frequency
Use the information below to answer the following question(s). In a certain region, a researcher found that among 2000 people who survived to their 66th birthday, there were 40 deaths before they reached age 67. Use Table 14-1 and a significance level of 0.05 to test the claim that this is an unusually high number of deaths.
The sample data support the claim that this is an unusually high number of deaths.
A ________ error is the mistake of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.
Type I
To assess the variation in measurement (in cubic centimeters) of pre-filled syringes containing experimental cervical cancer vaccine, manufacturers select every 200th syringe beginning at a random moment. Does this sampling plan result in a random sample? Simple random sample?
Yes; no
Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster. To obtain a sample of diabetics, a graduate student contacts nearby hospitals for a list of names.
Convenience
Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster. To obtain a sample of pregnant women, a researcher contacts her son's preschool teacher for a list of names.
Convenience
Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster. To conduct a study of hospital admittance procedures, a list of hospital locations according to county is compiled. All the hospitals from 20 randomly selected counties are selected to be surveyed.
Cluster
Depression is measured by the Beck Depression Inventory, which adds up scores from 21 items to provide a total value ranging from 0 to 63. What level of measurement is this?
Interval
A secretary in a veterinarian's office keeps track of how many animals come in for care in a week's time and what types of animals they are: cat, dog, horse, gerbil, duck, snake, and so forth. What level of measurement is this?
Nominal
Find the indicated probability. Round your answer to 6 decimal places when necessary. On a multiple choice test, each question has 5 possible answers. If you make a random guess on the first question, what is the probability that you are correct?
1/5
The frequency distribution below summarizes employee years of service for a regional hospital. Determine the class boundary(ies) for the class 11-15. Years of Service Frequency 1-5 5 6-10 20 11-15 25 16-20 10 21-25 5 26-30 3
10.5 and 15.5 years
A research hypothesis states: "There is no measurable difference in incidence of acne in 15-year-olds who are placed on a chocolate-free diet." What is the dependent variable in this hypothesis?
Acne
Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or an experiment. Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are randomly divided into four treatment groups (the Tomatis Method, the Dore Method, the Brain Gym, and a control group) to compare differences in focus and concentration
Experiment
Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or an experiment. Patients with severe heart failure were randomly assigned to two treatment groups to compare death and hospitalization rates. One group was treated with drug therapy while the other group was treated with a combination of drugs and an electrical device.
Experiment
Use the frequency distribution below to answer the following question(s). A sample of 80 juvenile salmon is grouped into the resulting frequency distribution based on their weights. Weight (in grams) Frequency 100-149 15 150-199 10 200-249 30 250-299 25 The distribution of the histogram for the weights of the juvenile salmon appears ________.
Skewed left
A 0.05 significance level is being used to test a correlation between two variables. If the linear correlation coefficient r is found to be 0.591 and the critical values are r = + 0.878, what can you conclude?
A 0.05 significance level is being used to test a correlation between two variables. If the linear correlation coefficient r is found to be 0.591 and the critical values are r = + 0.878, what can you conclude?
A Type I error is the mistake of ________ when it is actually true.
rejecting the null hypothesis
True or False A period life table describes mortality and longevity data for a hypothetical cohort, with the data computed with this assumption.
True
If a researcher has a large sample size (greater than 1000 participants), there is a higher risk of which type of error if statistical significance is obtained?
Type 1 error
If a researcher has a large effect size and a small sample size without statistical significance, there is a higher risk of which type of error?
Type 2 error
To monitor levels of the giardia parasite in the Rio Grande, aquatic biologists collect test tube samples at various locations determined by a computer randomization program. Does this sampling plan result in a random sample? Simple random sample?
Yes; yes
A ________ is the complete collection of all measurements or data, whereas, a ________ is a subcollection of members selected from the complete collection.
population; sample
A marine biologist kept track of the number of shark sightings each week over a seven-week period. The results are shown below. 81 71 202 113 269 248 242 Find the median number of shark sightings.
202 sharks
Suppose there are 6 roads connecting town A to town B and 4 roads connecting town B to town C. In how many ways can a person travel from A to C via B?
