Test 1
According to your readings, ________ was able to link external suppliers, which allowed it to obtain more than 70 percent of parts from outside the organization.
Chrysler
The ________ trend in computer hardware platforms explains how more and more people are using tablet devices to run enterprise wide software applications from remote locations.
Cloud computing
Based on the information in this video, which of the following describes high quality data?
Correct, Current, Complete
Information technology, especially the use of networks, can help firms lower the cost of ________, making it worthwhile for firms to contract with external suppliers instead of using internal sources.
market participation (transaction cost)
Which of the following technology drivers is described by Moore's Law?
microprocessing power
Which of the following options directly links consumer behavior to distribution and production and supply chains?
Efficient customer response system
Today, technologies are transforming firms' relationships with customers, employees, suppliers, and logistic partners into digital relationships using networks and the Internet. __________ refers to the use of digital technology and the Internet to execute the major business processes in the enterprise.
Electronic business
Which of the following best describes a network?
It links two or more computers to share data or resources
According to the value chain model, operations are considered a ________ of the firm.
primary activity
Nike sells customized sneakers through NIKEiD to establish ________.
product differentiation
As Julie explains to Trey, she needs sales data in order to plan future cookie production. Based on her explanation, data is defined as _____.
Recorded facts or figures
Which of the following is the correct classification for an organizational structure characterized as a task force organization that must respond to rapidly changing environments?
Adhocracy
Companies analyzing huge amounts of data, social media, and other data points represent an emerging area of ________.
Big Data
Which of the following is defined as Windows operating system software on a computer with an Intel microprocessor?
Wintel PC
The millions of product bar codes scanned at supermarket checkout counters everyday are examples of ________.
Data
A(n) ________, such as a clerk, uses data for things such as scheduling.
Data Worker
A cloud ________.
can be private or public
In 2017, American business spent ________ on information systems hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment.
$1 trillion
Which of the following best describes an organization?
An organization is a stable, formal social structure that takes resources from the environment and processes them to produce outputs.
How a company produces, delivers and sells its products and services in the marketplace is called a(n) ________.
Business Model
The logically related tasks and behaviors that companies carry out to achieve a specific outcome are called ________.
Business Processes
What is a disruptive technology?
Disruptive technologies can be substitute products that perform as well as or better than anything currently produced. In other cases, disruptive technologies simply extend the market, usually with less functionality and much less cost, than existing products.
What is an information system?
An information system can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization.
A scanner used to capture a product's code (i.e., SKU) is considered ________.
An input
Sanofi Pasteur is the vaccines division of a multinational pharmaceutical company. After implementing an enterprise social network, an idea shared by a building operator turned out to significantly reduce waste when managing a specific material in his production facility. The new procedure for handling the material saved his facility more than 100,000 Euros per year and became a global best practice at all Sanofi Pasteur production sites. Which of the following best describes a business process?
A business process is a logically related set of activities that defines how specific business tasks are performed, and it represents a unique way in which an organization coordinates work, information, and knowledge.
Which of the following statements best describes a strategic transition?
A change in an organization's culture and activities as the result of adopting a strategic information system.
__________ can be used to determine how much to spend on IT infrastructure and where to make strategic infrastructure investments.
A competitive forces model
Which of the following options increases the strength of the market entrant force?
A reduction in government or local regulations that govern an industry
As Julie explains to Trey, she needs information obtained from high quality data to help her make good decisions. Which of the following four documents would not be a good source of information for Julie?
A social media report that shows the total number of "likes" for each cookie.
Which of the following is an example of a key organizational complementary investment?
A supportive business culture that values efficiency and effectiveness, an appropriate business model, efficient business processes, decentralization of authority, highly distributed decision rights, and a strong information system (IS) development team
According to _________, a firm is viewed as a "nexus of contracts" among self-interest individuals rather than as a unified, profit-maximizing entity.
Agency Theory
can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization.
An information system
In every industry, there's a firm that stands out from others. These firms are said to have a competitive advantage over others: They either have access to special resources that others do not, or they are able to use commonly available resources more efficiently. Firms that stand out often become the metric to which others are compared. __________ involves comparing the efficiency and effectiveness of a business process against strict standards and then measuring the performance against those standards.
