Successful Aging Exam 2 Material
A proportional majority of family caregivers living with how many miles of an older loved one to whom they provide care. 10 miles of less 15-24 miles 25-50 miles 100+ miles
10 miles of less
Research on fitness trackers in older women provided evidence that walking approximately _________ steps daily can help to lower mortality rates. 20,000 5,000 10,000 2,500
10,000
What percentage of all marriages in the U.S. are second marriages? 25 13 50 10
13
The average cost per day (in dollars) of a semi-private room in a nursing home, according to the U.S. National Nursing Home Survey: 115 225 375 460
225
As of 2019, there were a reported _____________ individuals, mostly 65 and older, receiving adult day services in the community. 2.9 million 120 thousand 286 thousand 1.1 million
286 thousand
The majority of direct care provided to patients in residential care facilities is provided by: Aides Registered nurses Physicians Physical therapists
Aides
As of 2016, 39% of individuals 85 and older in the U.S. are living: In group quarters Alone in a household With family in a household With non-family in a care center
Alone in a household
People whose social relationships are generally positive have a _____% lower mortality risk compared to those who do not. 25 30 50 75
50
For profit facilities make up approximately _____% of all nursing homes in the United States. 70 50 25 10
70
The age-specific death rate is highest for which age group in the U.S.? 45-54 55-64 64-74 85 and older
85 and older
Medicare, like Social Security, is a "pay-as-you-go" system, meaning that people paying into it now: Are supporting current beneficiaries receiving services Pay lower tax rates than those who do not contribute Contribute 100% of their payments to the Trust Fund Receive a guarantee of support when they retire
Are supporting current beneficiaries receiving services
In the Kübler-Ross model of the five stages of dying, people who feel that they could change their odds after being diagnosed with a terminal disease by giving money to charity might be considered to be in which stage? Bargaining Denial Anger Acceptance
Bargaining
The aging service network includes a wide array of community services established to support the independent, assisted, long-term, and end-of-life physical, mental, and social functioning needs of older adults. This is often referred to as the ____________. Palliative care system Green House Model Contiuum of care Area Agency on Aging
Contiuum of care
A 66-year-old dentist retired from a group practice and moved to a different city to be closer to family. The dentist is an example of which retirement pattern? Involuntary Crisp Incongruent Indistinct
Crisp
A woman's 90-year-old grandfather was in vigorous health right up until the time he died as the result of suddenly contracting a virus. His death came so suddenly that she only just made it home a few hours before his death. The grandfather's __________ fits the pattern of sudden death from an unexpected cause. Social death Death ethos Advance directive Dying trajectory
Dying trajectory
The fact that individuals of Hispanic origin have the longest life expectancy is referred to as the: Spanish death rate shift Southern mortality penalty Hispanic mortality paradox Latino Immigration Advantage
Hispanic mortality paradox
Which sector of long-term care employs a majority of registered nurses? Assisted-living Respite care Board and care home Home health care
Home health care
The most common diagnosis among residents of nursing homes is: Dementia Depression Pneumonia Hypertension
Hypertension
The number one deficiency in U.S. nursing homes in 2018, involving 45% of all institutions, was: Lack of infection control High-accident environment Lack of pharmacy consultation Unsanitary food handling
Lack of infection control
According to Boss (1999), family members who unexpectedly experience a death of an loved one with no prior warning commonly experience frozen grief, or what she termed as a form of closure in which the loved one: Leaves without saying goodbye Says goodbye without leaving Express sadness over the death of a pet Adapts to new persons entering the family system
Leaves without saying goodbye
The majority of home health agencies operate on what financial basis? Private; non-profit Public; for-profit Public; non-profit Private; for-profit
Private; for-profit
The medical funding program known as Medicaid provides coverage for: Government workers Retired individuals over 65 only Privately insured employees Healthy individuals with a history of no medical needs
Privately insured employees
Research on evidence-based treatments for older adults suggests that the most effective approach should involve, as a first step: Psychotherapy alone Medications alone Medications plus psychotherapy In-patient observations
Psychotherapy alone
A career counselor working with a client seeking to change occupations uses Holland's RIASEC model to determine that the client would feel most satisfied in a career as an accountant. This suggests that the client is high on which of the RIASEC types? Realistic Artistic Conventional Enterprising
Realistic
