Test #1 - Reproduction PrepU

The nurse would expect which client to be at a high risk for developing a pelvic support disorder? a 60-year-old mother with four children an 18-year-old college freshman a 30-year-old who just gave birth to twin girls a 29-year-old mother of one son

a 60-year-old mother with four children Women may experience pelvic support disorders related to pelvic relaxation or urinary continence. These disorders usually develop after years of wear and tear on the muscles and tissues that support the pelvic floor, such as what occurs with childbearing, chronic coughing, straining, surgery, or simply aging.

A client has been admitted with primary syphilis. Which signs or symptoms should the nurse expect to see with this diagnosis? patchy hair loss and red, broken skin involving the scalp, eyebrows, and beard areas one or more flat, wartlike papules in the genital area that are sensitive to touch copper-colored macules on the palms and soles that appeared after a brief fever a painless genital ulcer that appeared about 3 weeks after unprotected sex

a painless genital ulcer that appeared about 3 weeks after unprotected sex A painless genital ulcer is a symptom of primary syphilis. Macules on the palms and soles after fever are indicative of secondary syphilis, as is patchy hair loss. Wartlike papules are indicative of genital warts.

A client with trichomoniasis is to receive metronidazole. What should the nurse instruct the client to avoid while taking this drug? caffeine chocolate alcohol nicotine

alcohol The client should be instructed to avoid consuming alcohol when taking metronidazole because severe nausea and vomiting could occur. There is no need to avoid nicotine, chocolate, or caffeine when taking metronidazole.

A 24-year-old female presents with vulvar pruritus accompanied by irritation, pain on urination, erythema, and an odorless, thick, acid vaginal discharge. She denies sexual activity during the last six months. Her records show that she has diabetes mellitus and uses oral contraceptives. Which category of antimicrobial medication is most likely to clear her symptoms? an azole antifungal agent an antiviral agent a quinolone antibiotic a penicillin antibiotic

an azole antifungal agent The character of the discharge and the lack of recent sexual activity suggest infection with Candida, which can exist asymptomatically and flare up only if conditions, such as an imbalance in normal vaginal flora resulting from antibiotic treatment, diabetes, or oral contraceptive use, enable the fungus to proliferate. Candidiasis responds well to treatment with azole antifungal agents.

A couple is discussing starting a family with the nurse. When should the nurse suggest genetic counseling? before the second child after conception before they conceive in the second trimester

before they conceive The best time for genetic testing is prior to conception. This allows for the couple to discuss risks and plan appropriately.

Assessment of a client reveals evidence of a cystocele. The nurse interprets this as: bulging of the bladder into the vagina. herniation of the rectum into the vagina. protrusion of intestinal wall into the vagina. downward displacement of the cervix.

bulging of the bladder into the vagina. A cystocele is the bulging of the bladder into the vagina. A rectocele is a herniation of the rectum into the vagina. An enterocele is a protrusion of the intestinal wall into the vagina. A uterovaginal prolapse is the downward displacement of the cervix anywhere from low in the vagina to outside the vagina.

The nurse encourages a female client with human papillomavirus (HPV) to receive continued follow-up care because she is at risk for: dyspareunia. cervical cancer. dysmenorrhea. infertility.

cervical cancer. Clinical studies have confirmed that HPV is the cause of essentially all cases of cervical cancer. Therefore, the client needs continued follow-up for routine Papanicolaou testing. HPV is not associated with an increased risk for infertility, dyspareunia, or dysmenorrhea.

A nurse is required to assess a client reporting unusual vaginal discharge for bacterial vaginosis. For which classic manifestation of this condition should the nurse assess? characteristic "stale fish" odor dysfunctional uterine bleeding erythema in the vulvovaginal area heavy yellow discharge

characteristic "stale fish" odor Symptoms of bacterial vaginosis include a characteristic "stale fish" odor and thin, white homogeneous vaginal discharge, not heavy yellow discharge. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is a sign of chlamydia, not bacterial vaginosis. Erythema in the vulvovaginal area is a symptom of vulvovaginal candidiasis, not bacterial vaginosis.