Benchmarking
refer to the set of logically related tasks and behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce specific business results and the unique manner in which these activities are organized and coordinated.
Business processes
A large grocery chain has implemented a new "scan, bag, and go" technology that allows customers to shop with greater independence. Which of the following options BEST describes the effect of this technology on business?
Businesses are using information technology to achieve higher levels of operational efficiency.
The local hospital has decided to digitize all of its medical records so that their patients can access the information from anywhere in the world. A highly respected consulting group came to the hospital several times to train the staff on the new digital system but only a fraction of the total staff attended a training session. Why do approximately 25% of businesses fail to align IT with its strategic goals or shareholder interest?
Businesspeople claim to not understand IT and ignore it.
In many companies, the IS department consists of people with diverse skills. Some are specialists in hardware or software, some are specialists creating or adapting information systems for different business functions, and still others are responsible for managing the entire group. Which of the following information systems department manager is responsible for insuring that the company complies with existing data privacy law
Chief privacy officer (CPO)
refers to a model of computing that provides access to a shared pool of computing resources over the Internet.
Cloud
Which of the following best describes a cloud-based software service?
Cloud-based software and the data it uses are hosted on powerful servers in data centers and can be accessed with an Internet connection and a standard Web browser.
Which of the following information technologies consists of detailed, preprogrammed instructions that control and coordinate the computer in an information system?
Computer software
A firm is organized financially as a collection of strategic business units and the returns to the firm are directly tied to the performance of all the strategic business units. Information systems can improve the overall performance of these business units by promoting synergies and supporting those activities that a particular business unit performs better than other. What are core competencies?
Core competencies are activities at which a firm excels as a world-class leader.
In this video dramatization, Julie and Trey discuss the need to document any changes they make to a cookie recipe. If they change the recipe for red velvet cookies and don't change the list of ingredients they use for the procurement of inputs, this is an example of failure of data to be _____.
Current
Which of the following options is NOT part of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure investment?
Current supply like your firm's services
In Porter's competitive forces model, the strategic position of the firm and its strategies are determined by competition with its traditional direct competitors, but they are also greatly affected by new market entrants, substitute products and services, suppliers, and customers. __________ is one of the four basic competitive strategies, and uses information systems to develop strong ties and loyalty with customers and suppliers
Customer and Supplier Intimacy
IBM DB2, Oracle, SQL Server, Sybase, MySQL, Apache, and Hadoop are all examples of which component?
Data management and storage
Some business intelligence systems support more non-routine choices managers make every day. Managers try to answer questions such as this What would happen to our return on investment if a factory schedule were delayed for six months? Which of the following best defines decision-support systems (DSS)?
Decision-support systems support management decisions that are unique and rapidly changing using advanced analytical methods.
A powerful, current example of a rapidly expanding ecosystem is the mobile Internet platform. In this ecosystem there are four industries; select the answer that identifies them.
Device makers, wireless telecommunication firms, independent software applications providers, and Internet service providers
If almost all an organization's significant business relationships are digitally enabled, it would be called a(n) ________.
Digital Firm
The following examples show how sometimes innovations radically change a business environment, and other times the innovations simply extend the market albeit with less functionality: The car replaced the horse-drawn carriage, the word processor replaced typewriters, the Apple iPod and streaming music service replaced portable CD players, and digital photography replaced process film photography. Which of the following best describes disruptive technologies?
Disruptive technologies are substitute products that perform as well as or better than anything currently produced.
Implementing information systems has economic, organizational, and behavioral effects on firms. Information technology, especially the use of networks, can help firms lower the cost of market participation (transaction costs), making it worthwhile for firms to contract with external suppliers instead of using internal sources. As a result, firms can shrink in size. In this example, information systems have what kind of an impact on an organization?
Economic
Typically, corporations are put together both through normal "organic" growth and through acquisition of smaller firms. Over a period of time, corporations end up with a collection of systems, most of them older, and face the challenge of getting them all to "talk" with one another and work together as one corporate system. Which of the following best describes enterprise applications?
Enterprise applications are systems that span functional areas and focus on executing business processes across the business firm, and include all levels of management.
