Test 1-5 Personal and Community Health

According to the general adaptation syndrome theory, how does the body typically respond to an acute stressor?

The body demonstrates three stages of change: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

Which of the following is not true about the unique characteristics of current traditional-age college students.

The highest drop our rate ever

In searching the Internet for information about a question you have regarding your health, which one of these is NOT a key concern?

The web browser used

Which of the following is true of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Without recognition and treatment, PTSD can last for decades

Which of the following statements is true of the health differences between men and women?

Women are more likely than men to not smoke and to eat a healthy diet, but less likely to have adequate physical activity levels.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which of the following statements is true of sleep-related problems among Americans?

Women are more likely than men to report not getting enough sleep

Which of the following is true of suicide?

Women attempt suicide much more often than men.

When you forgive, __________________________.

You free yourself from anger, resentments, and reliving hurts over and over again

Which age group of Americans experience the greatest health deficits?

Young adults

Stress is defined as ______________________________________.

a response to any event or situation that either upsets or excites us

Which of the following is one of the health issues that undergraduate college students in particular experience.

A significant proportion report symptoms of depression, anxiety, and other mental disorders

The World Health Organization defines health as ___________?

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being

What is burnout?

A state of exhaustion brought on by constant or repeated emotional pressure

the most common mental disorder in childhood.

ADHD

The ability to monitor and use emotions to guide thinking and actions

Emotional Health

Which of the following is a factor that increases vulnerability to mental disorder among undergraduates?

Financial pressures

Support cells for neurons in the brain and spinal cord.

Glia

According to which theory or model of personal change do people take a health-related action if they feel susceptible to a possible negative consequence?

Health belief

_______________________ and Stroke are the leading cause of death for all racial and ethnic groups in the United States.

Heart disease

The most widely publicized dietary supplement for relieving insomnia contains _____________________.

Melatonin

The study of the brain and mind

Neuropsychiatry

Which of the following strategies will benefit students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Record lectures rather than taking notes

There is a 6th stage of change that can take place at any point in the stages of change in a persons life. What is that stage?

Relapse

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, __________________ is characterized by abnormalities in bran structure and chemistry, destroys " the inner unity of the mind," and weakens "the will and drive that constitutes our essential character.

Schizophrenia

affects every aspect of psychological functioning, including the ways in which people thing, feel, view themselves, and relate to others

Schizophrenia

Which approach to how people change focuses on whether an individual lacks motivation?

Self determination theory

The highest level of the Maslow Pyramid of human needs is ____________________________.

Self-actualization

Researchers report that people are most likely to change health behavior if they hold onto what belief?

Severity, Benefits, and Susceptibility

Which dimension of health refers to the ability to interact effectively with other people and the social environment, to develop satisfying interpersonal relationships.

Social

Psychologist use the term ______________________________________ to refer to a behavior or an attitude that a particular group expects, values, and enforces.

Social norm

A belief in someone or something that transcends the boundaries of self.

Spirituality

What kind of experiences that racial minorities have are referred to as microaggressions?

Subtle negations of identity

A specialized site at which electrical impulses are transmitted from the axon terminal of one neuron to a dendrite of another

Synapse

According to the national survey that is mentioned in our book, what percent of people get a failing grade in healthy lifestyle habits?

about 97%

People who are autonomous _________________________.

are true to themselves

Remember that your ___________________ and _______________________ are predisposing influences on your capacity for change.

attitudes, beliefs

College students who report higher stress levels are more likely to ____________________________.

consume junk food and soft drinks

Refers to feelings and moods

emotional health

Which dimension of health refers to the impact your world has on your well-being?

environmental

Depression is twice as common in men as it is in women.

false

Which of the following is not a reason that college students don't seek help with psychological problems?

fear of their parents

Circadian rhythm sleep disorders are problems involving the timing of sleep. What are the two most common causes

jet lag, shift work

Being assertive includes __________________________

making your needs and desires clear to others

health describes our ability to perceive reality as it is, to respond to its challenges, and to develop rational strategies for living.

mental

a temporary state of mind or feeling.

mood

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of bipolar disorder?

mood swings

In a recent American Psychological Association survey of men and women across the country, one in three Americans said ___________________________ is/are a very or somewhat significant source of stress.

personal safety

_______________________ is the most prevalent type of anxiety disorder

phobias

What are the stages of change in order

precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance

If you play the piano as a child and do not practice regularly as an adolescent, your brain will _________________________________, and you piano playing ability will diminish.

prune the unused synapses

A combination of desirable psychological characteristics and positive social relationships

psychological well- being

A person suffering from PTSD may experience which of the following symptoms?

terror-filled dreams

Belief or pride in ourselves

self-esteem

The criteria by which one makes choices about one's thoughts, actions, goals, and ideals

values

A general term for how well individuals are doing in life

well- being

Those who are more likely to have major depression are

women, racial and ethical minorities, high school dropouts, divorced or not married individuals, those without jobs, those without health insurance.