Which stage or period of syphilis occurs when the infected person has no signs or symptoms of syphilis? latency secondary primary tertiary

latency A period of latency occurs when the infected person has no signs or symptoms of syphilis. Secondary syphilis occurs when the hematogenous spread of organisms from the original chancre leads to generalized infection. Primary syphilis occurs 2 to 3 weeks after initial inoculation with the organism. Tertiary syphilis presents as a slowly progressive inflammatory disease with the potential to affect multiple organs.

When developing the plan of care for a woman who has had an abdominal hysterectomy, the nurse would identify which action as contraindicated? massaging the client's legs applying elasticized stockings encouraging range-of-motion exercises ambulating the client

massaging the client's legs After an abdominal hysterectomy, massaging the client's legs would be contraindicated because the woman is at risk for venous stasis, thrombophlebitis, and thromboembolism. Ambulation, elasticized stockings, and range-of-motion exercises would be appropriate to reduce the woman's risk for thrombophlebitis.

A 58-year-old client comes to the clinic for evaluation. After obtaining the client's history, the nurse suspects endometrial cancer. Which information would lead the nurse to this suspicion? use of intrauterine device for 3 years menopause occurring at age 46 use of oral contraceptives between ages 18 and 25 onset of painless, bright red postmenopausal bleeding

onset of painless, bright red postmenopausal bleeding Any episode of bright red painless bleeding occurring after menopause needs to be investigated. Abnormal uterine bleeding in postmenopausal women should be regarded with suspicion. Oral contraceptive use is associated with cervical cancer. Late menopause (after age 52) is associated with endometrial cancer. Use of an intrauterine device is not associated with endometrial cancer.

A client presents to the clinic with a temperature of 102.4°F (39.1°C) and lower abdominal pain. The client had an intrauterine device (IUD) inserted 1 week ago. Which prescription will the nurse anticipate from the health care provider? oral doxycycline IUD removal admit for inpatient treatment abdominal ultrasound

oral doxycycline The client is presenting with signs of infection related to the IUD placement. Although infection following IUD placement is rare, it can occur. The client would be prescribed antibiotic therapy. Often, the client is prescribed multiple antibiotics which may include doxycycline, a cephalosporin, and sometimes metronidazole. There is no need to remove the IUD at this time. The infection can be treated with the IUD in place. An ultrasound is not needed, because the infection is indicated with recent IUD placement. The client can be treated at home and does not have to be admitted to the hospital at this time.

A woman at the infertility clinic for the first time asks, "What could have caused my infertility?" Learning has taken place when the woman can identify which common causes of infertility? Select all that apply. ovarian dysfunction absence of uterus blocked fallopian tubes endometriosis cervical factors

ovarian dysfunction blocked fallopian tubes endometriosis In women, ovarian dysfunction, tubal/pelvic pathology, and endometriosis are the primary contributing factors to infertility.

After teaching a local woman's group about incontinence, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which characteristic of stress incontinence? sneezing as an initiating stimulus developing most often in women in their 30s passing a large amount of urine feeling a strong need to void

sneezing as an initiating stimulus Stress incontinence is characterized by the involuntary passage of a small amount of urine in response to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, such as with sneezing, coughing, laughing, or physical exertion. It develops commonly in women in their 40s and 50s due to the weakening of the muscles and the ligaments in the pelvis after birth.

A nurse in the sexual health clinic is assessing a male adolescent client, who has sex with men, for sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk factors. Which factor would the nurse identify as presenting the highest risk for STIs? the number of sexual partners the age of the client sexual orientation of the client risky sexual behaviors

the age of the client Adolescents tend to think they are invincible and deny the risks of their behavior. This risky behavior exposes them to STIs. Adolescents frequently have unprotected intercourse and they engage in partnerships of limited duration. The other options are all risk factors, but just the fact the client is an adolescent places the client more at risk for a STI, because adolescents will engage in risky sexual behaviors with a larger number of sexual partners without considering risks. The client's sexual orientation should not place the client at risk if precautions are taken.