_________ help businesses become more efficient by integrating functional business processes into a single information system that spans all business areas.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems
There are four major enterprise applications: enterprise systems, supply chain management systems, customer relationship management systems, and knowledge management systems. Each of these enterprise applications integrates a related set of functions and business processes to enhance the performance of the organization as a whole. Which of the following major enterprise applications are used to integrate business processes in manufacturing and production, finance and accounting, sales and marketing, and human resources into a single software system?
Enterprise systems
Executive support systems address non-routine decisions requiring judgment, evaluation, and insight because there is no agreed-on procedure for arriving at a solution. Which of the following best defines executive support systems (ESS)?
Executive support systems are information systems at the organization's strategic level designed to address unstructured decision making through advanced graphics and communications.
Firms use a(n) ________ to coordinate their activities with other firms.
Extranet
PCL Construction started moving its computing work to Microsoft's platform, which hosts and manages the hardware and software for running some of PCL's applications in remote computing centers. Staff working on PCL projects can access information from the Microsoft systems at any time and location using mobile devices as well as conventional desktop machines and an Internet connection. The developments in the scenario are part of the __________.
Growth in Cloud computing
Which of the following options is a page description language for generating Web pages (e.g., text, dynamic links)?
HTML
Which of the following is characteristic of the mainframe era?
Highly centralized computing
________ include(s) the strategy and policies for using information technology within an organization.
IT governance
Which of the following best defines IT infrastructure?
IT infrastructure is the shared technology resources that provide the platform for the firm's specific information system applications.
Which of the following is a good example of the relationship between information systems and operational excellence?
In 2018, Walmart achieved $500 billion in sales in large part because of its Retail Link system, which digitally links its suppliers to every one of Walmart's stores. As soon as a customer purchases an item, the supplier monitoring the item knows to ship a replacement to the shelf.
A raw fact shaped into a meaningful form is ________.
Information
________ includes components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in a business.
Information Systems
________ includes components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in a business.
Information Systems IS
How do information systems improve business processes?
Information systems improve the efficiency and/or effectiveness of business processes.
is defined as the shared technology resources that provide the platform for the firm's specific information systems applications.
Information technology infrastructure
Includes hardware and software an organization needs to compete in the marketplace
Informational Technology
What are the three main activities of an information system?
Input, processing, and output
Your firm's business strategy is a(n) ________ of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure.
Internal Part
The world's largest network is the ________.
Internet
Which of the following options has drastically reduced the costs of operating and transacting on a global scale?
Internet
In the music industry, ________ are considered a newer substitute for CD-based music stores.
Internet music sites
Using Internet technology to create an internal system is called a(n) ________.
Intranet
Firms have business information systems that focus on delivering information to support management decision making. Which of the following best describes business intelligence?
It is a contemporary term for data and software tools for organizing, analyzing, and providing access to data to help managers and other enterprise users make more informed decisions.
The people for whom applications are developed are playing an increasingly large role in the design and development of information systems. What is an end user?
It is a representative of departments outside of the information systems group for whom applications are developed.
A job opening for someone who "has the ability to use analytical reasoning and relevant judgment to address customer service issues, as well as generate new ideas," would be best filled by a(n) ________.
Knowledge Worker
Which of the following people are responsible for designing products or services and creating new knowledge for the firm?
Knowledge workers
__________ is an operating system created by the open source community.
Linux
Leadership, strategy, and management behavior are components of which dimension of information systems?
Management
________ deals with both behavioral and technical issues regarding information systems, and focuses on the development, use, and impact of systems by managers and employees.
Management Information Systems (MIS)
Which of the following options is a challenge to the sustainability of strategically implementing an information system?
Managing strategic transitions
Information systems can be used to create products and services that are personalized to meet a specific customer's requirements, termed __________.
Mass Customization
Which of the following are examples of an operating systems platform?
Microsoft Windows, Unix, Linux, MacOS, and Chrome
Most businesses make a mistake when it comes to adopting or implementing information technology because ________.
Most businesses make a mistake when it comes to adopting or implementing information technology because ________.
Which of the following is a microprocessor to which two or more processing cores have been attached for enhanced performance?