24 ways
Use the frequency distribution below to answer the following question(s). A sample of 80 juvenile salmon is grouped into the resulting frequency distribution based on their weights. Weight (in grams) Frequency 100-149 15 150-199 10 200-249 30 250-299 25 If a cumulative frequency distribution were constructed for the weights of the salmon, what would be the cumulative frequency for the class weighing less than 200 grams?
25
Which of the following could not possibly be probabilities? A. -0.26 B. 13/7 C. 0 D. 0.87
A and B
Determine which of the following five variables are numerical and which are categorial age, gender, weight, ethnicity, favorite math class
Age and weight are numerical variables. Gender, ethnicity, favorite math class are categorial variable.
In recent school poll, the administrator asked if students were satisfied with the school's corse offering. What is the population of interest here?
All students who are satisfied with the corse offering.
Match the following values as a A) discrete random variable, B) continuous random variable, or C) not a random variable: Exact weights of newborn babies ________Shoe sizes of humans ________Gender classification of adults in the United States ________
B, A, C
Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster. To conduct a survey of the interest of U.S. citizens in Yellowstone National Park, a list of zipcodes is compiled. All citizens in 50 different zipcodes are selected to be mailed a survey.
Cluster
Determine whether the given values are from a discrete or a continuous data set.A sample of male Bighorn sheep has an average (mean) horn base circumference of 43.2 centimeters.
Continuous
Identify the given random variable as being discrete or continuous. The time for a medication to take effect.
Continuous
Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster. Biologists divide the regions where Red foxes are found into the Nearctic, Palearctic, Oriental, Ethiopian, and the Australian region. They plan to follow 100 female foxes from each region to find the average (mean) number of their offspring.
Stratified
A newly employed nurse administrator wants to know more about the employees on the units the administrator supervises. The manager accesses the managerial database and gathers data about all the current employees on the unit, including work shift, number of years employed, age, gender, educational preparation, certifications, work history, and professional accomplishments, analyzing the data statistically. What type of quantitative research is this?
Descriptive research
Determine whether the given values are from a discrete or a continuous data set.People are asked to state how many times in the last month they visited their family doctor.
Discrete
Determine whether the given values are from a discrete or a continuous data set.The number of hatchlings from a sample of 45 bluebird nests is 135.
Discrete
Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. Biologists monitor the air temperature of the Biosphere 2 in Oracle, Arizona
Interval
Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster. Medical researchers following living organ donors classify donors according to whether they donated a kidney, a portion of the liver, a portion of the lung, bone marrow, or blood. The general health of 200 donors from each category is monitored for five years.
Stratified
Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster. A county water quality control officer obtains a list of all residential addresses in the county and constructs a sample of homes to monitor by selecting every 200th home on the list
Systematic
Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster. Biologists studying the pH level of state waterways obtain a sample of streams from a randomly generated list by selecting every 5th stream on the list.
Systematic
Identify the population. A graduate student conducts a research study on undergraduate student smoking habits. She begins with a survey to 500 randomly selected undergraduate students from 10 randomly selected U.S. universities.
Undergraduate students from U.S. universities
When is logistic regression used for finding a regression equation?
When the response variable is a dummy variable.
To monitor the population of Herring in Manchester, New Hampshire, fisheries biologists catch samples of the fish in a river at various locations determined by a computer randomization program. Does this sampling plan result in a random sample? Simple random sample?
Yes; yes
Find the indicated probability. Round your answer to 6 decimal places when necessary. A die with 6 sides is rolled. What is the probability of rolling a number less than 5?
2/3
A researcher consented 75 subjects, but 15 dropped out of the study while it was still in progress. What was the sample attrition rate?
20%
Identify the type of observational study: cross-sectional, retrospective, or prospective. A researcher from the department of defense is studying the psychology of trauma.He plans to follow the children of service members who died in Afghanistan for the next 20 years.
Prospective
Find the indicated probability. Round your answer to 6 decimal places when necessary. If a person is randomly selected, find the probability that his or her birthday is in May. Ignore leap years.
