Test 1

a parasagittal plane is

any sagittal plane except the median

the study of tissues is

histology

each lollipop-shaped molecule has a polar head that is charged and _____ , and an uncharged , nonpolar tail that is _____

hydrophilic hydrophobic

watery perspiration is an example of a(n) ______ secretion

merocrine

the final sub-phase of mitosis

telophase

which of the following statements is correct regarding diffusion

the greater the concentration of gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion

the plasma membrane (cell membrane) is

the phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell

select the correct statement regarding multicellular exocrine glands

the secretory cells of holocrine glands release their product by rupturing the entire cell

which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity

thoracic cavity

what is the incorrect statement

thumb is medial to little finger

organized groups of cells (plus their intercellular substance) that have a common purpose form a(n)

tissue

transcytosis is

transporting an endosome from one side of a cell to the to other and releasing the contents by exocytosis

a horizontal section through the body is called

transverse

Tor F. a process by which large particles may be taken into the cell for protection of the body or for disposing of old or dead cells is called phagocytosis

true

Tor F. simple cuboidal epithelial are usually associated with secretion and absorption

true

Tor F. smooth muscle cells posses central nuclei but lack striations

true

the heart lies in the ______ cavity

ventral pericardial

choose the following statement that is not completely correct regarding serous membranes.

visceral pericardium covers the surface of the heart, and parietal pericardium lines the walls of the heart

the single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60-80% of body weight is

water

which of the following relationships is incorrect

....

what is the energy source for exocytosis

ATP

choose the correct subphase when the cell is metabolically active and growing vigorously

G1

choose the correct subphase when enzymes and other proteins needed for division are synthesized and moved to their proper sites

G2

the organelle that packages, modifies and segregates proteins for secretion from the cell is the

Golgi apparatus

choose the correct subphase when DNA replicated itself

S

once solid material is phagocytized and taken into a vacuole, which of the following statements best describe what happens

a lysosomes combines with the vacuole and digests the enclosed solid material

homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains

a relatively stable internal environment, within limits

work is done (i.e. ATP is expended) during which transport processes

active transport

active transport performs the following major functions except

always moves solutes to equilibrium

a structure that is composed of two or more tissues would be

an organ

choose the correct subphase when the moving chromosomes look "v-shaped"

anaphase

which of the following is a type of secretion in which some cytoplasm is lost with the product

apocrine

phospholipids

are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic in nature

the anatomical position is used

as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body

place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex

atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organ

the dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following

brain

the major types of lipid found in the plasma membrane are

cholesterol and phospholipids

the vesicles that bud off the ER move to an fuse with the Golgi apparatus's ____ (or receiving face); are modified, tagged and bud of or its ____ (or shipping face)

cis, trans

the three basic types of fibers in connective tissue are

collagen, reticular, and elastic

scar tissue is a variety of

connective tissue

mitochondria

contain the RNA and DNA necessary for their own duplication

an epithelial membrane

contains simple or stratified epithelia and a basement membrane

consists of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

cutaneous membrane

which statement is not true concerning characteristics of life?

each organ system is isolated from all other body systems

choose the correct subphase when the chromatin threads coil and condense making the chromatids visible under microscopy with an intact nuclear envelope

early prophase

the shape of the external ear is maintained by

elastic cartilage

lines blood vessels and the heart

endothelium

which of the following is true about epithelia

endothelium provides a slick surface lining all hollow cardiovascular organs

a good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be

enhancement of labor contractions by oxytocin

close examination of an organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. the layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells is open to the internal cavity of the organ. this tissue is probably

epithelium

the gland type that secretes products such as milk, saliva, bile or sweat through a duct is an

exocrine gland

requires the presence of an integral membrane protein

facilitated diffusion and active transport

Tor F. a major function of serous membranes is to increase friction

false

Tor F. endocrine glands are often called ducted glands

false

Tor F. intercalated discs and striations suggest the presence of skeletal muscle

false

Tor F. reticular fibers are the most abundant and strongest connective tissue fiber type

false

Tor F. the glycocalyx is often referred o as the "cell or sugar coat," which is somewhat fuzzy and sticky with numerous cholesterol chains sticking out from the surface of the cell membrane

false

Tor F. the structural and functional unit of life is the atom

false

ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus functionally act in sequence to synthesize and modify proteins for secretory use (export) only, nerve for use by the cell. this statement is

false, integral cell membrane proteins are also synthesized this way

a vertical section through the body, dividing in into anterior and posterior, is called:

frontal

multicellular exocrine glands can be classified

functionally into merocrine, holocrine, and apocrine divisions

the only example of unicellular exocrine glands are

goblet cells

the three main components of connective tissue are

ground substance, fibers, and cells

the first step in tissue repair involves

inflammation

select the correct statement regarding tissue repair

inflammation cause capillaries to dilate and become permeable

vesicles containing cellular products destined for secretion, move to the cell surface. after integrating into the plasma membrane, the ____ surface of the vesicle becomes the ____ surface of the plasma membrane

inner, outer

active transport usually occurs through channels composed of

integral membrane proteins

unlike cartilage, bone

is very vascular

which of these is not a function of the plasma membrane

it prevents potassium ions from leaking our of the cell

select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue

its primary function is nutrient storage

what is the energy source for facilitated diffusion

kinetic energy

what is the energy source for simple diffusion

kinetic energy

choose the correct subphase when the nuclear envelope fragments but still providing microscopically visible chromatids

late prophase

the parietal pleura would represent a serous membrane

lining the lung cavity

the red color and heat associated with inflamed tissue is the result

local vasodilation

the epithelium of serous membranes linin the ventral body cavities

mesothelium

which structures are fingerlike projections that greatly increases the absorbing surface of cells

microvilli

the organelle that is the site for ATP synthesis is the

mitochondria

passive membrane transport processes include

movement of a substance down its concentration gradient

found lining the digestive and respiratory tracts

mucous membrane

the epithelial membrane that lines body cavities

mucous membrane

the membrane lining body cavities that open to the exterior is a(n)

mucous membrane

which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms?

negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body

two of these organ systems bear the major responsibility for ensuring homeostasis of the internal environment,

nervous and endocrine systems

most of the glycolipids present in animal cells are restricted to the _______ of the two monolayers

outer surface

the anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except?

palms turned posteriorly

the heart is located in the following cavities:

pericardial, ventral, and thoracic

______ epithelium appears to have two or three layers of cells, but all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane

pseudostratified columnar

the organelle that is the site of protein synthesis is/are the

ribosomes

when dividing the abdomen into nine topographical regions, which one is located to the right of the mid-clavicular line and immediately superior to the transverse pyloric plane

right hypochondriac region

makes up the pleura and pericardium

serous membrane

the epithelial membrane that lines the closed ventral cavities of the body

serous membrane

adhesions occur when

serous membranes are damaged

movement can occur in either direction across the membrane, depending on the prevailing concentration gradient

simple and facilitated diffusion

applies only to small, nonpolar solutes

simple diffusion

doubling the concentration gradient of the molecule will double the rate of movement in

simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion

the two movements associated with passive movement from high concentration to low concentration are

simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion

the muscle tissue that shows no striation is ______ muscle

smooth

the organelle that is the site for lipid and steroid synthesis is the

smooth ER

a epithelium that has several layers, with an apical layer of flattened cells, is called

stratified and squamous