Multicore processor
Which of the following statements best describes nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices that are thousands of times smaller than current technologies permit.
__________ consists of both physical devices and software, links the various pieces of hardware, and transfers data from one physical location to another.
Networking and telecommunications technology
The manner in which work is organized, coordinated, and focused to produce a valuable product or service characterizes how a firm does business. These activities are supported by flows of material, information, and knowledge among the participants, often through linked information systems. How does the ability to download a Kindle e-book from Amazon, buy a computer online at Best Buy, and download a song from iTunes illustrate the way information systems affect business processes?
New information technology frequently changes the way a business works and supports entirely new business models.
If your firm is locked into older information systems that are expensive to maintain, this makes your firm vulnerable to _________.
New market entrants with the latest technology
________ is free software produced by a community of several hundred thousand programmers around the world.
Open source
In 2018, Walmart achieved $500 billion in sales in large part because of its Retail Link system, which digitally links its suppliers to every one of Walmart's stores. As soon as a customer purchases an item, the supplier monitoring the item knows to ship a replacement to the shelf. Business firms invest heavily in information systems to achieve six strategic business objectives: operational excellence; new products, services, and business models; customer and supplier intimacy; improved decision making; competitive advantage; and survival. This scenario is a good example of a business using information systems to achieve which of the following strategic business objectives?
Operational excellence
Regarding the IT infrastructure ecosystem, data management includes ________.
Oracle, SQL Server, and MySQL
The organization's hierarchy, functional specialties, business processes, culture, and political interest groups are components of which element of information systems?
Organization
Sending a copy of an airline ticket to your printer is an example of
Output
Firms that have computer-based, efficient supply chains can manage their suppliers' pricing behavior. This is an example of managing which of Porter's competitive forces?
Power of suppliers
According to the value chain model, sales and marketing is considered a ________ activity of the firm.
Primary
__________ is the function of an information system that converts raw input into a meaningful form.
Processing
Highly trained specialists create computer programs that carry out a task. They work closely with other specialists who have expertise in the task and are able to describe the task in the terms that help those creating the computer programs. Which of the following information system department specialists are highly trained technical specialists who write the software instructions for computers?
Programmers
Which of the following types of cloud computing is owned and maintained by a cloud service provider and made available to the general public or an industry group?
Public cloud
Google G Suite is an example of ________.
SaaS Software as a Service
Social business is the use of internal and external social networking platforms to engage employees, customers, and suppliers, and it can enhance collaborative work. Collaboration and social business enhance innovation, productivity, quality, and customer service. Which of the following best describes social business?
Social business is the use of social networking platforms, including Facebook, Twitter, and internal corporate social tools, to engage employees, customers, and suppliers to enhance collaborative work.
Today, many businesses use internal and external social networking platforms to engage employees, customers, and suppliers, and it can enhance collaborative work. This collaboration enhances innovation, productivity, quality, and customer service. __________ use social networking platforms, including Facebook, Twitter, and internal corporate social tools, to engage employees, customers, and suppliers to enhance collaborative work.
Social businesses
In which of the approaches to information systems is the performance of a system optimized when both the technology and the organization mutually adjust to one another until a satisfactory fit is obtained?
Sociotechnical
Which of the following are examples of key managerial complementary assets?
Strong senior management support for change, incentive systems that monitor and reward individual innovation, an emphasis on teamwork and collaboration, training programs, and a management culture that values flexibility and knowledge
managerial complementary assets.
Strong senior management support for change, incentive systems that monitor and reward individual innovation, an emphasis on teamwork and collaboration, training programs, and a management culture that values flexibility and knowledge are examples of
In Porter's competitive forces model how do information systems influence interfirm rivalry?
Superior information systems from a rival can reduce your position in the market
There are four major enterprise applications: enterprise systems, supply chain management systems, customer relationship management systems, and knowledge management systems. Each of these enterprise applications integrates a related set of functions and business processes to enhance the performance of the organization as a whole. Which of the four major enterprise applications automate the flow of information between a firm and its suppliers in order to optimize the planning, sourcing, manufacturing, and delivery of products and services?