A nursing home that receives a deficiency rating on the dignity dimension fails in which aspect of care? Recognition of individuality Receiving necessary services Measurable objectives and timetables Staff who care out a written care plan
Recognition of individuality
Which of the following would not be considered an essential to human subjective well-being: Maintaining stable employment Joining a volunteer organization Remaining homebound and socially isolated Going for a walk in a park
Remaining homebound and socially isolated
The concept of "death with dignity" as it developed in the late 20th Century implies which approach to dying patients? Providing them with privacy so they can die alone Respecting their wishes to control their own death Extending life for as long as possible with artificial supports Restricting communication to only immediate family members
Respecting their wishes to control their own death
According to the CDC, aging-in-place refers to the individual ability to live in one's home based on what condition regardless of age, income, or ability level: Safety Indepdence Comfort All of the above
Safety
Super's theory of vocational development assumes that people strive to express their __________ in their vocation. Values Self-concept Resources Self-determination
Self-concept
Attachment behavioral patterns expressed in late adulthood seem to be closely associated with: Creativity Memory complaint Social loss Chronic health
Social loss
Acute rehabilitation would be the most appropriate setting for recovery of an older adult patient with which medical condition? Terminal cancer Pneumonia Stroke Substance abuse
Stroke
Which of the following statements is false regarding family caregivers in the United States? An increasing number of family caregivers are caring for more than person Nearly one in five are providing unpaid care Nearly half of care recipients are 75 years of age or older The vast majority of primary family caregivers are adult sons
The vast majority of primary family caregivers are adult sons
The symptoms of depression in older adults include which of the following? feelings of worthlessness fear of being alone generalized feelings of worry inability to let go of useless objects
feelings of worthlessness
When children reach the age at which they enter adulthood, they and their parents experience a phenomenon known as: filia anxiety family blending role reciprocity filial maturity
filial maturity
In the U.S., the majority of suicides among men in later life involve which means of death? hanging prescription drugs firearms opioids
firearms
The five types of elder abuse are physical, sexual, psychological, financial, and: criminal health care neglect judicial
neglect
The concept of _____________ accounts for people who have only superficial ties with others in their social circle. dyadic withdrawl skipped generation peripheral ties social convoy
peripheral ties
Holland's vocational development theory describes the RIASEC model, which stands for the: government agency that track employment six factors that make up the model name of the six stages of development corporation where initial testing was done
six factors that make up the model
A 69-year-old woman has just relocated to a town closer to where her adult children and grandchildren live. She is trying to make new friends, but she still prefers connecting with the friends from the home she just left behind. Which theory provides the best explanation for this situation? social exchange socioemotional selectivity filial anxiety developmental stake
socioemotional selectivity
Having majored in art during college for two years, as a junior the student realizes that in order to get a job, it will be necessary to get additional training in another field. The closest occupation in the RIASEC model to artist would be in which area? sales manager financial analyst cook teaching
teaching
The average cost per month (in dollars) of a private room in a nursing home, according to the U.S. National Nursing Home Survey: 3650 5675 7698 8908
7698
On average, experts contend that it takes older adults ____ years to fully recover emotionally and regain a sense of satisfaction with life in the aftermath of losing a spouse. 2 5 8 10
8
An older adult with a broken hip is sent to the hospital for surgery to repair the fracture. Complete recovery will require two weeks of intense care, which would most appropriately be provided in a/an: Intermediate care facility Acute rehab facility Assisted living facility Hospital intensive care unit
Acute rehab facility
The Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990 included the provision that all hospital patients be given the opportunity to write a(n): Life-review biography Advance directive Obituary Plan of death
Advance directive
The _______ death rate provides the most accurate statistical measure to index a country's "health." Crude Age-adjusted Overall Regional
Age-adjusted
Weighted averages of deaths in the population on the basis of age are known as what type of death rate? Time-adjusted Decade-adjusted Age-adjusted Crude
Age-adjusted
Which of the following anxiety disorders shows the highest prevalence in adults 65 and older? Social anxiety disorder Agoraphobia General anxiety disorder Animal phobia
