Study Set #10

52. Bob meets with his subordinates on a regular basis to share concerns and information with the group. He takes their feedback but makes decisions on his own. According to the leadership decision tree, Bob has an) _____________ decision-making style. a. laissez-faire b. consultative c. group d. autocratic

(b) Medium/Analysis

28. Nelson is the manager of a marketing department in a medium sized company. Nelson has six employees reporting to him. In deciding the goals for the department for next quarter, Nelson is holding a meeting for employee input and direction. Nelson uses an) _________ style of decision making in the marketing department. a. authoritarian b. democratic c. laissez-faire d. supportive

(b) Medium/Application

44. Leaders who ensure their employees take part in decision making have an) _________________ leadership style. a. achievement-oriented b. supportive c. directive d. participative

(d) Medium/Comprehension

Whitt Company made a substantial monetary offer to Bob to leave his design job at Lincoln Industries and come to work at Whitt. The Whitt CEO, on hearing some complaints from members of the Whitt Board of Directors about the size of Bob's pay package, responded, "Bob is one of the few people in the industry who really understands what the customer wants and can design it into the product." Bob has ____________ power.

Expert

The global leadership and organizational behavior effectiveness project GLOBE found, thus far, that there are no universal traits that are desirable or undesirable in a leader. 1) True 2) False

False

While a firm's physical layout impacts motivation and job satisfaction, it does little to convey company culture. (T/F)

False

What group-related phenomenon would the critic on a team help to guard against?

Groupthink

Which of the following statements regarding leadership and ethics is accurate? People in positions of authority are influential in driving others to ethical or unethical behaviors. Ethics is a matter of organizational culture rather than leadership style. The contingency theories of leadership are explicit in noting the important role that ethics play in effective leadership. Ethical behaviors are a central component to transactional leadership theory.

People in positions of authority are influential in driving others to ethical or unethical behaviors.

Which of the following is an example of external communication?

Press release

A

Rodney is a new project team leader. Jerome is chatting with him about some of the problems that could arise and prevent his team from being successful. Jerome offers which of the following pieces of advice to overcome barriers to team success? A. Floundering often results from a lack of clear goals; clarify goals from the outset of the project. B. Disagreements among team members may be the result of long simmering personality conflicts; it's not helpful to get involved in these disputes as it may just make it worse. C. Dominant personalities can only help a group; let those that are the most vocal have their say. D. Poor performance by a group member is probably due to lack of commitment; best to let those members go.

Communication Process

Sender: originator of the message Encoding: translating the idea into words Medium: way that the sender's message is conveyed (spoken, written, signs) Receiver: person who received message Decoding: assigns meaning to the words Noise: anything that interferes with or distorts the message being transformed

False

T/F: Three key traits associated positively with leadership are: integrity, conscientiousness and introversion.

production, idea generation, problem-solving

Team tasks include __________ tasks, ________ tasks and _____________ tasks.

Alcoa Corporation's headquarters facility has a minimal number of traditional offices with four walls and a door. The elevators on each floor are located at the ends of the long corridors in out-of-the-way alcoves. An open-air escalator runs in the center of the building. Workers largely are seated in low-walled cubicles. Copy machines and other office equipment are centrally located on each floor. This physical layout encourages what kind of culture?

Team-based

B

The SCAMPER framework offers the options to spur creativity using ________ put to other uses, eliminate, rearrange. A. submit, change, adjust, manipulate B. substitute, combine, adapt, modify C. sweeten, combine, adjust, magnify D. submit, change, alter, minimize

B

The creativity level evaluation factor of fluency refers to A. how different the ideas are from one another. B. the number of ideas a person is able to generate. C. how unique a person's ideas are. D. the set number of ideas a group must reach.

Which of the following statements about the creative decision-making model is accurate?

The dynamic nature of today's organizations, including structural changes and cost cutting, have driven creativity in the business.

C

The firm pays above average wages to its employees. Each employee is given at least two weeks of vacation and any time family matters arise and time is needed, flexible arrangements are made to facilitate the employee. Each Thanksgiving, a turkey is provided to each employee, $25 gift certificates are given for the Christmas holiday, and during the summer, the firm pays for each employee and one other individual to attend an expense-paid day at the local amusement park. This firm seems to be an _________ company. A. outcome-oriented B. service-oriented C. people-oriented D. team-oriented

Which of the following statements regarding the organization's role in onboarding and orientation activities is accurate?

The speed with which new employees learn the company's culture is strongly influenced by the support of supervisors and managers.

Which of the statements regarding research on House's path-goal theory is correct?

The theory's greatest contribution is the importance of the leader's ability to change styles depending on the circumstances.

D

The two broad categories of leader behaviors are A. task-oriented and authority-oriented structures. B. task-oriented and initiating structures. C. people-oriented and authority-oriented structures. D. task-oriented and people-oriented structures.

Research shows that individuals who lived near stairwells in dorms were the most well liked people in those dorms because they were seen most often by everyone who was coming and going. This is an example of the personal appeal influence tactic.

True

Research suggests that on average, the leadership style recommended by Vroom and Yetton's decision tree model tends to make more effective decisions compared to leaders using a style not recommended.

True

Servant leaders put their employees first. 1) True 2) False

True

Servant leaders put their employees first. (T/F)

True

Transformational Leaders use charisma, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration to influence individuals and create commitment to company goals.

True

Which statement regarding global leader characteristics is correct? In Western and Latin cultures, leaders who speak in a monotonous voice convey the ability to control emotions. Universally, people feel that honesty, trustworthiness and fairness are related to leadership effectiveness. Transactional leaders are found to be the most influential leaders around the world. There is no universal agreement on characteristics viewed as undesirable in leaders.

Universally, people feel that honesty, trustworthiness and fairness are related to leadership effectiveness.

D

When rolling out a change like unlimited vacation time, it's important to mitigate the concerns of A. customers who are afraid the product will change. B. suppliers who have a different vacation system. C. investors who never take vacation. D. employees who have worked at the organization for a long time and accrued vacation time.

B

Which of the following statements regarding ethics and teams is accurate? A. Research demonstrates that hierarchical systems always constrain team members more than a self- managed team does. B. Self-managed teams are viewed as a technique to overcome the negative aspects of bureaucracy. C. Team pressure is often less powerful than managerial control. D. Team pressure is unlikely to result in unethical behavior by team members.

