Survey of Prokaryotes

Which term describes bacteria that do not use oxygen in their metabolism? Gram-positive Anaerobic Aerobic Gram-negative

Anaerobic

_______diphtheriae and ________ pyogenes are gram-positive bacteria that have toxic properties due to proteins on their cell walls.

Corynebacterium Streptococcus

The cell envelope encloses the ______ .

Cytoplasm

Which of the following is the intracellular gelatinous solution? Multiple choice question. Glycocalyx Plasma Peptidoglycan Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm

When a rod-shaped bacterium is short and plump it is called a(n) _____ and if it is gently curved it is called a(n) _____.

coccobacillus, coccus, or cocci vibrio

The _____ is an extracellular material that is closely associated with biofilm formation.

glycocalyx

The bacteria naturally have no cell wall, but have a cytoplasmic membrane that is stabilized by sterols.

mycoplasma, mycoplasmal, or Tenericutes

A(n) ____ _____parasite requires a host cell in order to survive.

obligate intracellular

Aerobic bacteria are termed aerobic because they use ____ in their metabolism.

oxygen

Identify the two main components of the cell envelope in most bacteria. Multiple select question. Glycocalyx Cell wall Cell membrane Capsule Biofilm

Cell wall Cell membrane

Which of the following antibiotics affect the integrity of the cell wall of bacteria, thereby making them susceptible to lysis? Multiple select question. Cephalosporin Erythromycin Penicillin Tetracycline

Cephalosporin Penicillin

If microbiologists only used the Gram stain and shape to identify bacteria, we could not assign bacteria to a more specific level than which of the following? Order Phylum Kingdom Family Class

Class

What is a spherically-shaped bacterial cell termed? Multiple choice question. Spirillum Coccus Bacillus

Coccus

Which is the dormant survival state in endospore-forming bacteria? Multiple choice question. Vegetative state Endospore

Endospore

Which of the following is formed during bacterial sporulation? Multiple choice question. Cell wall Endospore Sporangium Gamete

Endospore

The ribosomal subunit structures in archaea are similar to which of the following? Multiple choice question. Viruses Bacteria Rickettsia Eukaryotic cells

Eukaryotic cells

Which of the following are characteristics inherent to life? Multiple select question. Growth and development Metabolism Heredity Sexual reproduction

Growth and development Metabolism Heredity

Most bacteria are which of the following? Multiple choice question. Heterotrophic Autotrophic Photosynthetic

Heterotrophic

Where do obligate intracellular parasites live? Multiple choice question. Freely in the environment In water Inside a host cell Wherever there is sunlight available

Inside a host cell

Which of the following is not a characteristic shared by all cells? Multiple choice question. Ribosomes Cytoplasm Organelles Chromosomes Cell membrane

Organelles

Identify the major structure component of the cell membrane. Multiple choice question. Proteoglycans Cholesterol Nucleic acids Phospholipids

Phospholipids

Identify the term for multiple shapes and sizes among cells of the same species. Polysomy Pleomorphism Polycythemia

Pleomorphism

_______ _______ is a behavior of biofilms which occurs when individual species alter the expression of their genes to cooperate with other cells in the biofilm.

Quorum Sensing

All cells contain which of the following characteristics? Multiple select question. Ribosomes Cell walls Cell membrane Organelles Flagella Chromosomes

Ribosomes Cell membrane Chromosomes

Which of the following are methods used to identify bacteria? Multiple select question. Serological analysis Form of reproduction Bacterial biochemistry Genetic techniques Cell morphology

Serological analysis Bacterial biochemistry Genetic techniques Cell morphology

What structural difference is found in gram-positive cells but not in gram-negative cells? Peptidoglycan Plasma membrane Single cell membrane Outer membrane

Single cell membrane

Which is the active, growing state of endospore-forming bacteria? Multiple choice question. Vegetative Sporulating

Vegetative

The metabolically active and growing phase of endospore forming bacteria is called the _____ ______.

Vegetative Cell

The metabolically active and growing phase of endospore forming bacteria is called the _______ _______ .

Vegetative cell

The cell membrane surrounds a complex solution of organic materials and salts that is referred to as ________.

cytoplasm, cytoplasmic matrix, or cytosol

The cell membrane consists of a(n) bilayer with embedded .

phospholipid or lipid protein, proteins, globular proteins, or membrane proteins

Identify the structure that is absent in bacteria and archaea. Nucleus Cell membrane Chromosome Ribosome

Nucleus

Prokaryotic cells evolved on Earth about how many years ago?

3.5 Billion year

The two major types of prokaryotic cells are

Bacteria Archaea

Which of the following is considered to be the basic unit of life? Multiple choice question. DNA Organism Cell Protein Tissue

Cell

Which of the following is the movement towards or away from a chemical stimulus? Chemotaxis Dethantaxis Phototaxis

Chemotaxis

Which of the following occurs when a cell breaks or ruptures? Phagocytosis Lysis Apoptosis Sporulation

Lysis

Which structure is most closely associated with biofilm formation?

Slime Layer

Viruses are not considered living things because they only show signs of life when they are inside a host _______

cell

Endotoxins (LPS) can stimulate fever and shock during which gram-negative infections? Multiple select question. Meningitis Toxic shock syndrome Typhoid fever Strep throat

Meningitis Typhoid fever

The cell envelope of gram- _____bacteria is composed of an outer membrane, cell wall, and a cell membrane.

Negative

The movement of an organism away from a chemical repellent is called _____ chemotaxis.

Negative