Agoraphobia
Which of the following is a criterion for culture change in nursing homes? Offering only communal dining Allowing residents to have their privacy Requiring residents to attend group meetings Discouraging family visitation
Allowing residents to have their privacy
Researchers believe that the main reason for the relationship between education and mortality appears to be due to which factor associated with higher education? More control over occupational choice Better health and lifestyle habits Greater liklihood of living in urban settings Greater competenece operating smart technologies
Better health and lifestyle habits
Older adults who exit and reenter the labor force multiple times before officially retiring are said to follow a/an__________ process Crisp retirement Blurred retirement Bridge retirement On-time retirement
Blurred retirement
Sociodemographic conditions, such as age, race, and income, that impact how aging adults assess their life and experiences represent which approach to understanding subjective well-being development. Top-down Bottom-up Well-being paradox Congruence
Bottom-up
A former software engineer retires from a job at a high-tech firm and soon after, takes a position as a substitute high school math teacher. The engineer is showing which late-life work pattern? Crisp retirement Bridge retirement Anticipatory retirement Protean career
Bridge retirement
A woman was diagnosed with terminal cancer but she is convinced that, despite the odds, she mother will survive this disease. The medical staff has made it clear that she only has months left to live. It appears that the woman is in which of the Kübler-Ross stages of dying? Bargaining Depression Anger Denial
Denial
Workers who fail to develop as optimally as possible are, in Holland's theory, referred to as: Incongruent Protean Boundaryless Non self-directed
Incongruent
People who want to become mathematicians, in the RIASEC model, would be high on which of the six types? Artistic Investigative Conventional Realistic
Investigative
People with which marital status have the highest age-adjusted mortality rate in the U.S. Never-married Married Divorced Separated
Never-married
The set point perspective to successful aging proposes that the greatest influence on happiness levels in older adults is: Income Health Personality Education
Personality
Older adults who fracture their hips may have double the risk for mortality due to which potential complication? Chronic respiratory disease Paralysis of lower limbs Systemic septic infection Osteoporosis
Systemic septic infection
According to the perspective known as ________________ Theory, activating a person's thoughts about death may trigger a set of positive changes, including closer relationships, greater creativity, and more connection to others. Terror Management Life Course Life-Span Death with Dignity
Terror Management
A study of retired vacationers showed that those who got the most out of their travels tended to: Use of time for self-discovery and reflection Visit as many new destinations as they could afford Spend as much time as they could by themselves Renew their marital vows and relive their honeymoons
Use of time for self-discovery and reflection
Part ___ of Medicare covers hospital stays and follow-up nursing home treatment. A B D Q
A
At a recent 65th birthday party in her honor, Marjorie was asked, "Are you worried what the next stage of life holds?" Marjorie replied, "Not at all. I know a lot of people I can call if I need them." This demonstrates what support type. Instrumental Emotional Anticipatory Voluntary
Anticipatory
A middle-aged man actively pursues dating women and desires a lifelong romantic partner, yet whenever he takes a woman on a date he often spends time talking about a former finance to whom who broke off an engagement when he was in his 20's. This exemplifies what type of attachment style during middle adulthood: Secure Anxious-ambivalent Avoidant Disorganized
Anxious-ambivalent
A referral based system established within all states to provided older adults and their family caregivers with information ranging from local care providers to home maintenance and cleaning services is known as the__________. Area Agencies on Aging Automobile Association of America Alzheimer's Association Affordable Care Act
Area Agencies on Aging
Which of the following behaviors by an employer in screening job applicants would be an example of violation of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)? Asking for year of high school graduation Requesting immunization records Conducting a job skills assessment Requiring letters of reference
Asking for year of high school graduation
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 prohibits which of the of following employment practices: Giving persons 40 and older opportunities for promotion Given persons age 40 and older an interview Discriminating against a person age 40 and older because they may be considered "too old" for the job Employing a persons 40 years of age and older because they may stay on the job over a longer period of time.