A

Whitt Company made a substantial monetary offer to Bob to leave his design job at Lincoln Industries and come to work at Whitt. The Whitt CEO, on hearing some complaints from members of the Whitt Board of Directors about the size of Bob's pay package, responded, "Bob is one of the few people in the industry who really understands what the customer wants and can design it into the product." Bob has ____________ power. A. expert B. legitimate C. referent D. legitimate

D

Who is most responsible for making strategic decisions? A. Managers B. Engineers C. Low-level employees D. CEOs, executives, boards of directors

organization structure

__________________ refers to how individual work and team work are coordinated within an organization.

Pooled interdependence, reciprocal interdependence

_____________________ is where team members work independently on items and then combine their efforts for a final product while __________________ is where team members work on each task simultaneously.

A statement of purpose describing who a company is and what it does is

a mission statement.

9. Being affable, tolerant, sensitive, trusting, kind and warm is a. agreeableness. b. extraversion. c. conscientiousness. d. openness.

a)

42. Maurice is a manager in the production area of a large manufacturing firm. He sets a tight production schedule every day and makes certain each employee knows what job he is performing that day and how to perform it. Maurice has a ____________ leadership style. a. directive b. supportive c. participative d. achievement-oriented

a) Difficult/Application

38. Michael is the United Way pledge leader for his department. He gets along quite well with his coworkers. His pledge leader duties, with regard to specific steps to follow in asking coworkers for pledges and how to collect and report them, are clearly laid out for him in a United Way brochure. Which LPC style is best for this scenario? a. Low LPC leaders are effective. b. High LPC leaders are effective. c. Medium LPC leaders are effective. d. Either low or high LPC leaders will be effective.

a) Difficult/Synthesis

1. The earliest approach to the study of leadership was a. the trait approach. b. the behavioral approach. c. the transactional approach. d. the transformational approach.

a) Easy/Comprehension

63. Servant leadership a. is a leadership approach that defines the leader's role as serving the needs of others. b. refers to effective leaders who stay true to themselves. c. is leading employees by aligning employee goals with the leader's goals. d. involves structuring the roles of subordinates, providing them with instructions, and behaving in ways that will increase the performance of the group.

a) Easy/Knowledge

30. Nancy argues with Janet over every work project and generally does not want to be assigned to work with her. Yet, Nancy thinks Janet is a very nice person and enjoys her company at social outings. a. Nancy would have a low least preferred coworker score. b. Nancy would have a high least preferred coworker score. c. Nancy would have a midrange least preferred coworker score. d. Nancy would not have a least preferred coworker score.

b) Difficult/Application

37. Karli is the designated leader of a class project group. She gets along well with the group members but often is not sure exactly what she should do to assist her group in producing a high-quality project. Which LPC style is best for this scenario? a. Low LPC leaders are effective. b. High LPC leaders are effective. c. Medium LPC leaders are effective. d. Either low or high LPC leaders will be effective.

b) Difficult/Synthesis

24. People-oriented behaviors include a. providing employees instructions. b. treating employees with respect. c. structuring employee roles. d. planning for increased employee performance.

b) Medium/Comprehension

54. Which one of the following traits is NOT a tool that transformational leaders use to influence employees and create commitment to the company goals? a. charisma b. management by exception c. intellectual stimulation d. inspirational motivation

b) Medium/Comprehension

18. Which of the following is not a key trait associated with leadership? a. High conscientiousness b. High introversion c. High intelligence d. High integrity

b) Medium/Synthesis

Which of the following statements regarding intelligence is accurate? a. One's intelligence is the strongest predictor of leadership performance. b. People with high mental abilities are more likely to be viewed as leaders in their environment. c. Effective leaders tend to have high emotional intelligence, but mental intelligence has no effect on leadership effectiveness. d. EQ matters for entry into the high level managerial ranks, but once there, EQ is less effective since all others at that level also possess high EQ.

b. People with high mental abilities are more likely to be viewed as leaders in their environment.

Which of the following is an example of a Big 5 Personality trait?

b. extraversion (The Big Five personality traits are: 1) extroversion 2) conscientiousness 3) emotional stability 4) openness to experience 5) agreeableness)

56. Malcolm is the manager of his department. After performance evaluations, he gives those who have met their goals for the year a pay raise. He gives his employees their assignments and leaves them to do their work but does monitor them so that if he notices a potential problem, it gets resolved before causing difficulties. What kind of contemporary leadership style is Malcolm demonstrating? a. directive leadership b. transformational leadership c. transactional leadership d. laissez-faire leadership

c) Difficult/Application

25. Research findings of leader behaviors suggest a. when leaders are task oriented, employees are more satisfied. b. task oriented behaviors tend to be more effective in large companies. c. extremely high levels of leader task-oriented behaviors may lead to burnout in employees. d. employees who work under people oriented leaders are more productive.

c) Difficult/Evaluation

49. Which of the statements regarding research on House's path-goal theory is correct? a. House's theory suggests that the leader's style is fixed and the environment changes. b. The theory has been fully tested and verified. c. The theory's greatest contribution is the importance of the leader's ability to change styles depending on the circumstances. d. House's theory is based upon goal-setting theory.

c) Difficult/Evaluation

3. All of the following are examples of the Big 5 Personality traits EXCEPT a. openness. b. extraversion. c. intelligence. d. agreeableness.

c) Easy/Comprehension

33. Situational favorableness includes all of the following conditions EXCEPT a. leader-subordinate relations. b. position power. c. motivation level. d. task structure.

c) Easy/Comprehension

23. Task-oriented behaviors are also called a. authoritarianism. b. consideration. c. initiating structure d. laissez-faire.

c) Easy/Knowledge

69. Which of the following statement regarding leadership and other cultures is INCORRECT? a. Ninety-eight percent of all leadership studies have been completed in the United States. b. The applicability of leadership theories to other cultures is uncertain. c. Only decisiveness is a universal leadership trait. d. Given the differences between cultures, a sensitivity to those differences and the ability to adapt style to circumstances are needed in global leaders.

c) Medium/Analysis

68. Which of the following statements regarding leadership and ethics is INCORRECT? a. People in positions of authority are influential in driving others to ethical or unethical behaviors. b. Leaders with high levels of moral development create more ethical organizational climates. c. The contingency theories of leadership are explicit in noting the important role that ethics play in effective leadership. d. The level of ethical leadership shown is related to a willingness to report job related problems to the leader.

c) Medium/Evaluation

46. In which scenario would directive leadership be most effective? a. when employees have low role ambiguity b. when employees have high abilities c. when employees have an internal locus of control d. when employees have an external locus of control

d) Difficult/Evaluation

10. Extraversion is a. being curious, original, intellectual, creative and open to new ideas. b. being organized, systematic, punctual, achievement oriented and dependable. c. being affable, tolerant, sensitive, trusting, kind and warm. d. being outgoing, talkative, sociable, and enjoying social situations.