What is the first step in the process of values clarification?

Carefully consider the consequences of each choice

Which of the following therapies focuses on modifying inappropriate or inaccurate thoughts or beliefs to help individuals break out of a distorted, maladaptive way of thinking.

Cognitive therapy

Branching fibers of a neuron that receive impulses and conduct them towards the nucleus

Dendrites

What is the most common mental ailment worldwide?

Depression

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of major disease?

Difficulty concentrating

Life circumstances such as income or marital status

10%

Thoughts, behaviors, beliefs, and goal-based activities

40%

On average a women has an attention span of 20 minutes where as a man has an attention span of _________?

5 min

Our happiness set point-----genetic component

50%

How many hours of sleep is recommended for someone ages 18-25 years of age?

7 to 9

A man has a life expectancy of 76 years, but a women has a life expectancy of _____________ years.

81

Overall which ethnic group is more likely to develop cancer?

African Amnerican

The ability to draw on internal resources

Autonomy

The long fiber that conducts impulses from the neuron's nucleus to its dendrites

Axon

The ending of an Axon

Axon terminal

Which of the following approaches to practicing positive psychology requires a person to expect positive experiences from life?

Becoming optimistic

When dealing with phobias what is the best approach to help someone?

Behavioral therapy

Which one of these is not a reinforcing factor?

Belittling

Learning from life experience and the capacity to question and evaluate information requires ________________ health.

Intellectual

____________________ is the term for people's explicit and conscious evaluations of their lives, often based on factors that each individual deems relevent.

Life Satisfaction

Which of the following statements is true about the impact of unhealthy choices on young Americans?

Obese children often grow into obese adults, with risks of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Traumatic events that may trigger acute stress disorder include which of the following?

Personal or physical assault

Which of the following anxiety disorders is treated with a process called systematic desensitization?

Phobia

Factors that influence health behavior that include knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, values, and perceptions are _______________ factors

Predisposing

No medical treatment, however successful or sophisticated, can compare with the power of ______________________.

Prevention

Depression looks different in men than in women in the following ways EXCEPT:

Produce less of certain metabolites of serotonin, which helps regulate mood

_____________________ takes into account the role of early experiences and unconscious influences in actively shaping behavior.

Psychodynamic psychotherapy

_____________________ can be defined as purposeful, enjoyable living or more specifically, a deliberate lifestyle choice characterized by personal responsibility and optimal enhancement of physical, mental, and spiritual health.

Wellness

Which of the following is one of the ways in which male and female brains differ?

When men actively think about something, meurons turn on in highly specific areas of the brain

About one in every ____________ adults in the United States suffers from mental illness at some point in life.

four

Excessive or unrealistic apprehension that causes physical symptoms, such as restlessness, fatigue, and muscle tension

generalized anxiety disorder

Another term for looking at an individual's health as a whole rather than part by part is ___________________________.

holistic

The basic working unit of the brain

neuron

Neustress is a term that has been introduced to refer to ______________________ stressors.

neutral

The central part of a cell

nucleus

An anxiety disorder characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions.

obsessive-compulsion disorder

Panic attacks ___________________________

occur more frequently among family members with the disorder

Areas of the brain responsible for tasks such as ____________ are not fully developed until the mid-20s.

organizing and planning

An anxiety disorder in which the apprehension or experience of recurring panic attacks is so intense that normal functioning is impaired

panic disorder

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder

realize that their behaviors are irrational.

Fulfillment of one's potential

self-actualization

What is the second leading cause of death among 15 to 24 year-olds in the United States?

suicide

About one in _________________ undergraduates has been diagnosed or treated for a mental disorder.

three

Neurons ____________________________________.

transmit information within the brain and throughout the body by means of electrical impulses and chemical messengers