Discriminating against a person age 40 and older because they may be considered "too old" for the job
Subjective well-being is believed to evolve from which of the two interactive attributes across time: Emotional regulation and appraisal Happiness and life satisfaction Positive and negative affect Work and marriage
Emotional regulation and appraisal
Residents do best in long-term care facilities that engage in which practice? Keeping residents out of kitchen areas so they are not injured Restricting group activiites that might interfere with recovery Making sure that residents take their meals alone in their rooms Encouraging physical activity and social engagement during various therapuetic modalities
Encouraging physical activity and social engagement during various therapuetic modalities
In 2000, the Administration for Community Living was formed by the U.S. federal government to support: Halfway houses for older adults Geriatric partial day hospitals Family caregivers at home Group board care homes
Family caregivers at home
According to research on self-determination theory, workers who experience high extrinsic motivation are likely to show which set of job behaviors? Greater quality of work Work-family enrichment Occupational reinforcement Greater quantity of work
Greater quantity of work
Making sense of the story of your life prior to death is a process known as: Legitimization of biography Death with dignity Terror management The good death
Legitimization of biography
Stipulations of the 1987 Nursing Home Reform Act included ensuring that facilities: Cover all costs after residents spend down Provide care at the lowest cost possible Employ one nurse for every two residents Maintain resident confidentiality and privacy
Maintain resident confidentiality and privacy
Patient advocates known as _____________ in long-term care institutions were guaranteed as part of nursing home reforms. Ombudspersons Geronpsychologists Geriatricians Personal care aides
Ombudspersons
According to the _____________________, it is surprising that older adults are able to maintain high levels of well-being than would be suggested by their actual situations in life. Social indicator model Simple adaptation model Age-as-a-leveler perspective Paradox of well-being
Paradox of well-being
According to Atchley's Phases of Retirement, when a person decides to terminate retirement, they will. . . Do all the things they never had time to do while working They will adjusts to declines and disruptions in leisure activities They will establish more realistic retirement goals by which to make decisions They will either re-enter the workforce or accept the conditions of their retirement
They will either re-enter the workforce or accept the conditions of their retirement
In the competence-press model of institutional adaptation, the "competence" function includes: Whether the individual has resources to pay for care The extent to which family are involved Whether the home is in a rural or urban location The individual's physical and psychologial abilities
Whether the home is in a rural or urban location
The ___________ effect refers to the fact that people whose spouses die are more likely to die after losing their spouse. Disillusionment Equity Similarity Widowhood
Widowhood
The concept of "life space-life stages" in Super's theory is close to the ______________ model proposed by Bronfenbrenner. environmental selectivity psychosocial ecological
ecological
The suicide rate is highest for which segment of the U.S. population? women 45-54 years men 15-24 years women 55-64 years men 65 years and older
men 65 years and older
According to life course theory of retirement, retirees would be best able to adapt to this status by viewing it as a(n): Normative life event Transition to a new role Loss of an important life role Obstacle they need to overcome
Normative life event
A physician's assistant in a group medical practice joins a local professional organization of physician's assistants in order to share ideas and make connections with people in the area working in the same occupation. The joining of the professional organization represents which idea in vocational development? Congruence Career recycling Boundaryless career Exploration
Boundaryless career
According to Socioemotional Selectivity Theory, the act of maximizing emotionally gratifying ties above and beyond emotionally risky ties is believed to contribute to a __________. Positivity Effect Well-being paradox Negative interaction Selection bias
Positivity Effect
Social Security is "pay-as-you-go," meaning that: what you invest now will come back to you after you retire your payroll tax goes toward current retiree benefits you can choose to enroll or not enroll in the system retirees are only entitled to recevied what they paid in
your payroll tax goes toward current retiree benefits
The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is responsible for overseeing: Legilative efforts to improve long-term care Privately funded health insurance programs Federal and state funded health programs Payments made for private in-home care