d) Easy/Knowledge

21. The two broad categories of leader behaviors are a. task-oriented and authority-oriented structures. b. task-oriented and initiating structures. c. people-oriented and authority-oriented structures. d. task-oriented and people-oriented structures.

d) Easy/Knowledge

27. In democratic decision making a. leaders leave employees alone to make decisions. b. the leader provides minimum guidance and involvement in the decision. c. leaders make the decision alone without necessarily involving employees in the decision making process. d. employees participate in the making of the decision.

d) Easy/Knowledge

17. Which of the following statements regarding self-esteem and leadership is INCORRECT? a. Leaders with high self esteem support their subordinates more than leaders with lower self esteem. b. Research shows a strong relationship between height and being viewed as a leader which may be accounted for by self-esteem. c. Those with high self esteem have high self confidence which may affect the image perceived by followers. d. Leaders with high self esteem punish their subordinates less effectively, when such punishment is due, than do leaders with lower self esteem.

d) Medium/Analysis

61. All of the following are consequences of a high leader-member exchange relationship EXCEPT a. job satisfaction. b. lower turnover. c. organizational commitment. d. effort in building good relationships.

d) Medium/Analysis

65. Servant leaders a. put themselves first. b. make their overriding goal getting their employees to contribute to the community. c. make their primary mission high-level personal achievement. d. feel an obligation to their employees, customers and the larger community.

d) Medium/Analysis

12. Nick's roommate is attending a networking event for his business fraternity this weekend. He says, "Nick, you are so good at going up to someone and starting a conversation. You always seem to know what to do and what to say. You never seem awkward and you can talk to anyone about anything. I want to handle this networking event well—give me some tips." Nick seems to be very a. agreeable. b. conscientious. c. narcissistic. d. extraverted.

d) Medium/Application

50. The leadership decision tree a. focuses on a static leadership style. b. focuses on leader emergence. c. focuses on an adaptive leadership style. d. leads to the determination of how much involvement leaders should seek in making decisions.

d) Medium/Comprehension

45. An achievement-oriented leader a. makes sure employees are involved in decision making. b. provides directions for his employees. c. provides emotional support to employees. d. sets goals for employees and encourages them to reach their goals.

d) Medium/Knowledge

59. Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about leader-member exchange LMX) theory? a. High LMX relationships involve an active dislike between the leader and member. b. In high LMX relationships, the leader has a trust-based relationship with the member. c. In high LMX relationships, both leader and member go above and beyond their job descriptions to assist the other party in succeeding. d. In low LMX relationships, the leader does his job and the member does his.

(a) Difficult/Evaluation

51. According to the leadership decision tree, a leader who makes a decision alone using available information has an) a. autocratic decision-making style. b. consultative decision-making style. c. group decision-making style. d. laissez-faire decision-making style.

(a) Medium/Analysis

Filtering

-Distortion or withholding of information to manage a person's reactions -Prevents members of an org from getting a complete picture of reality -It helps to rewards employees who clearly convey info

To satisfice is to:

Accept the first alternative that meets your general criteria.

B

At Walt Disney World, guests staying at The Grand Floridian Resort and Spa find thick white terrycloth robes hanging in the cupboard when they arrive in the room. The cleaning staff do not just place washcloths in the bath area; they form the washcloths into animals and arrange them on the vanity ready for a photograph. At night mints appear on the pillows and when the beds are made in the morning, any plush animals children have purchased or brought from home will be arranged in an entertaining formation on the finished bed. These examples suggest that Walt Disney Company is _______________. A. people-oriented. B. detail-oriented. C. team-oriented. D. outcome-oriented.

Lack of Source Familiarity or Credibility

Can derail communications, especially when humor is involved Feedback coming from a trustworthy source will have more value compared to feedback coming from someone who is not trusted

A group where there is a great deal of camaraderie is a group experiencing:

Cohesion

Which of the following is a key property of a team?

Collaborative action

When a target agrees to a request and actively supports it, the target's response is

Commitment

Which of the following statements about communication is correct?

Communication is the process by which information is exchanged between individuals, through a common system of symbols, signs or behavior.

People-oriented behaviors are also called

Consideration

Because the________ role involves gathering info from the larger organization and informing those within the organization about team goals, activities and success, it is often filled by the team manager

Consul

Mark works as the frozen food manager in a major grocery store chain. When his stock of two-pound bags of frozen shrimp gets down to two cases, he e-mails his warehouse to send ten cases to restock. The "automated" ordering of ten cases when supply gets to two cases in the store is called a(n)

Decision rule

The department managers for Zylog Corp are meeting for a budget meeting. Of the marketing manager gets the 6% increase he is requesting, the human resource manager will not get any increase in his department budget. This is an example of what kind of negotiation strategy?

Distributive approach "piece of the pie"

A

Eduardo is the new manager of Great Corporation. He is sitting at his desk and writing down a list of steps that he can follow to create and maintain a cohesive work group. Which of the following would appear on that list? A. Celebrate differences so each individual's contribution is noticed. B. Give praise sparingly; if it is given too often, it loses its luster. C. Focus on supporting the "best and brightest" in the group. D. Set goals for group members to reduce competition or feelings of jealousy.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the dimensions of culture?

Employees tend to stay longer in people-oriented cultures.

Which of the following statements regarding communication ethics is true?

Ethical, forthright communication by an organization should occur internally as well as externally

Experts make decisions in the intuitive decision-making models based on

Experience

C

Experts propose that creativity occurs as a result of the interaction between all of the following factors EXCEPT A. situational context like physical structure. B. personality traits like risk-taking. C. serendipity or luck. D. attributes like expertise.

The Big 5 personality trait ___________ has the strongest relationship to both leader emergence and leader effectiveness.

Extraversion

All effective leaders are extraverts. 1) True 2) False

False

Creativity is the interaction between personality traits, attributes, and serendipity. (T/F)

False

Decision trees are helpful in avoiding errors due to overconfidence bias. (T/F)

False

Emotional intelligence helps an individual attain the management ranks, but once there, mental intelligence becomes important. 1) True 2) False

False

If a variety of knowledge, skills, and abilities is needed, if feedback from different organizational groups is needed, if tasks are largely independent, and if wide cooperation is needed to achieve mutual goals, then a team is needed (T/F)

False

People are always interested in making an optimal decision. (T/F)

False

People in positions of authority are influential in driving people to ethical behaviors but not unethical behaviors. 1) True 2) False

False

People in positions of authority are influential in driving people to ethical behaviors but not unethical behaviors. (T/F)

False

Power distribution is usually not visible in organizations. (T/F)

False

Programmed decisions are unique, creative decisions. (T/F)

False

Studies suggest that sometimes replacing a hierarchy with self-managing teams decreases control over individual workers (T/F)

False

The nominal group technique involves using written responses to a series of questionnaires instead of physically bringing individuals together to make a decision. (T/F)

False

The rational decision-making model limits the number of alternatives considered. (T/F)

False

Using any form of flattery in an appeal is an example of the exchange influence tactic. (T/F)

False

When employees have high abilities and high achievement motivation, the directive leadership style is best. (T/F)

False

Research on Fiedler's Contingency Theory indicates which of the following?

