Structural Loads and Systems

List four pieces of information you would expect to find in the general notes portion of structural plans.

1. Material Specifications 2. Installation Instructions 3. Design Criteria/Loads 4. Construction Requirements

Match the items with the figure correct terminology

A. Parapet B. Gable C. Ridge D. Valley E. Hip F. Eaves G. Dormer

The Stadium Suites building plans are divided into seven sections based on the design disciplines and/or the systems within the building. List four of the sections.

Architectural Structural Mechanical Electrical Plumbing

What connection is this

Bolted Moment Connection

What is the name and purpose of the line in the concrete indicated with the arrow?

Control Join - Concrete naturally shrinks as it cures, leading to cracks. The control joint creates a weakened plane in the slab, encouraging cracks to form in a controlled and predictable manner rather than randomly across the surface.

What's in a calculation package

Design Criteria, Gravity load-resisting system documentation, Lateral force-resisting system

True or False: A barn is an example of a risk category 3 building.

False - A barn is typically a Risk Category 1 structure since it has low risk to human life in case of failure. Risk Category 3 includes buildings with substantial hazard to human life (e.g., large public assembly buildings, power plants, etc.).

True or False: A reliability index of 0.3 is a good rule of thumb for evaluating structural safety.

False - A reliability index (β) of 0.3 is extremely low and indicates a very high probability of failure. In structural engineering, a β of 2.5 to 3.5 is generally considered acceptable for typical buildings.

True or False: A section drawing shows the outside of a building

False - A section drawing shows a cut-through view of a building, revealing internal structural and architectural details, not just the outside.

True or False: The ASCE 7 load combinations are the same for wood structures and concrete structures.

False - ASCE 7 load combinations vary based on the material used because different materials have different behaviors and safety considerations.

True or False: In a typical floor framing layout girders have shorter spans than beams.

False - Girders typically span longer distances than beams because they carry the loads from beams.

True or False: A library is an example of a Risk category IV structure. I True False Transient loads have larger load factors because they produce the largest loads.

False - Libraries are generally Risk Category III structures, while Risk Category IV structures are critical facilities like hospitals and emergency response centers.

True or False: Live loads are reduced in some situations because they cause vibrations that affect the structural capacity.

False - Live load reduction is permitted in some cases not because of vibration effects, but because statistically, the full design live load is unlikely to be applied simultaneously over large areas.

True or False: The live load element factor is equal to the influence area divided by the tributary area.

False - The live load element factor is based on statistical considerations and does not equal the influence area divided by the tributary area.

True or False: The rationale behind live load reduction is that live loads create dynamic response in a structure which results in lower load than the static forces.

False - The rationale for live load reduction is based on the probability that not all areas will experience full load simultaneously, not due to dynamic response.

True or False: Over 50% of the pages in ASCE 7 focus on seismic loads

False - While ASCE 7 covers seismic loads extensively, it also includes provisions for wind, snow, rain, and other loads. Seismic loads do not take up over 50% of the document.

True or False: The influence area of a column is typically about the same as its tributary area.

False - the influence area of a column is typically larger than its tributary area. The influence area for columns is generally considered to be four times the tributary area.

What is the name and purpose of the nuts (marked with the arrow) placed directly below the baseplate?

Leveling nuts - Ensures Even Bearing: By adjusting the nuts, the baseplate can be leveled to avoid uneven bearing that could lead to stress concentrations and structural issues.

Mark the terms below that describe structural members that carry loads through flexural action (i.e., through internal shear and moment). Hint: A beam carries loads through flexural action

Spandrel Joist Lintel Double-tee Purlin Stringer Header Girder Transom

True or False: A 0.9 load factor is applied to the dead load in some load combinations because, in certain situations, the dead load can increase structural capacity.

True - A 0.9 load factor is applied to dead load in some LRFD load combinations because dead load may provide stabilizing effects (e.g., resisting uplift in wind or seismic conditions).

True or False: The ASCE 7 load combinations are based on worst-case yet reasonable scenarios.

True - ASCE 7 load combinations are designed to account for worst-case but realistic scenarios.

True or False: ASCE 7-16 is an example of an engineering standard.

True - ASCE 7-16 is an engineering standard that provides guidelines for loads and design criteria.

True or False: Engineering can be defined as using simplified models that provide reasonable answers.

True - Engineering often involves using simplified models to approximate real-world behavior within acceptable limits.

True or False: Variation in material strengths is one of the items accounted for by load factors.

True - Load factors account for uncertainties like material strength variation and load unpredictability.

True or False: Membranes, tensegrity, and shells are examples of specialty structural systems mentioned in the class notes

True - Membranes, tensegrity, and shells are considered specialty structural systems, often used in innovative or lightweight structures.

True or False: Mid-rise is the most common height of buildings in the United States.

True - Mid-rise buildings (4-10 stories) are common in the U.S. due to their efficiency and zoning regulations.

True or False: Outriggers, outlookers, and ladders are terms used for repetitive framing members that support roof overhangs at gable ends.

True - Outriggers, outlookers, and ladders are framing components used in roof overhangs.

True or False: Structural analysis is typically an iterative process.

True - Structural analysis often requires multiple iterations to refine assumptions and improve accuracy.

True or False: The commentary portion of ASCE 7-16 gives additional information and context regarding the provisions portion

True - The commentary portion of ASCE 7-16 provides additional explanations and context to help understand the intent and application of the code provisions.

True or False: Two-way slabs typically have similar strength and stiffness in both directions.

True - Two-way slabs distribute loads more evenly, often having similar strength and stiffness in both directions.

What is this

dapped ends