A 28-year-old client comes to the family planning clinic asking for a prescription for oral contraceptive pills (OCPs).The client's history reveals: allergy to latex irregular menstrual cycles history of thrombophlebitis severe dysmenorrhea history of migraines Which finding(s) alerts the nurse about the need to discuss the possibility of another contraceptive choice? Select all that apply. irregular menstrual cycles thrombophlebitis history migraines latex allergy client age dysmenorrhea

thrombophlebitis history migraines Oral contraceptive pills (OCs) produce an increased tendency toward clotting as an effect of the increased estrogen. Therefore, OCs are not routinely prescribed for women with a history of thromboembolic disease or a family history of cerebrovascular accident (stroke), who have ischemic heart disease, who have migraine with aura, or who smoke. The client's age would not be a contraindication for this type of contraceptive. A latex allergy would impact the client's ability to use condoms. Irregular menstrual cycles or dysmenorrhea would be an indication for OCs.

Copious amounts of frothy, greenish vaginal discharge would be a symptom of which infection? candidiasis trichomoniasis Gardnerella vaginalis vaginitis gonorrhea

trichomoniasis The discharge associated with infection caused by Trichomonas organisms is homogenous, greenish gray, watery, and frothy or purulent. The discharge associated with candidiasis is thick, white, and resembles cottage cheese in appearance. The discharge associated with infection due to G. vaginalis is thin and grayish white, with a marked fishy odor. With gonorrhea, vaginal discharge is purulent when present but, in many women, gonorrhea produces no symptoms.

A community health nurse is presenting to group of adolescents on how to reduce their risks of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The nurse feels confident learning has taken place when the participants identify which as the best preventive measure? engaging only in oral sex using latex condoms during sexual activity using combination oral contraceptives abstaining from sexual activity

using latex condoms during sexual activity Safer-sex practices that include limiting the number of sexual partners and using latex condoms must be recommended to all sexually active individuals. Healthy People 2030 advocates for the increase in the proportion of sexually active persons aged 15 to 19 years who use condoms to provide barrier protection against disease. Abstinence is the safest way to protect them from an STI, but it has not been proven as a successful strategy for teens. Oral contraceptives will not protect them from an STI. They may still acquire an STI with oral sexual activity.

Which finding would alert the nurse to suspect that a client has a yeast infection? vulvar burning and itching lymphadenopathy changes in skin color acidic vaginal secretions

vulvar burning and itching The primary symptom of a yeast infection is burning and itching on the vulva or in the vagina. Acidic vaginal secretions are not the primary symptoms of a yeast infection. Skin changes and lymphadenopathy may occur in the breast and require a follow up for breast exam; however, these are not associated with yeast infections.

In preparing a talk about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) of chlamydia and gonorrhea for high school students, the nurse should emphasize which group(s) as being at high risk? Select all that apply. women who are single persons using consistent barrier protection individuals with multiple sex partners persons with a lack of personal hygiene women under the age of 25 years

women who are single individuals with multiple sex partners women under the age of 25 years High-risk groups include single women, women younger than 25 years, black women, women with a history of STIs, those with new or multiple sex partners, those with inconsistent use of barrier contraception, and women living in communities with high infection rates. Lack of personal hygiene is not considered a risk factor for STIs.

A nurse is conducting a class for a local woman's group about recommendations for a Papanicolaou test. One of the participants asks, "At what age should a woman have her first test?" The nurse responds by stating that a woman should have her first Papanicolaou test at which age? 21 18 25 28

21 Although professional medical organizations disagree as to the recommended frequency of screening for cervical cancer, ACOG (2018b) recommends that cervical cancer screening should begin at age 21 years (regardless of sexual history), since women younger than age 21 are at very low risk for cancer.

A client diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV) asks the nurse if she will be at risk for developing cervical cancer. The nurse best responds by making which statement? "Certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV) have been associated with causing cervical cancer." "Cervical cancer is typically caused by the herpes simplex virus, not the human papillomavirus (HPV)." "You will likely contract cervical cancer so frequent screening testing will be very important." "If you get the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine you will no longer be at risk for developing cervical cancer."

"Certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV) have been associated with causing cervical cancer." The human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with causing both genital warts and cervical cancer. There is not enough information to definitively indicate that this client will or will not contract cancer. The herpes simplex virus is associated with shingles and genital herpes, not cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine prevents certain strains of HPV, but does not decrease the risk for cervical cancer if the person has already been exposed to the virus.