Fiedler's theory is important because it recognizes the importance of the leadership context.

If two marketing groups within a firm's marketing department are vying against each other for a larger percentage of the budget, which option could the marketing manager consider that would be MOST effective in managing conflict?

Focus the attention of the two groups on a common "enemy" such as another firm that they compete with for business

A

For abusive leaders, research has found a correlation between their negative behavior with employees to their A. ability or lack thereof to regulation their emotions. B. inability to get attention. C. ability to get control of the situation. D. desire to command authority.

Research shows that when managers are dealing with conflict they prefer which conflict handling style?

Forcing

Which of the following communication channels has the lowest information richness?

Formal written documents

The tendency for decision makers to be influenced by the way that a situation or problem is presented is

Framing bias

The investigation phase of the negotiation process involves:

Gathering information

What is the most challenging or difficult step in the rational decision-making process?

Generate alternatives

Which of the following statements is correct with regard to the forming stage of group development?

Group members are trying to learn about one another

Karli is the designated leader of a class project group. She gets along well with the group members but often is not sure exactly what she should do to assist her group in producing a high-quality project. Which LPC style is best for this scenario?

High LPC

Karli is the designated leader of a class project group. She gets along well with the group members but often is not sure exactly what she should do to assist her group in producing a high-quality project. Which LPC style is best for this scenario? Low LPC High LPC Medium LPC Either low or high LPC

High LPC

Sara's laptop started causing her problems. It was taking a long time to boot up, and froze unexpectedly a number of times. Now the laptop has shut down completely and she cannot get it started up again. One of the group members on her project said to Sara, "You should have gone for help when it started acting up, now you've affected all of us." This scenario is an example of what type of decision-making trap?

Hindsight bias

A

If jobs are boring and repetitive or tasks are stressful, the ________ style of leadership is most effective. A. supportive B. achievement oriented C. directive D. participative

Verbal communication should be used when

Immediate feedback is needed

The BATNA is:

Important to assisting you in deciding whether to accept an offer or not

Which of the following statements about nonverbal cues is accurate

In some countries, like the U.S, direct eye contact conveys trustworthiness

Which of the following is a positive outcome of conflict in the organization?

Increased creativity

Which of the following statements is true regarding the attraction-selection-attrition ASA process?

Individuals self-select the companies for which they choose to work.

Access to specific knowledge or skills is _______________ power.

Information

Which one of the following traits is a tool that transformational leaders use to influence employees and create commitment to the company goals? Autocratic leader behaviors Management by exception Intellectual stimulation Inspirational charisma

Intellectual stimulation

Which of the following statements regarding decision-making styles in other cultures is correct?

Japanese managers using consensus decision making implement those decisions much faster than other cultures.

C

Leaders who hold a position of authority and utilize the power that comes from their position as well as personal power to influence others are called A. informal leaders. B. transformational leaders. C. formal leaders. D. charismatic leaders.

Which of the following statements regarding self-esteem and leadership is accurate? Leaders with high self-esteem support their subordinates more than leaders with lower self esteem. Research shows a strong relationship between weight and being viewed as a leader which may be accounted for by self-esteem. Those with high self-esteem have low self-confidence which may affect the image perceived by followers. Leaders with high self-esteem punish their subordinates less effectively, when such punishment is due, than do leaders with lower self-esteem.

Leaders with high self-esteem support their subordinates more than leaders with lower self esteem.

B

Mark works as the frozen food manager in a major grocery store chain. When his stock of two-pound bags of frozen shrimp gets down to two cases, he e-mails his warehouse to send ten cases to restock. The "automated" ordering of ten cases when supply gets to two cases in the store is called a(n) A. consensus decision. B. decision rule. C. alternative. D. anchor.

A unique, non-routine, important decision requiring conscious thinking, information gathering, and careful consideration of alternatives is a(n)

Non-programmed decision

Claudia is a salesperson with a major department store chain that is currently running a "secret coupon sale." The program allows the salesperson to randomly award a savings coupon to any shopper of the salesperson's choice. Who the salesperson chooses to award the coupon to is a(n)

Operational decision

Storytelling is an effective form of communication for which of the following situations

Orienting new employees to the company's culture

Which of the following pieces of advice is a tip to improve your listening habits?

Paraphrase the speaker's points to ensure you understand

Which of the following statements regarding power distance and teams is correct?

People in high power distance countries expect unequal power distribution in the social, political and economic areas

Which of the following is an individual antecedent of political behavior?

Political skill

Situational favorableness includes which of the following conditions?

Position power

Situational favorableness includes which of the following conditions? Leader-leader relations Position power Motivation level People structure

Position power

Which of the following statements regarding power distribution research is accurate?

Power distribution is visible in organizations.

Which of the following is the correct order of the phases in the creative decision-making model?

Problem identification, immersion, incubation, illumination, verification and application.

task-oriented behaviors, people-oriented behaviors

Researchers at the Ohio State University and the University of Michigan found that there are two broad categories of behaviors related to leadership; they are __________ and ____________.

A well-known Fortune 500 CEO dresses up in a different outlandish costume each year for his presentation during the annual stockholder meeting. The presentation is broadcasted to all divisions and offices of the firm and employees enthusiastically view the proceedings. This scenario is an example of what visual element of culture?

Rituals

Jared is a member of the engineering department in the manufacturing firm and also serves on the Strategy 2015 team, which is crafting an engineering strategy for the firm's future. He has a "Do not miss" meeting in the engineering department scheduled for Wednesday at 8 a.m. and just received an urgent email about a "Can't miss" meeting for the strategy group at 8:15 a.m. Wednesday morning. Jared is experiencing:

Role conflict

Which of the following is an example of intrapersonal conflict?

Role conflict

D

Self-managed teams A. increase the hierarchy in an organization. B. operate under goals provided by top level management and passed down through the chain of command. C. have an appointed leader, but can select individual team members. D. can be found at all levels in an organization.

Which of the following statements regarding ethics and teams is accurate?