Supply chain management systems
There are four major enterprise applications: enterprise systems, supply chain management systems, customer relationship management systems, and knowledge management systems. Each of these enterprise applications integrates a related set of functions and business processes to enhance the performance of the organization as a whole. Which of the following best describes supply chain management systems?
Supply chain management systems automate the flow of information between a firm and its suppliers in order to optimize the planning, sourcing, manufacturing, and delivery of products and services.
According to the value chain model, employee recruiting, hiring, and training are considered a ________ activity of the firm.
Support
The value chain model describes the series or chain of basic activities that add a margin of value to a firm's products or services. Some activities are directly related to an organizations manufacturing process, while other activities are related to an organization's capital resources. __________ consist of organization infrastructure (administration and management), human resources (employee recruiting, hiring, and training), technology (improving products and the production process), and procurement (purchasing input).
Support Activities
________ include two organizations sharing expertise.
Synergies
services ensure that a firm's new infrastructure works with the firm's older systems and that all parts of the firm's infrastructure work together.
System integration
Which of the following is a good example of the relationship between information systems and customer and supplier intimacy?
The Mandarin Oriental hotel in Manhattan keeps track of guest's preferences, such as their preferred room temperature and television programs, in a large data repository. Individual rooms are networked to a central network server computer, so that when a customer arrives, the system automatically changes the room conditions to meet each customer's specifications.
Firms often have a group of people responsible for their information system(s). These groups have leaders that direct the teamwork of programmers and analysts, project managers, physical facility managers, telecommunications managers, or database specialists. Which department consists of specialists such as programmers, systems analysts, and project leaders?
The information systems department
The management dimension of information systems involves which set of components?
The management dimension of information systems involves which set of components?
Which of the following statements best describes the sociotechnical approach?
The performance of a system is optimized when both the technology and the organization mutually adjust to one another until a fit is obtained
can be used to analyze direct and indirect costs to help firms determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations.
The total cost of ownership TCO Model
Which of the following best defines a value chain model?
The value chain model highlights specific primary and support activities in the business where competitive strategies can best be applied (Porter, 1985) and where information systems are most likely to have a strategic impact.
Which of the following best describes business processes?
They are the set of logically related tasks and behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce specific business results and the unique manner in which these activities are organized and coordinated.
Systems serving operational management, such as payroll or order processing, track the flow of the daily routine that is necessary to conduct business Which of the following best defines transaction processing systems (TPS)?
Transaction processing systems are systems serving operational management, such as payroll or order processing, that track the flow of the daily routine transactions necessary to conduct business.
Which of the following best describes virtualization?
Virtualization organizes computing resources so that their use is not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location.
Which of the following refers to loosely coupled software components based on open Web standards that work with any application software and operating system?
Web services
To align IT with the business and use information systems effectively for competitive advantage, managers need to perform a strategic systems analysis. To identify the types of systems that provide a strategic advantage to their firms, managers should ask the following question.
What are some of the competitive forces in the industry?
To identify the types of systems that provide a strategic advantage to their firms, select the list that contains all the questions managers should ask.
What is the structure of the industry in which the firm is located? What are the business, firm, and industry value chains for this particular firm? Have we aligned IT with our business strategy and goals?
Which of the following questions should managers be able to answer before implementing an IT?
Where in the value chain will information systems provide the greatest value to the firm?
In order to succeed in our jobs, we are all much more dependent on one another, our fellow employees, customers, suppliers, and managers. Some of these tools are expensive, but others are available online for free. What collaboration and social business tools are types of Web sites that make it easy for users to contribute and edit text content and graphics without any knowledge of Web page development or programming techniques?