A 20-year-old male has been diagnosed with a chlamydial infection, and his primary care provider is performing teaching in an effort to prevent the client from infecting others in the future. Which statement by the client demonstrates understanding of his health problem? "Each of the 3 stages of the disease seems to be worse than the previous one." "Even though I couldn't end up sterile, a woman that I give it to certainly could." "Either me or a partner could end up with an eye infection from chlamydia that could make us blind." "Even if I spread it to someone else, there's a good chance she won't have any symptoms or knows she has it."

"Even if I spread it to someone else, there's a good chance she won't have any symptoms or knows she has it." Seventy-five percent of women with chlamydial infections are asymptomatic. Blindness is a rare complication in adults who live in industrialized countries, and both men and women can become sterile from the effects. Syphilis, not chlamydia infection, has a course of three distinct stages.

The nurse is educating a female client experiencing cyclical breast pain. Which statement by the client indicates additional teaching is needed? "Taking oral contraceptives and calcium supplements may be a good option for me." "I will reduce the amount of caffeine I consume each day to help with breast pain." "I should avoid eating prepacked and processed foods such as canned soup and hot dogs." "I will wear a supportive bra while awake and moving when I experience breast pain."

"I will wear a supportive bra while awake and moving when I experience breast pain." Women who experience cyclical breast pain should wear a supportive bra 24 hours a day while experiencing the pain. Caffeine and too much salt can contribute to fibrocystic breast changes; therefore, these should be avoided when possible. Medications such as oral contraceptives, tamoxifen, and calcium supplements have been shown to decrease cyclical breast pain.

A nurse is teaching personal hygiene care techniques to a client with genital herpes. Which statement by the client indicates the teaching has been effective? "I should rub rather than scratch in response to itching." "I will wear loose cotton underwear." "I can pour hydrogen peroxide and water over my lesions." "I will apply a water-based lubricant to my lesions."

"I will wear loose cotton underwear." Wearing loose cotton underwear promotes drying and helps avoid irritation of the lesions. The use of lubricants is contraindicated because they can prolong healing time and increase the risk of secondary infection. Lesions should not be rubbed or scratched because of the risk of tissue damage and additional infection. Cool, wet compresses can be used to soothe the itch. The use of hydrogen peroxide and water on lesions is not recommended.

The nurse is teaching college students about human papillomavirus (HPV). Which statement made by a college student indicates additional teaching is needed? "The HPV vaccine is recommended for males and females, even for those who are not sexually active yet." "There currently is not a test that can detect if someone has been exposed to HPV." "Most people who contract HPV will not have any long-term effects from the virus." "People exposed to HPV will show symptoms within 1 to 3 weeks of being exposed."

"People exposed to HPV will show symptoms within 1 to 3 weeks of being exposed." The nurse will provide clarification for stating symptoms will develop within 1 to 3 weeks of exposure. Many people exposed to HPV never develop symptoms or they may develop symptoms years later. HPV most often self-resolves without the person ever knowing they were exposed. The HPV vaccine is recommended for males and females who are 11 to 12 years of age (can be as young as 9 years of age). It is best to receive the vaccine before becoming sexually active to ensure protection is in place prior to exposure. There is not a test to show someone has been exposed. If the person does not develop symptoms, such as cervical cancer or genital warts, exposure often is unknown.

A client with genital herpes simplex infection asks the nurse, "Will I ever be cured of this infection?" Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? "Once you have the infection, you develop an immunity to it." "There is no cure, but drug therapy helps to reduce symptoms and recurrences." "All you need is a dose of penicillin and the infection will be gone." "There is a new vaccine available that prevents the infection from returning."

"There is no cure, but drug therapy helps to reduce symptoms and recurrences." Genital herpes is a lifelong viral infection. No cure exists, but antiviral drug therapy helps to reduce or suppress symptoms, shedding, and recurrent episodes. A vaccine is available for HPV infection but not genital herpes. Penicillin is used to treat syphilis. No immunity develops after a genital herpes infection.

