Systems Analysis and Design Chapter 01
server farm
A large concentration of servers working together.
Technical Knowledge, Communication Skills, Business Skills, Critical Thinking Skills, Education and Certification.
A successful analyst needs
Business Process Model (BPM)
Graphically displays one or more business processes.
Herman Hollerith
IBM predecessor company was founded in 1896 by
Application Development, Systems Support and Security, User support, Database administration, Network administration, Web support, and Quality Assurance(QA)
IT group provides technical support includes seven main functions:
Management information Systems
Managers were the primary users.
Enterprise Computing
Refers to information systems that support company-wide operations and data management requirements.
System
Set of related components that produces specific results.
Data Flow Diagram
The model, which represents a school registration system.
Mission-critical system
The one that is vital to a company's operation.
Business Model
describes the information that a system must provide.
Electronic Data Interchange
electronic commerce between two companies used a data sharing arrangement
Waterfall model
the result of each phase is called a deliverable which flows into the next phase
Systems Analyst
valued member of the IT department team who helps plan, develop, and maintain information systems.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
-The newest development in data acquisition -technology, which uses high-frequency radio waves to track physical objects
Data
Consists of basic facts that are the system's raw material.
Hardware
Consists of everything in the physical layer of the information system.
E-mail, voice mail, fax, word processing, spreadsheets.
Examples of User Productivity Systems
Enterprise Applications
Include order processing systems, payroll systems, and company communications networks.
hardware, software, data, processes,people
Information system five key components
users
Inside and outside the company who will interact with the system, and IT staff members
Computer-Aided Systems Engineering (CASE)
Is a technique that uses powerful software called CASE tools
Prototype
Is an early working version of an information system.
Project Management
Is the process of planning, scheduling,monitoring, controlling, and reporting upon the development of an information system.
Information
It is the data that has been transformed into output that is valuable to users.
Supply Chain Management
Most large firms and government agencies use it
Business Profile
Overview of a company's mission, functions, organization, products, services, customers, suppliers, competitors, constraints, and future direction.
stakeholders
People who have an interest in an information system
Transaction Processing Systems
Process data generated by day to day business operations.
Business Support Systems
Provide Job-related information support to users at all levels of a company.
Business Process
Specific set of transactions, events, and results that can be described and documented.
Systems Design Phase
To create a physical model that will satisfy all documented requirements for the system.
Strategic Plans
Top managers develop long-range plans called
Legacy Systems
When planning an information system, a company must consider how a new system will interface with older systems.
Structured Analysis
Which is a traditional method that still is widely used by system analysts
requirements modeling
You investigate business processes and document what the new system must do to satisfy the users.
agile methods
also called adaptive methods, which include the latest trends in software development,
Gordon Moore
co founder of intel , predicted that the number of transistors on an integrated circuit chip would double about every 24 months
Information System
combines technology, people, and data to provide support for business functions such as order processing, inventory control, human resources, accounting, and many more.
Service-Oriented
companies included consultants, vendors, software developers, and service providers.
Application Software
consists of programs that support day to day business functions and provide users with the information they need.
Processes
describe the tasks and business functions that users, managers, and IT staff members perform to achieve specific results.
systems requirements document
describes management and user requirements, costs and benefits, and outlines alternative development strategies.
Vertical System
designed to meet the unique requirements of a specific business or industry, such as Web-based retailer, medical practice, or an auto dealership
Groupware
enable users to share data, collaborate on projects, and work in teams.
Product-Oriented
firms that has manufactured computers, routers, or microchips
Joint Application Development (JAD)
focuses on team-based fact-finding, which is only one phase of the development process
Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN)
includes standard shapes and symbols to represent events, process, workflows.
business rules
input data is transformed by
Systems Analysis And Design
is a step by step process for developing high-quality information systems.
Horizontal System
is a system, such as an inventory or payroll application, that can be adapted for use in many different types of companies.
RAD
is more like a compressed version of the entire process.
System Software
manages the hardware components, which can include a single workstation or a global network with many thousands of clients.
Modeling
produces a graphical representation of a concept or process that systems developers can analyze, test, and modify.
Supply Chain Management
refers to all the companies who provide materials, services, and functions needed to provide a product to a customer.
Information Technology
refers to the combination of hardware, software, and services that people use to manage, communicate, and share information.
Software
refers to the programs that control the hardware and produce the desired information or results
feasibility study
reviews anticipated costs and benefits and recommends a course of action based on operational, technical, economic, and time factors.
Systems Analysis Phase
to build a logical model of the new system.
preliminary investigation
to evaluate an IT-related business opportunity or problem
CASE tools
to help systems analysts develop and maintain information systems.
Systems Development life cycle
to plan, analyze, design, implement, and support an information system
Knowledge Management Systems
use a large database called a knowledge base that allows users to find information by entering keywords or questions in normal English phrases
JAD and RAD
use teams composed of users, manages, and IT Staff
Inference Rules
which are logical rule that identify data patterns and relationships.
System Request
which describes problems or desired changes in an information system or a business process.
Object-Oriented analysis
which is a more recent approach that many analysts prefer,