Wikis
In most cases, a business ecosystem includes ________.
a few keystone firms
Organizations using information systems to deal with competitive forces __________.
achieve the lowest operational costs
An extranet is a system that shares data ________.
across multiple organizations
The Law of Mass Digital Storage suggests that the ________.
amount of digital information doubles each year
Java is __________.
an operating system- and hardware-independent programming language that is the leading interactive programming environment for the Web
From the point of view of economics, IT changes ________.
both the relative costs of capital and the costs of information
Instead of participating in a single industry, some of today's firms participate in industry sets or collections of industries that provide related services and products that deliver value to the customer. A __________ is loosely coupled but interdependent networks of suppliers, distributors, outsourcing firms, transportation service firms, and technology manufacturers.
business ecosystem
A(n) ________ includes interdependent networks of suppliers, distributors, and outsourcing firms.
business ecosystem
The data and software tools for organizing, analyzing, and providing access to data to help managers and other enterprise users make more informed decisions are referred to as ________ systems.
business intelligence
A collection of routines for producing goods and services is called a(n) ________.
business process
Based on your reading, information systems help businesses compete ________.
but sustaining a competitive advantage is challenging
Downloading a Kindle e-book from Amazon, buying a computer online at Best Buy, and downloading a music track from iTunes, are examples of how information systems help business processes ________.
change the flow of information
In many companies, the information systems department is headed by a(n) ________.
chief information officer (CIO)
Computer processing work that is split between a desktop computer and a more powerful computer that processes and stores shared data, serves up web pages, or manages network activities is called ________ .
client/server
Working together as a team to align a competitive strategy with the company's goals is an example of ________.
collaboration
The competitive advantages that strategic systems confer do not necessarily last long enough to ensure long-term profitability because ________.
competitors can retaliate and copy strategic systems
The technical approach to information systems includes ________.
computer science and management science
The disciplines that contribute to the technical approach (focusing on formal models and capabilities of systems) are:
computer science, management science, and operations research.
A key word in social business is ________.
conversations
Companies that establish a competitive advantage by having the lowest prices in an industry are using a ________ approach.
cost leadership
Businesses that collaborate and use social business often see benefits in productivity, quality, innovation, sales growth, and ________.
customer service
Customer relationship management includes ________.
customer support applications
A raw fact would be considered ________.
data
Enterprise social networking tools create business value by connecting the members of an organization through profiles, updates, and notifications similar to Facebook features but tailored to internal corporate uses. The permission and privacy capabilities of an enterprise social networking tool allows managers to ________.
determine who has access to information
A display which presents graphs and charts of key performance indicators on a single screen for managing a company is called a ________.
digital dashboard
An innovation that dramatically changes the business environment is called a(n) ________
disruptive technology
A(n) ________ is a commercially available set of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its own programs for business functions.
enterprise software application
A business firm has systems to support different groups or levels of management. Just as the responsibilities of different groups increase from the very structured to the unstructured, so too does the information systems that support them. Systems for senior management that provide data in the form of graphs, charts, and dashboards delivered via portals using many sources of internal and external information are called __________.
executive support systems (ESS)
A(n) ________ is used by senior managers to make decisions.
executive support system (ESS)
Competitor firms' IT services is a(n) ________ of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure.
external part
According to Moore's Law (1965), the ratio of price to performance has ________.
fallen
According to transaction cost theory, __________.
firms and individuals seek to spend less on the costs incurred when a firm buys on the marketplace what it cannot make itself
Information systems can ________ the organization by empowering lower-level employees.
flatten
Business processes that cross many different functional areas and require coordination across departments are supported by ________ among the participants.
flows of material, information, and knowledge
The power of the customer ________ if they have an easy time switching from one company (e.g., not having to pay an exit fee) to another.
grows
An IT infrastructure includes
hardware, software, services
A supply chain management system is considered a type of ________ system because it shares data across multiple organizations.
interorganizational
Primary activities are the value chain model category that _________.
is most directly related to the production and distribution of the firm's products and services, which creates value for the customer
A(n) ________ system helps capture, manage, and apply the experience of the organization.
knowledge management (KM)
The competitive rivalry force of the Internet is strong because it has ________.
made it easier for companies to compete on price alone
The typical computing configuration in 1960 was ________.
mainframe
Vail Ski Resort implemented a decision support system (DSS) in order to ________.
make better decisions about how to target their marketing programs
Management information systems (MIS) provide ________.
middle managers with reports on the organization's current performance
The more successfully a firm can align information technology with its business goals, the ________.
more profitable it will be
Internet sites like eBay (the giant online auction site) and iVillage (an online community for women) can be used by firms to build communities of users—like-minded customers who want to share their experiences. This builds customer loyalty and enjoyment and develops unique ties to customers. This scenario is an example of how information systems help businesses use __________ to achieve competitive advantage.