31/365
Which choice displays the best graphic display of the amount of nitrous oxide (NO) explained by the amount of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions in million metric tons over a ten year period in the United States? The data set is below: CO563857085893580758815939602460325946602 NO 351 349 345 339 3353 353 362 713 376 384
Nitrous Oxide (NO) and Carbon Monoxide (CO)Emissions in the U.S. over Ten Years
The prices (in dollars) of 12 outpatient services are listed below. Find the range for the given sample data.865 1010 655 565 1465 1110710 765 820 1310 555 1065
$910
Based on the scatterplot, select the most likely value of the linear correlation coefficient r.
-1
Express the indicated degree of likelihood as a probability value. "Your father could not have died two years before you were born."
0
Express the indicated degree of likelihood as a probability value."Your mother could not have died two years before you were born."
0
Find the indicated probability. Round your answer to 6 decimal places when necessary. The probability that Luis will pass his statistics test is 0.39. Find the probability that he will fail his statistics test.
0.61
The histogram below represents the number of digital thermometers per household for a sample of U.S. households. What is the sample size?
100 households
A researcher conducting a study to examine relationships among age, gender, driver's license suspension, zip code, poverty, educational level, and income, sourced from the records of the State Department of Motor Vehicles, is using which type of research?
Correlational research
Determine whether the given values are from a discrete or a continuous data set. The Produce for Better Health Foundation manages the campaign advocating consumers to eat "5 Fruits and Vegetables A Day for Better Health" and gathers data on the number of servings of fruit and vegetables that a sample of Americans ate yesterday
Discrete
Large amounts of quantitative data are difficult to analyze without some kind of organization. A table into which the data are sorted into 'classes' is called a :
Histogram
Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. Biologists measure the water temperature of the Merrimack River in New Hampshire.
Interval
Suppose we want to test the claim that less than ½ of Americans support a national health insurance system. Is the hypothesis test left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed?
Left-tailed
A state Senator's comments about the dangers of global warming are an example of what type of variable. a. Numerical variable b.categorial variable c. neither
Neither
Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter. In studying the loggerhead turtle on Anna Maria Island, FL, scientists observe the average (mean) number of hatchlings in all 253 nests.
Parameter
Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter. Nurses measure and calculate the average (mean) body temperature for all 187 patients at a regional hospital.
Parameter
Determine which of the four levels of measurement is most appropriate. Doctors measure the weights (in pounds) of pregnant women
Ratio
Use the information below to answer the following question(s). In a certain region, a researcher found that among 2000 people who survived to their 66th birthday, there were 40 deaths before they reached age 67. Use Table 14-1 and a significance level of 0.05 to test the claim that this is an unusually high number of deaths
Reject H0
Determine the type of sampling used: systematic, convenience, stratified, or cluster. A county water quality control officer obtains a list of all residential addresses in the county and constructs a sample of homes to monitor by selecting every 200th home on the list.
Systematic
Of the mean, median, and mode, which is (are) affected by outliers?
The mean only
Formulate the indicated conclusion in nontechnical terms. Be sure to address the original claim. Carter Motor Company claims that its new sedan, the Libra, will average better than 32 miles per gallon in the city. Assuming that a hypothesis test of the claim has been conducted and that the conclusion is to reject the null hypothesis, state the conclusion in nontechnical terms.
There is sufficient evidence to support the claim that the mean is greater than 32 miles per gallon.
To assess the variation in volume (in cubic centimeters) of different manufacturers' pre-filled hormone injections, reproductive biologists select every 50th syringe beginning at a random moment. Does this sampling plan result in a random sample? Simple random sample?