A pregnant client asks the nurse if the fetus can be tested for Down syndrome. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate? "Of course. The primary health care provider can prescribe a DNA analysis for this." "Yes, a chromosomal analysis can be done to assess for Down syndrome." "You need to be sure you want to know this information before you think about being tested." "When you have ultrasounds done, they look for signs of Down syndrome."

"Yes, a chromosomal analysis can be done to assess for Down syndrome." Chromosomal analysis is part of the genetic testing for Down syndrome. The nurse would state this for the client to directly answer the client's question. A DNA analysis may be used in the detection of genetic diseases. The nurse should not avoid answering the client's question. While features of Down syndrome may be seen on ultrasound, the client asked if testing could be completed and the nurse should address this question.

The nurse is teaching a male client how to properly apply a male condom. Place the actions in the correct sequence for condom application. Use all options.

1. carefully open the condom wrapper 2. place the condom over the head of the erect penis 3. pinch air out of the tip of the condom 4. unroll the condom completely down the erect penis 5. after sex but before removing the penis, hold the base of the condom 6. remove the condom and dispose properly The proper steps for male condom application are: (1) Carefully open the condom; (2) Place the condom over the head of the erect penis (to ensure proper, tight fit); (3) Pinch air out of the tip of the condom (to allow room for ejaculatory fluid); (4) Unroll the condom completely down the erect penis (to place over the entire penis); (5) After sex but before removing the penis, hold the base of the condom (to prevent fluid from being spilled onto the partner); and (6) Remove the condom and dispose properly.

The nurse is preparing to assess a new client who has arrived for her initial visit with a gynecologist specializing in menopause issues. The nurse anticipates the client will be in which age group? 53 to 58 47 to 55 45 to 50 49 to 56

47 to 55 Menopause refers to the time in a women's life when reproductive capability ends. The average age at which menopause occurs is between 47 and 55 years. Although it is possible to start menopause earlier or later, 47 to 55 is the typical age.

Sperm maturation occurs in which portion of the male reproductive system? Epididymis Prostate Seminiferous tubules Vas deferens

Epididymis The epididymis, an intricate coil of ducts posterior to the testes, is the sight of sperm maturation. The vas deferens is the tube through which the mature sperm begin their journey out of the body. The seminiferous tubules are where production of sperm occurs. The prostate is a gland that has no bearing on maturation of sperm.

A perimenopausal woman reports experiencing increasing discomforts with intercourse and problems with lubrication. What information should the nurse include in the information provided to the client? Select all that apply. The loss of lubrication is associated with falling calcium levels in the perimenopausal woman. Falling estrogen levels cause these vaginal changes and associated dryness. Water-soluble lubricants can be used to reduce the dryness. This dryness is likely caused by an infection. The decline in progesterone levels as the woman's body nears menopause results in a loss of lubrication.

Falling estrogen levels cause these vaginal changes and associated dryness. Water-soluble lubricants can be used to reduce the dryness. As the woman's body nears and enters menopause the estrogen levels fall. This decline in estrogen levels impacts the vagina. The vaginal walls begin to atrophy and there is a loss of lubrication. This results in dyspareunia (painful intercourse). Progesterone levels do not impact vaginal lubrication. Progesterone has a role in the regulation of menstruation. Water-soluble lubricants can be beneficial for intercourse and reduce the discomfort. Although the levels of serum calcium may be lessened in menopause, this is not associated with the sexual discomforts being described. There are no symptoms that support the presence of an infection.

A nurse is teaching a group of pregnant young women about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and the possible effects that may occur in the fetus or newborn. Which STIs would the nurse describe as being transmitted to the newborn during birth? Select all that apply. HIV gonorrhea syphilis genital herpes chlamydia

HIV gonorrhea genital herpes chlamydia Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and genital herpes can be transmitted to the fetus/newborn during birth. An infected mother can transmit HIV infection to her newborn before or during birth and through breastfeeding. Syphilis can be transmitted to the fetus while in utero.

A nurse is educating a 43-year-old female client about required lifestyle changes to help avoid breast cancer. Which instructions regarding diet and food habits should the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply. Increase liquid intake to 3 L daily. Consume at least five servings of proteins daily. Limit intake of processed foods. Restrict intake of salted foods. Consume seven or more portions of complex carbohydrates daily.