Self-managed teams are viewed as a technique to overcome the negative aspects of bureaucracy

D

Servant leaders A. put themselves first. B. make their overriding goal getting their employees to contribute to the community. C. make their primary mission high-level personal achievement. D. feel an obligation to their employees, customers and the larger community.

Which of the following statements about emails is true?

Some companies are so concerned about the amount of emails their employees receive that they are instituting "no email fridays"

If the firm has a strict dress code policy in its employee handbook calling for male employees to wear "ties and white or light colored shirts, no pastels" and female employees to wear "dark skirts of knee length or below or dress slacks," the culture of the firm is likely

Stable.

Which of the following statements regarding the rational decision-making model is accurate?

Successful managers tend to be clear on what they want at the outset of the decision making process.

True

T/F: A firm's top management team often represents a variety of functional areas.

True

T/F: Groups with high group cohesion and high task commitment generally have high performance.

False

T/F: Hindsight bias is the opposite of framing bias.

False

T/F: Managers report using personal appeals most frequently with other managers and rational persuasion most frequently with subordinates.

True

T/F: The more diverse a team is with regard to expertise, gender, age, and background, the more likely the team is to avoid groupthink.

True

T/F: Transformational leaders use charisma, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration to influence individuals and create commitment to company goals.

False

T/F: Using any form of flattery in an appeal is an example of the exchange influence tactic.

C

Task-oriented behaviors are also called A. authoritarianism. B. consideration. C. initiating structure D. laissez-faire.

Semantics

The meaning of a word of phrase Jargon can be beneficial because it saves time, but can also be harmful because not everyone will know what you're trying to communicate

Jennifer has to decide which of two job offers she is going to choose. She begins her process by listing the key criteria she is looking for in a job including salary level, location, promotional opportunities, and so on. She then takes each job offer letter and carefully goes through each line assessing the offer in relationship to the criteria she has established. Jennifer is using which of decision-making model to choose her job?

The rational decision-making model

D

The tendency for decision makers to be influenced by the way that a situation or problem is presented is A. escalation of commitment. B. anchoring. C. overconfidence bias. D. framing bias.

Which of the following is a key characteristic of authentic leaders? They are afraid to act the way they are. They prioritize employee needs. They have no set priorities. They have high levels of personal integrity.

They have high levels of personal integrity.

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of authentic leaders?

They have no set priorities.

Malcolm is the manager of his department. After performance evaluations, he gives those who have met their goals for the year a pay raise. He gives his employees their assignments and leaves them to do their work but does monitor them so that if he notices a potential problem, it gets resolved before causing difficulties. What kind of contemporary leadership style is Malcolm demonstrating?

Transactional leadership

Malcolm is the manager of his department. After performance evaluations, he gives those who have met their goals for the year a pay raise. He gives his employees their assignments and leaves them to do their work but does monitor them so that if he notices a potential problem, it gets resolved before causing difficulties. What kind of contemporary leadership style is Malcolm demonstrating? Directive leadership Transformational leadership Transactional leadership Laissez-faire leadership

Transactional leadership

Communication fulfills three main organizational functions which are:

Transmitting Info Sharing emotions Coordination

A formal leader is one who holds a position of authority and may utilize the power that comes from that position as well as personal power to influence others. 1) True 2) False

True

A key finding from research completed on traits is that all traits are not equally effective in predicting leadership potential.(T/F)

True

Because the storming stage is a very chaotic one, many groups get stuck in that phase of group development (T/F)

True

Employees of abusive leaders are more likely to quit their jobs and experience higher levels of unhappiness and stress. 1) True 2) False

True

If your negotiation counterpart feels you are unfair or dishonest, he or she is less likely to make concessions (T/F)

True

Initiating structure refers to task-based leadership behaviors. 1) True 2) False

True

Managing conflict and engaging in effective negotiations are key factors for a successful organization (T/F)

True

Power is the ability to get things done the way you want them to be done. (T/F)

True

B

Unity of command refers to A. a centralized organizational structure. B. the situation in which each employee reports to a single manager. C. a matrix organizational structure. D. a strong organizational vision from executive leadership.

Direction of Communication

Upward to supervisor Laterally to a coworker Downward to a subordinate Diagonally to a different department

D

What is one way that organizational change may need to respond to an aging workforce? A. Lower the age for mandatory retirement B. Raise the age for mandatory retirement C. Force aging workers to document their activities D. Offer more flexible work situations like job sharing and flexible work hours

B

What is the first step in Lewin's model of planned change? A. Refreeze B. Unfreeze C. Assess D. Change

A

What is the first step in increasing the chances of success in effecting a cultural change? A. Creating a sense of urgency B. Role modeling C. Changing the reward system D. Changing key players

In which scenario would directive leadership be most effective? When employees have low role ambiguity. When employees have high abilities. When employees have an internal locus of control. When employees have an external locus of control.

When employees have an external locus of control.

D

Which group would be the most effective from a performance standpoint? A. A group with low task commitment and low group cohesion. B. A group with high group cohesion and low task commitment. C. A group with high task commitment and low group cohesion. D. A group with high group cohesion and high task commitment.

B

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Tim Cook as compared to Steve Jobs at Apple? A. Humble B. Craves the spotlight C. Values transparency D. Attentive to social issues

C

Which of the following is an unrealistic assumption made in the rational decision making model? A. People often don't understand the decision to be made. B. People know few of their available choices. C. People want to make optimal decisions. D. People have perceptual biases.

B

Which of the following statements about the creative decision-making model is accurate? A. Innovation is the generation of new, imaginative ideas. B. The dynamic nature of today's organizations, including structural changes and cost cutting, have driven creativity in the business. C. Problem identification is the last step in the creative decision making model. D. Innovation and creativity are the same process.

D

Which of the following statements regarding decision-making styles in other cultures is correct? A. Chinese managers value quicker decision making more than their American counterparts. B. Though they use consensus group decision making, the Japanese make much faster decisions than Dutch decision makers. C. Dutch managers tend to complete consensus decision making much more than their Japanese counterparts. D. Japanese managers using consensus decision making implement those decisions much faster than other cultures.

A

Which of the following statements regarding leadership and ethics is accurate? A. People in positions of authority are influential in driving others to ethical or unethical behaviors. B. Ethics is a matter of organizational culture rather than leadership style. C. The contingency theories of leadership are explicit in noting the important role that ethics play in effective leadership. D. Ethical behaviors are a central component to transactional leadership theory.