Yes; no
A pediatric nurse, who has worked on the inpatient unit for 7 years, is enrolled in a master's program. The nurse notes that children who are homeless and who are admitted to the inpatient setting seem to have longer lengths of hospital stay, appear to have poorer verbal skills. The nurse designs a study to measure these variables in homeless children, and to compare the findings with the average patients on the same unit. What are the dependent variables for this study?
a and b
Determine whether the given value is a statistic or a parameter. A sample of Medtronic's rechargeable implanted spine stimulator batteries lasted an average (mean) of nine years.
b. Statistic
Which of these is an example of a categorical variable?
flavor of soft drink ordered by each customer at a fast food restaurant
In a cross-sectional study, data are _______________
observed, measured, and collected at one point of time
A(n) ________ is a point lying far away from other data points on a scatterplot
outlier
The P-value is the probability of getting a test statistic at least as extreme as the one representing the sample data, assuming that ___
the null hypothesis is true
Use the frequency distribution below to answer the following question(s). A sample of 80 juvenile salmon is grouped into the resulting frequency distribution based on their weights. Weight (in grams) Frequency 100-149 15 150-199 10 200-249 30 250-299 25 If a relative frequency distribution were constructed for the weights of the salmon, what would be the relative frequency for the class weighing 150-199 grams
12.5%
The weights (in pounds) of 22 members of the junior varsity football team are listed below. 144 152 142 151 160 152 131 164 141 153 140 144 175 156 147 133 172 159 135 159 148 171 Which of these choices displays the correct stemplot?
13 1 3 5 14 0 1 2 4 4 7 8 15 1 2 2 3 6 9 9 16 0 4 17 1 2 5
Use the frequency distribution below to answer the following question(s). A sample of 80 juvenile salmon is grouped into the resulting frequency distribution based on their weights. Weight (in grams) Frequency 100-149 15 150-199 10 200-249 30 250-299 25 if a pie chart were constructed for the weights of the salmon, what would be the measure of the central angle for the class weighing 200-249 grams?
135°
Find the median for the given sample data.The number of vehicles passing through a bank drive-up line during each 15-minute period was recorded. The results are shown below. Find the median number of vehicles going through the line in a fifteen-minute period.
25
The number of moles on patients' bodies was recorded. The results are shown below. Find the median number of moles on patients' bodies. 25 27 25 2828 25 30 2735 31 31 2924 31 25 2015 27 27 27
27 moles
The following data show the number of patients seen by a doctor in a day for twelve days. 46 65 55 43 51 48 57 30 43 49 32 56 Which of these choices displays the correct stemplot?
3 0 2 4 3 3 6 8 9 5 1 5 6 7 6 5
Find the indicated probability. Round your answer to 6 decimal places when necessary. A bag contains 6 red marbles, 3 blue marbles, and 5 green marbles. If a marble is randomly selected from the bag, what is the probability that it is blue?
3/14
Find the indicated probability. Round your answer to 6 decimal places when necessary. A bag contains 5 red marbles, 4 blue marbles, and 1 green marble. What is the probability of choosing a marble that is not blue?
3/5
In a poll of randomly selected adults, 66% said that they worry about getting cancer. For a group of 1013 adults, the mean of those who do not worry about getting cancer is closest to:
344 adults
A nurse measured the blood pressure of each person who visited her clinic. Following is a relative-frequency histogram for the systolic blood pressure readings for those people aged between 25 and 40 years. The blood pressure readings were given to the nearest whole number. Approximately what percentage of the people aged 25-40 had a systolic blood pressure reading between 110 and 119 mm Hg inclusive? Systolic Blood Pressure for People Aged 25-40 Years
35%
The following frequency distribution represents the age at which Alzheimer's was first diagnosed. Find the class midpoint for the interval 70-79. Age Number of Diagnoses 50-59 2 60-69 4 70-79 6 80-89 15 90-99 5
74.5 years
A nurse measured the blood pressure of each person who visited her clinic. Following is a relative-frequency histogram for the systolic blood pressure readings for those people aged between 25 and 40 years. The blood pressure readings were given to the nearest whole number. Approximately what percentage of the people aged 25-40 had a systolic blood pressure reading between 110 and 139 mm Hg inclusive? Systolic Blood Pressure for People Aged 25-40 Years
75%
Determine whether the given description corresponds to an observational study or an experiment. In a study of cold symptoms, the body temperatures of study participants were taken.
Observational study
Identify the type of observational study: cross-sectional, retrospective, or prospective. Scientists studying the migration habits of Aleutian geese collect data from reports measuring the number of geese during "fly-offs" over the past 15 years.
Retrospective