Limit intake of processed foods. Restrict intake of salted foods. Consume seven or more portions of complex carbohydrates daily. The nurse should instruct the client to restrict intake of salted foods, limit intake of processed foods, and consume seven or more daily portions.

To assist the woman in regaining control of the urinary sphincter after bladder surgery, the nurse should teach the client to perform which action? Perform Kegel exercises daily. Take a laxative every night. Limit the intake of fluid. Void every hour while awake.

Perform Kegel exercises daily. After bladder surgery, the client should perform Kegel exercises daily to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles. Bladder training with voiding every 3 to 5 hours helps to establish normal voiding intervals. Fluids should not be limited; however, the woman should avoid fluids that are irritants, such as caffeinated fluids, soda, and alcohol. Constipation is to be avoided, but a high-fiber diet rather than daily laxative use is recommended.

A nurse is reading a journal article about treatment options for fibroids (leiomyomas). Which information would the nurse most likely find as a disadvantage associated with uterine artery embolization? Select all that apply. Radiation and contrast dye are used. The procedure often causes pain. It can negatively affect fertility. The fibroids can regrow after the procedure. The procedure is noninvasive.

Radiation and contrast dye are used. The procedure often causes pain. It can negatively affect fertility. Uterine artery embolization is frequently painful, minimally invasive, and requires the use of radiation and contrast dye. In addition, although future fertility is possible, there is a possibility of a negative effect on fertility. Fibroids can regrow after treatment with hormones, a noninvasive treatment.

A nurse is providing follow-up teaching to a client regarding the medically induced termination of her pregnancy. Which assessment finding should the nurse tell the client to report to the health care provider? Select all that apply. Severe abdominal pain Severe depression or sadness Vaginal bleeding of more than two pads per hour Oral temperature of 101.5°F (38.6℃) Mild cramping

Severe abdominal pain Severe depression or sadness Vaginal bleeding of more than two pads per hour The nurse should educate the client to notify the health care provider if there is vaginal bleeding of more than two pads an hour, severe abdominal pain or tenderness, and severe depression or sadness. The client should contact the health care provider if an oral temperature of greater than 102.4°F (39.1℃) or abdominal pain or tenderness occurs.

The public health nurse is teaching young adolescents in a sexual health class the proper use of a condom. Which statements made by the students indicate teaching was successful? Select all that apply. Baby oil is an acceptable lubrication. Store the condoms in a cool, dry place. Ensure a tight fit of the condom. Only use latex condoms. Place the condom on an erect penis.

Store the condoms in a cool, dry place. Only use latex condoms. Place the condom on an erect penis. Proper condom use guidelines include: use only latex condoms; ensure the condom has been stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight; do not store condoms in wallet or anywhere they would be exposed to extreme temperatures; put condom on when penis is erect; ensure there is a space at the tip for semen to collect; ensure adequate lubrication during intercourse with only water-based lubricants.

A 33-year-old female client reports yellow nipple discharge and a pain in her breasts a week before menses that dissipates on the onset of menses. Diagnosis reveals that the client is experiencing fibrocystic breast changes. Which instructions should the nurse offer the client to help alleviate the condition? Select all that apply. Take diuretics as recommended. Practice good handwashing techniques. Avoid caffeine. Maintain a low-fat diet. Increase fluid intake steadily.

Take diuretics as recommended. Avoid caffeine. Maintain a low-fat diet. The nurse should instruct the client with fibrocystic breast changes to avoid caffeine. Caffeine acts as a stimulant that can lead to discomfort. It is important to maintain a low-fat diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and grains to maintain a healthy body weight. Taking diuretics is important to counteract fluid retention and swelling of the breasts. Practicing good handwashing techniques and increasing fluid intake are important for clients with mastitis but may not help clients with fibrocystic breast changes.

A client has been referred for a colposcopy by the primary care provider. The client wants to know more about the examination. Which information regarding a colposcopy should the nurse give to the client? Client may experience pain during urination for a week following the test. The test is conducted because of abnormal results in a Papanicolaou test. Client may feel pain in the vaginal area during the examination. Intercourse should be avoided for at least 1 week afterward.