network-based strategies
A virtual company uses ________ to link people, assets, and ideas.
networks
With regards to substitute products, your firm will be at a competitive disadvantage if it does not create _____.
new technology based products
Regarding the IT infrastructure ecosystem, Microsoft Windows, Unix, and Mac OS X are examples of ________.
operating systems platforms
A complementary ________ asset is characterized by a supportive business culture in which efficiency and effectiveness are highly valued.
organizational
The observation that IT broadens the distribution of information, empowers lower-level employees, and increases management efficiency is an example of the ________ effect of information technology on organizations.
organizational and behavioral
The assumption that an MIS professor knows more about normalization than a student is an example of ________.
organizational culture
Because Walmart has an efficient inventory replenishing system, they are able to reduce ________ costs.
overhead
Transaction processing systems (TPS) are information systems that ________.
perform and record sales, receipts, cash deposits, payroll, and credit decisions in a factory
Salesforce's ________ provides a set of development tools and IT services that enable users to build new applications and run them in the cloud on their data center infrastructure.
platform as a service (PaaS)
The behavioral approach to information systems includes ________.
psychology and sociology
A positive regarding cloud computing includes ________.
rapid elasticity
A collaborative business culture is characterized by:
reliance on teams of employees to achieve and implement the results.
Another name for standard operating procedures for creating goods and services is (are) ________.
routines
When dealing with platform and infrastructure change, __________ refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down.
scalability
If a cookie company uses Facebook to help sell a product, they are embracing ________.
social business
The information systems approach to this textbook is the ________.
sociotechnical approach
Google Apps are an example of ________.
software as a service (SaaS)
The __________ to information systems emphasizes mathematically based models to study information systems, as well as physical technology and formal capabilities of these systems
technical approach
A company that produces a new low-cost product based on improved decision making has likely achieved a(n) ________.
strategic business objective
Porter's competitive forces are useful to analyze a firm's information systems and identify its _____.
strategic position within its industry
According to the value chain model, technology is considered a ________ of the firm.
support activity
In an effort to reduce travel expenses and enable people in different locations to meet and collaborate, many companies, both large and small, are adopting videoconferencing and web conferencing technologies. An integrated audio and visual environment which allows a person to give the appearance of being present at a location other than the person's true physical location is called __________.
telepresence technology
E-business includes activities for the internal management of the firm and for coordination with suppliers and other business partners. It also includes electronic commerce, or e-commerce. An electronic business refers to __________.
the use of digital technology and the Internet to execute the major business processes in the enterprise
Functional information systems that operate independently of one another are becoming a thing of the past because ________.
they make sharing information across functional systems difficult
IT affects the cost and quality of information and changes the economics of information. Information technology helps firms contract in size because it can reduce the costs incurred when a firm obtains external resources. According to __________, firms and individuals seek to spend less on the costs incurred when a firm buys on the marketplace what it cannot make itself.
transaction cost theory
A ________ consists of a networked system that can synchronize the value chains of business partners ________.
value web; within an industry
Setting up a system so that it is not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location is an example of ________.
virtualization
Gipsi runs a manufacturing company. She recently invested in ________ computing devices because she wanted to improve productivity by delivering information to workers without requiring them to interrupt their tasks
wearable
Teams have a specific mission that someone in the business assigned to them. Team members need to work together on the accomplishment of specific tasks and collectively achieve the team mission. The team mission might be to "win the game" or "increase online sales by 10 percent." Collaboration is __________.
working with others to achieve shared and explicit goals
Is a markup language that allows for tagging selected elements of the content of documents for their meanings and is used for transferring data.
xml
The size of a nanotube is about ________ thinner than a human hair.
10,000 times
Which of the following systems would BEST support managers who focus on unique problems for which the procedure to arrive at a solution may not be fully predefined in advance?
Decision-support
Which of the following is NOT an example of a company's transaction processing system?
Walmart's internal email system
When Julie describes calculating the average number of cookies sold in February, she is describing an example of obtaining _____ from _____.
information; data
Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) provides ________.
processing, storage, and networking resources