Federal and state funded health programs
A patient in the final stages of terminal cancer writes out her wishes for the amount of time she will be kept alive before entering hospice care. The ability to exert this degree of autonomy is reflected in the concept of the ___________ death. Social Immediate Good Accepted
Good
Measures of successful aging that assess the emotions of older adults rather than how they think about their lives would include self-ratings of: Happiness Life satisfaction Subjective health Social relationships
Happiness
One of the key symptoms of LOSS, as shown particularly in older veterans, is the experience of: Depression after the death of a spouse Unwillingness to seek treatment Increased memories about an earlier traumatic experience Extreme fear of objects that contain small holes
Increased memories about an earlier traumatic experience
Older adults in the _____________ relationship status have decided not to share the same household. Civil union Serial cohabitation Living apart together Dyadic withdrawal
Living apart together
Which model of successful aging places the greatest emphasis on optimism? Paradox of well-being Set-point perspective Social indicator Communication ecology
Set-point perspective
People seeking to purchase insurance through Part C of Medicare would be looking for plans called: Hospital insurance Respite care Medicare advantage Long-term disability
Medicare advantage
A middle-aged woman and her brother consider each other their closest friends, even though both are in satisfying intimate relationships with spouses. Research suggests it is likely that these siblings feel so good about each other because: they bonded against parents who were neglectful. they are trying to make up for having ignored each other as children. each of them felt the other parent loved them more. their parents fostered warm and affectionate relationships.
their parents fostered warm and affectionate relationships.
The age and performance "scorecard" lists which factor as contributing toward greater productivity in older workers? Switching to shift work Resisting on-the-job changes Being allowed to work alone Having few absences
Having few absences
Since 2000 until today, the overall share of older Americans, aged 65 and older, in the workforce has _____ while overall employment has _____ across younger aged workers> Increased; increased Decreased; Decreased Decreased; Increased Increased; Decreased
Increased; Decreased
A therapist is treating a couple who have just had their first child. In the second session, the therapist notes that the mother seems highly anxious about being left alone and seems to need constant reassurance. It's possible that the mother is showing _______________, which can place her at risk for difficulties in caring for her infant. Insecure attachment Avodiant attachment Filial immaturity Developmental shift
Insecure attachment
Jim, a 90-year old former school teacher, died less than 3 weeks following the death of his wife to whom he was married for 69-years. Jim's attending physician reported to family survivors that he likely died of a broken heart. What exactly does this mean in medical terms? Jim died from intrinsic feelings of loneliness Jim died from a condition known as stress cardiomyopathy Jim died from complicated grief Jim died from a hormonal imbalance
Jim died from a condition known as stress cardiomyopathy
Which aspect of death and dying in current Western society suggests a prevailing "invisible death" ethos? Transferring dying patients to hospice Using cremation instead of burial to dispose of the body Crime dramas whose them involves forensics Moving patients from home to hospitals to die
Moving patients from home to hospitals to die
Family members caring for a loved one diagnosed with Alzehimer's Disease four years ago will likely experience what type of ambiguous loss? Physical Psychological Social role Rule-based
Psychological
What is TRUE regarding normative change(s) in social networks across time and into old age? Social network size increases Social network size decreases Quantity of relations become more important Reliance on informal ties decreases
Social network size decreases
According to __________________ theory, members of a couple in a long-term relationship should prefer to spend time with each other rather than people they don't know very well. Behavioral interaction Ecological theory Social-Cognitive Theory Socioemotional selectivity
Socioemotional selectivity
A healthcare proxy would be involved in which set of decisions for a dying patient? Preferred place of burial Drafting a written obituary Specific life-sustaining treatments Clothing to be worn at the funeral
Specific life-sustaining treatments
Increased probability of a marital partner dying a short-time after the death of a spouse is what gerontologists refer to as: The widowhood effect Ambiguous loss The marital advantage Separation-loss syndrome
The widowhood effect
