Taxonomy and Dichotomous Key Study Guide
what is a protist?
A protist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, plant, fungus, or bacteria
What was the name of Carolus Linnaeus' classification system?
Binomial nomenclature
Who is the father of Taxonomy?
Carolus Linnaeus
what are the 3 domains?
Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea
King Phillip Came Over For Good Spaghetti
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What are the 2 main languages used for naming organisms?
Latin and Greek
What is a prokaryote?
a cell that does not have a nucleus
what is a eukaryote?
a cell that has a nucleus
What is a dichotomous key?
a tool that allows the user to identify something in the natural world based off of its characteristics
dichotomous keys always give 2 distinct choices in each step, often they are opposites
dichotomous keys always give 2 distinct choices in each step, often they are opposites
how are dichotomous keys laid out?
dichotomous keys always give 2 distinct choices in each step, often they are opposites
what does the greek origin word dichotomous mean?
divided into 2 parts
what is the name of the new taxonomic category that scientists are using to classify organisms?
domains
what is a dichotomous key used for?
it is used to identify something in the natural world based off of its characteristics
what is the order?
lest specific to most specific--> kingdom-> phylum-> class-> order-> family-> genus-> species
what 4 groups are part of the domain Eukarya?
protists, fungi, plants, and animals
which kingdom was eventually split into separate kingdoms?
the bacteria kingdom was separated into archaebacteria-extreme bacteria and eubacteria-more common bacteria
what is taxonomy?
the classification of living things
in binomial nomenclature- which is capitalized and comes first and which is lowercase and comes second?
the genus is capitalized and the species is lowercase
where do the "yet to be discovered" species live?
the ocean
what happened in the 1950's?
the scientists split the 2 main kingdoms: Animals and plants into 5 kingdoms: 1) Animalia-animals, 2) plantae-plants, 3) Protista- protists, 4) fungi, 5) monera-bacteria/monerans
what is phylogeny?
the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms
what type of environment are archaebacteria usually found in?
they can be found in any type of extreme environment
what do scientists use today in more modern classification to determine evolutionary relationships?
they use the differences and similarities in DNA
what do we see as we move down the chart from least specific to most specific?
we see more and more organisms being removed from each group
what are the steps to using a dichotomous key?
-choose an organism you want to identify -start at step 1 -always read both choices -decide which choice is true -then follow the directions of the true statement -keep going until you get to a step that gives you the organisms name
what are 2 reasons why we should classify organisms?
-to study the diversity of life -to organize and name organisms
what are the 3 rules used to classify organisms using his system?
1. always written in latin 2. always capitalize the first letter of the first name and the first letter of the second name is always lowercase 3. both names are always italicized or underlined