D

Which of the following statements regarding the Zimbardo study is correct? A. The experimental guards received training before they were told to keep order. B. The guards became abusive and aggressive, but the prisoners exhibited little reaction. C. Study participants refused to adapt to their roles. D. The Zimbardo study was ended early due to the participant's deep

A

Which of the following statements regarding the impact of national culture on the culture of domestic firms is correct? A. The harmonious culture of Japan is likely to lead to the establishment of more team-oriented corporate cultures in Japanese firms. B. The hierarchical orientation in Brazilian culture is likely to produce Brazilian companies with flat corporate structures. C. The high power distance culture of Arab countries is likely to produce people-oriented cultures in Arab companies. D. National culture has little impact on domestic firms.

B

Which of the following statements related to fundamental factors affecting a group's cohesion is correct? A. The larger a group, the more cohesive it is likely to be. B. The more similar group members are, the more cohesive the group is likely to be. C. The more coaching group members receive, the less cohesive the group is likely to be. D. The less time a group has stayed together, the more cohesive a group is likely to be.

C

Which of these is NOT an indicator of a corrupt organization? A. Acting like a commune. B. Believing that job security is more important above anything else C. Offering bonus vacation days to employees who engage in teamwork D. Believing that the company is facing a war, not normal business competition.

Which of the following is true with respect to gender differences in leadership style?

Women tend to display more democratic and less autocratic styles as compared to men.

Which of the following is true with respect to gender differences in leadership style? Women are more relationally-oriented while men are task-oriented. Women tend to display more democratic and less autocratic styles as compared to men. Men display higher levels of transformational behaviors. When women succeed in traditionally masculine roles they are liked more by their peers.

Women tend to display more democratic and less autocratic styles as compared to men.

Cohesive

____________ groups have a collective identity, share a sense of purpose, work together on meaningful tasks, and establish a structured pattern of communication.

4. Which of the following statements regarding intelligence is INCORRECT? a. One's intelligence is the strongest predictor of leadership performance. b. People with high mental abilities are more likely to be viewed as leaders in their environment. c. Effective leaders tend to have high emotional intelligence as well as high mental intelligence. d. IQ matters for entry into the high level managerial ranks, but once there, IQ is less effective since all others at that level also possess high IQ.

a) Difficult/Evaluation

20. Which of the following statements regarding traits and leadership is INCORRECT? a. All traits are equally effective in predicting leadership potential across organizations. b. In large, bureaucratic organizations, leader traits have less impact on behavior than in a small, entrepreneurial organization. c. Some traits have a stronger impact on leader emergence than on leader effectiveness. d. Recognition of leader traits can help select appropriate managers for organizations.

a) Difficult/Synthesis

35. If leader-subordinate relations are good, position power is low and task structure is high, the situation would be categorized as a. favorable. b. medium favorable. c. unfavorable. d. controlled.

a) Medium/Analysis

16. Martin sent an anonymous memo to various members of his company charging his manager with cheating the employees out of pay bonuses. Martin's manager seems to lack a. integrity. b. agreeableness. c. extraversion. d. neuroticism.

a) Medium/Application

31. If you dislike working with a person and do not care for them on a personal level either, a. you would have a low least preferred coworker score. b. you would have a high least preferred coworker score. c. you would have a midrange least preferred coworker score. d. you would not have a least preferred coworker score.

a) Medium/Comprehension

58. The key factor in the effectiveness of transformational leadership is a. trust. b. creativeness. c. extraversion. d. charisma.

a) Medium/Comprehension

47. If jobs are boring and repetitive or tasks are stressful, the ________ style of leadership is most effective. a. supportive b. achievement oriented c. directive d. participative

a) Medium/Knowledge

Expectancy theory suggests individuals are motivated when

a. effort leads to high performance.

The earliest approach to the study of leadership was

a. the trait approach.

The key factor in the effectiveness of transformational leadership is

a. trust.

43. Nina makes it a point to talk to her subordinates every day about what is going on in their personal lives. She always congratulates them when they share successes and has a kind word and "a shoulder to cry on" if necessary when things are not going well. Nina has a _____________ leadership style. a. directive b. supportive c. participative d. achievement-oriented

b) Difficult/Application

32. In situations of medium favorableness, a. low LPC leaders are effective. b. high LPC leaders are effective. c. medium LPC leaders are effective. d. either low or high LPC leaders will be effective.

b) Difficult/Evaluation

62. Which of the following statements regarding leader-member exchange relationships is INCORRECT? a. A problem with a low-quality exchange relationship is that employees may not have access to a positive work environment. b. All employees would like to have a positive relationship with their leader. c. If a leader is unethical, employees may not want to have a relationship so as not to suffer from guilt by association. d. When high LMX employees succeed, leaders credit the efforts they put forward and their high level abilities.

b) Difficult/Evaluation

70. Which statement regarding global leader characteristics is correct? a. In Western and Latin cultures, leaders who speak in a monotonous voice convey the ability to control emotions. b. Universally, people feel that honesty, trustworthiness and fairness are related to leadership effectiveness. c. Transactional leaders are found to be the most influential leaders around the world. d. There is no universal agreement on characteristics viewed as undesirable in leaders.

b) Difficult/Evaluation

14. Research has found all of the Big 5 personality traits to be related to leader emergence and leader effectiveness EXCEPT a. conscientiousness. b. agreeableness. c. extraversion. d. openness.

b) Difficult/Synthesis

22. People-oriented behaviors are also called a. initiating structure. b. consideration. c. laissez-faire. d. authoritarian.

b) Easy/Knowledge

66. Authentic leadership a. is a leadership approach that defines the leader's role as serving the needs of others. b. refers to effective leaders who stay true to themselves. c. makes sure employees are involved in decision making. d. sets goals for employees and encourages them to reach those goals.

b) Easy/Knowledge

8. Being anxious, irritable, temperamental and moody is a. anxiety. b. neuroticism. c. anger. d. aggressiveness.

b) Easy/Knowledge

36. If leader-subordinate relations are poor, position power is high and task structure is high, the situation would be categorized as a. favorable. b. medium favorable. c. unfavorable. d. controlled.

b) Medium/Analysis

40. Expectancy theory suggests individuals are motivated when all of the following conditions are met EXCEPT a. effort leads to high performance. b. rewards lead to high performance. c. rewards are valuable to the performer. d. high performance will be rewarded.

b) Medium/Analysis

5. Jien has the ability to control his emotions in multiple situations and has empathy for others; he is internally motivated and has many admirable social skills. Jien has a. high mental intelligence. b. high emotional intelligence. c. low mental intelligence. d. low emotional intelligence.

b) Medium/Application

15. The degree to which a person is at peace with himself and has an overall positive assessment of one's self worth and capabilities is a. agreeableness. b. self-efficacy. c. self-esteem. d. integrity.

b) Medium/Comprehension

2. The trait approach to leadership examines all of the following factors EXCEPT a. psychological attributes. b. behaviors. c. personality characteristics. d. physical characteristics.

b) Medium/Comprehension

Situational favorableness includes which of the following conditions?

b. position power.

If an industry is highly regulated, firms competing within it likely have

bureaucratic structures.

29. Research on decision-making styles finds a. Laissez-faire decision making is positively related to employee satisfaction. b. Democratic decision making leads to stronger employee productivity. c. Employees care more about the overall participativeness of the organizational climate than involvement in every single decision. d. Scientists favor authoritarian decision making over democratic decision making.

c) Difficult/Synthesis

55. Most research on leadership has been conducted on which of the following contingency theories of leadership? a. Fieldler's contingency theory b. House's path-goal theory c. transformational leadership theory d. authentic leadership theory

c) Difficult/Synthesis

26. When leaders make decisions alone without involving employees in the decision making process, they are using a. laissez-faire decision making. b. participative decision making c. authoritarian decision making. d. democratic decision making.

c) Easy/Knowledge

53. ___________ leaders lead employees by aligning employee goals with the leader's goals. a. Directive b. Transactional c. Transformational d. Achievement-oriented

c) Easy/Knowledge

7. Openness is a. being outgoing, talkative, sociable, and enjoying social situations. b. being affable, tolerant, sensitive, trusting, kind and warm. c. being curious, original, intellectual, creative and receptive to new ideas. d. being organized, systematic, punctual, achievement-oriented and dependable.

c) Easy/Knowledge

39. Research on Fiedler's Contingency Theory indicates which of the following? a. Predictions about where high LPC leadership will be effective are supported more than those where low LPC leadership is effective. b. There is full support for Fiedler's Contingency Theory. c. Fiedler's theory is important because it recognizes the importance of the leadership context. d. Fiedler's theory is a useful framework for thinking about which personality traits are useful in predicting leadership.

c) Medium/Analysis

60. All of the following are factors contributing to building high-quality leader-member exchange EXCEPT a. leader fairness. b. leader delegation. c. employee job satisfaction. d. personality similarity.

c) Medium/Analysis

64. Servant leadership has an explicit focus on all of the following factors EXCEPT a. ethics. b. community development. c. paternalism. d. self-sacrifice.

c) Medium/Analysis

11. Maria is part of an organizational behavior project group. Her group members chose her as the leader of the group because she is always on task, on time for meetings, sets achievable goals and is willing to assist anyone who needs help. Maria is a. agreeable. b. extraverted. c. conscientious. d. open.

c) Medium/Application

34. Paolo is a manager of a department in a small, family-run retail department store. He and his subordinates clash over scheduling and other procedural aspects of the job almost daily. While having the title of manager, Paolo makes few decisions for the department, instead implementing those relayed by his manager. The sales associate position as well as his managerial position do not have specific duties tied to them; instead everyone is supposed to do "whatever it takes." The situation would best be described as a. favorable. b. medium favorable c. unfavorable. d. controlled.

c) Medium/Application

13. The Big 5 personality trait ___________ has the strongest relationship to both leader emergence and leader effectiveness. a. conscientiousness b. agreeableness c. extraversion d. openness

c) Medium/Comprehension

67. Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of authentic leaders? a. They are not afraid to act they way they are. b. They understand where they are coming from. c. They have no set priorities. d. They have high levels of personal integrity.

c) Medium/Comprehension

19. Which of the following is not a key trait associated with leadership? a. High integrity b. High conscientiousness c. High agreeableness d. High openness to experience

c) Medium/Synthesis

41. Which of the following statements regarding House's path-goal theory of leadership is INCORRECT? a. The role of the leader in the path-goal theory is to remove roadblocks and create a motivational environment for workers. b. Each leadership style identified in the path-goal theory is effective depending on the employee characteristics and those of the work environment. c. House's path-goal theory of motivation is based upon the equity theory of motivation. d. Leaders can create high performing employees by making sure employee effort leads to performance and that performance is rewarded with desired rewards.

c) Medium/Synthesis

___________ leaders lead employees by aligning employee goals with the leader's goals.

c. Transformational

Research findings of leader behaviors suggest

c. extremely high levels of leader task-oriented behaviors may lead to burnout in employees.

People-oriented behaviors are also called

consideration

People-oriented behaviors are also called initiating structure. consideration. laissez-faire.

consideration

57. Research on transformational and transactional leadership shows all of the following EXCEPT a. transformational leaders increase the performance of their followers. b. transactional leaders have positive influences over employee attitudes. c. transformational leaders create higher levels of commitment to organizational change efforts. d. transactional leaders increase the intrinsic motivation of their followers.

d) Difficult/Evaluation

6. Being organized, systematic, punctual, achievement-oriented and dependable are characteristics of the personality trait a. openness. b. agreeableness. c. extraversion. d. conscientiousness.

d) Easy/Knowledge

48. The information system department's employees are highly skilled individuals who possess a very internal locus of control. The firm is looking to hire a manager for the department to replace the retiring manager. What type of leadership style would likely be most effective with this group? a. supportive b. achievement-oriented c. directive d. participative

d) Medium/Analysis

Leaders who ensure their employees take part in decision making have a(n) _________________ leadership style.

d. participative

Nelson is the manager of a marketing department in a medium sized company. Nelson has six employees reporting to him. In deciding the goals for the department for next quarter, Nelson is holding a meeting for employee input and direction. Nelson uses a(n) _________ style of decision making in the marketing department. autocratic democratic laissez-faire supportive

democratic

If onboarding activities are successful

employees are more confident about their ability to perform in the organization and are likely to remain longer with the firm.

The Big 5 personality trait ___________ has the strongest relationship to both leader emergence and leader effectiveness. conscientiousness agreeableness extraversion openness

extraversion

House's path-goal theory is based on equity theory of motivation.

f

Three key traits associated with leadership are: integrity, conscientiousness and introversion.

f

A supportive leadership style works best when there is high role ambiguity for employees, they have low abilities, and they have an external locus of control.

false

High quality LMX is related to

increased job satisfaction.

High quality LMX is related to increased job satisfaction. higher turnover. reduced organizational commitment. effort in building good relationships.

increased job satisfaction.

Which one of the following traits is NOT a tool that transformational leaders use to influence employees and create commitment to the company goals?

management by exception

Research on mentoring suggests

mentor training enhances program outcomes.

Information-rich channels convey more

nonverbal information

According to surveys, the most frequently used influence tactic is

rational persuasion.

The individual originating a message is called the

sender

An achievement-oriented leader

sets goals for employees and encourages them to reach their goals.

Nina makes it a point to talk to her subordinates every day about what is going on in their personal lives. She always congratulates them when they share successes and has a kind word and "a shoulder to cry on" if necessary when things are not going well. Nina has a _____________ leadership style. directive supportive participative achievement-oriented

supportive

A key finding from research completed on traits is that all traits are not equally effective in predicting leadership potential.

true

Employees of abusive leaders are more likely to quit their jobs and experience higher levels of unhappiness and stress. (T/F)

true

Fiedler's contingency theory suggests different leaders can be effective in different situations.

true

Individuals with high LMX receive higher levels of resources than those with a low LMX relationship.

true

Initiating structure involves structuring the roles of subordinates, providing them instructions, and behaving in ways to increase the group's performance.

true

Biased Language

word choice that suggests prejudice or preconceptions about other people Effective communication is clear, factual, and goal oriented. Also respectful

Which of the following statements is true regarding the judgments about correlation and causality bias?

A correlation between two variables is not evidence for causality.

overconfidence bias

A decision-making trap where people overestimate their ability to predict future events is called ____________________.

Which of the following statements regarding the Asch studies is accurate?

A dissenting minority influenced the nature of response given by participants.

Which if the following statements regarding the impact of reward systems on culture shaping is correct?

A firm that rewards purely on the basis of goal achievement is likely to have an outcome-oriented culture.

position of authority

A formal leader would have a _____ and the power that comes with that position and can use that power, as well as their personal power, to influence others.

B

A meeting that helps analyze how a project went, what went well and what could have been done better is A. a norming meeting. B. an after-action review. C. an informal review. D. a cohesion meeting.

extraverted

A person who is talkative, outgoing, sociable, and enjoys social situations is ___________.

Leaders who ensure their employees take part in decision-making have a(n) _________________ leadership style. achievement-oriented supportive directive participative

participative

Political behaviors in organizations include which of the following?

All of the above: Negotiating Alliance building Resolving conflicting interests

Individuals are influenced in their decision making by which of the following biases?

All of the above: Escalation commitment, Anchoring, Framing bias

A

All of the following statements are correct about top management teams EXCEPT A. top teams are most effective when there is limited diversity in their composition. B. top management teams generally function without formal rules for team design or structure. C. top management teams are important for their symbolic roles. D. top management teams make decisions on new products, markets and expansions and divestitures.

The availability of too much information leading to more and more time being spent on gathering information and thinking about it, resulting in no decisions being made is

Analysis paralysis

Nicholas is the production manager for a manufacturing firm. He has two supervisors who are experiencing conflict with each other based upon personality differences. Nicholas should have held a meeting last week to discuss next year's budget, but cancelled it because the two supervisors had a verbal confrontation on the shop floor the previous day. What conflict handling style is Nicholas demonstrating?

Avoidance

D

Being organized, systematic, punctual, achievement-oriented and dependable are characteristics of the personality trait A. openness. B. agreeableness. C. extraversion. D. conscientiousness.

Non-Verbal Communication Cues

Body language eye contact facial expression posture touch space

A

Boundary spanning roles include coordinator and A. consul. B. cooperator. C. contributor. D. critic.

Anita finishes her college semester on April 15. She will be home from April 15 until May 20 when she is scheduled to have her wisdom teeth removed. She will be going on a family vacation during the third week in July and will be returning to school on August 10 for majorette camp. Anita is looking for a job for the summer. She figures she will take the first job that pays minimum wage and will allow her flexibility for her dental appointment and vacation. Anita is making a decision using the

Bounded rationality decision-making model

Boundary spanning roles include coordinator and:

Consul

C

Cook believes that a key to a happy life is to find something that you are passionate about and that is A. a big moneymaker. B. truly innovative. C. in the service of others. D. something no one else has ever done.

Workplace Gossip

Informal gossip network within an organization 70% of all org communication happens at a grapevine level

A

Jennifer has to decide which of two job offers she is going to choose. She begins her process by listing the key criteria she is looking for in a job including salary level, location, promotional opportunities, and so on. She then takes each job offer letter and carefully goes through each line assessing the offer in relationship to the criteria she has established. Jennifer is using which of decision-making model to choose her job? A. The rational decision-making model B. The creative decision-making model C. The intuitive decision-making model D. The programmed decision-making model

A self-directed team

Makes decisions internally about leadership and how the work is done and has the potential for high autonomy

B

Managers at a pharmaceutical research and development firm have checkbooks that they carry around with them as they monitor their subordinates. If a manager notes outstanding behavior by a subordinate, they can write the high-level performer a check on the spot. This is an example of the manager's ___________ power. A. referent B. reward C. expert power D. information

Which of the following statements is true regarding the relationship between conflict and performance?

Medium conflict leads to high performance

Communication Channels and their Information Richness

-Face-to-face convo: HIgh -Video Conferencing: High -Telephone Convo: High -Emails: Medium -Handheld devices: Medium -Blogs: Medium -Written letters/memos: Medium -Formal Written documents: Low -Spreadsheets: Low

Barries to Effective Communication

-Filtering -Selective perception -Information overload -Emotional disconnects -Lack of source familiarity or credibility -Workplace gossip -Semantics -Differences in meaning between the sender and receiver -Poor listening -Biased language

Selective Perception

-Filtering info to suit our own needs -Often unconscious - It can lead to mistakes, because of missed info

Emotional Disconnects

-Happens when the sender or receiver is upset

Information Overload

-Occurring when the information processing demands on an individual's time to perform interactions and internal calculations exceed the supply or capacity of time available for such processing -A symptom of the high-tech age -People try to manage it by multitasking, however multitasking doesn't work well for communication

Types of Communication

-Verbal Communication listen to a person to understand their meaning -Written Communication reading their meaning -Nonverbal Communication observe a person and infer meaning

Use Verbal Communication When:

-conveying emotion and feelings -the message does not need to be permanent -there is time urgency -you need immediate feedback -the ideas are simple or can be made simple with explanations

Use Written Communication When:

-conveying facts -the message needs to become part of a permanent file -there is little time urgency -you do not need immediate feedback -the ideas are complicated

An example of a question requiring an operational decision in response is:

How often do I go back to the stockroom to get additional products for display?

Communication

How we coordinate actions and achieve goals Process by which info is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior

A

Indira thought her nose piercing was really unique, but after she got it, she noticed that so many other people on campus had nose piercings too. She is experiencing A. anchoring and adjustment bias. B. framing bias. C. escalation of commitment bias. D. availability bias.

Poor Listening

not concentrating, listening too hard, jumping to conclusions, focusing on delivery and appearance