The test is conducted because of abnormal results in a Papanicolaou test. The nurse should explain to the client that the colposcopy is done because the care provider has observed abnormalities in the Papanicolaou test results. The nurse should also explain to the client that the procedure is painless and there are no adverse effects, such as pain during urination. There is no need to avoid intercourse for a week after the colposcopy.

A nurse is counseling a 17-year-old girl on the importance of contraception. The girl states that she is not really concerned about getting pregnant; she says that she will deal with the consequences if and when it happens. Which points should the nurse emphasize with the client regarding the risks of unintended pregnancies? Select all that apply. The woman is more likely to require public assistance. The woman is less likely to seek prenatal care. The woman is less likely to protect her fetus from harmful substances. The woman is less likely to complete high school or college. The woman is more likely to have a baby with birth defects. The woman is less likely to breastfeed.

The woman is more likely to require public assistance. The woman is less likely to seek prenatal care. The woman is less likely to protect her fetus from harmful substances. The woman is less likely to complete high school or college. The woman is less likely to breastfeed. It is important for the health of children that as many pregnancies as possible be intended; when a pregnancy is unintended or mistimed, both short-term and long-term consequences can result. Among the many consequences are all of the answers listed above, except for an increased likelihood of having a baby with birth defects.

An Ob/Gyn nurse is teaching a new female client how to perform breast self-examination. Which step is recommended for this examination? Standing up, press gently in small circular motions around an imaginary clock face. Before a mirror, inspect the breasts with arms raised, and then extended sideways. In the shower, place hands on hips, bend forward and examine breasts. To examine the right breast, put a pillow or folded towel under the right shoulder.

To examine the right breast, put a pillow or folded towel under the right shoulder. To examine the right breast, the client should put a pillow or folded towel under the right shoulder and place the right hand behind the head. With the left hand, fingers flat, press gently in small circular motions around an imaginary clock face. Before a mirror, the client should inspect the breast with arms at side, then raise hands above the head and inspect the breasts.

A nurse is caring for a 30-year-old woman who was just diagnosed with cervical cancer. Which psychosocial need would be the priority for the nurse with her client? remaining cheerful through all of the interactions clear information on the disease, management, and treatment offering words of hope to the client touching the client's hand for comfort

clear information on the disease, management, and treatment Women diagnosed with cancer of the reproduction tract need to understand their disease, prognosis, and what treatment options they have. The nurse's role is to educate with effective and clear communication techniques. The nurse should be sincere and may provide realistic hope, but her role as educator is primary.

A sexually active client comes to the clinic requesting some form of birth control but is concerned about the bad side effects she has heard are caused by oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). Which information should the nurse point out about the positive aspects of this type of contraceptive? Select all that apply. decreased acne improved cycle regularity increased menstrual flow decreased acute pelvic inflammatory disease decreased incidence of dysmenorrhea

decreased acne improved cycle regularity decreased acute pelvic inflammatory disease decreased incidence of dysmenorrhea Although oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) have many side effects—and some of them serious—they also have non-contraceptive benefits, such as increased menstrual cycle improvements, decreased incidences of the following: dysmenorrhea, premenstrual dysphoric syndrome, acne, iron-deficiency anemia, and acute PID (and resulting tubal scarring from PID).

A nurse is conducting a class for a group of young adults about the menstrual cycle and the hormones involved. Which hormone will the nurse explain as initiating the proliferation of the endometrium? estrogen prostaglandin luteinizing hormone progesterone

estrogen Immediately after a menstrual flow (which occurs during the first 4 or 5 days of a cycle), the endometrium (lining of the uterus) is very thin, approximately one cell layer in depth. As the ovary begins to produce estrogen (in the follicular fluid, under the direction of the pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone), the endometrium begins to proliferate so rapidly that the thickness of the endometrium increases as much as eightfold from day 5 to day 14. After ovulation, the formation of progesterone in the corpus luteum (under the direction of luteinizing hormone) causes the glands of the uterine endometrium to become corkscrew or twisted in appearance and dilated with quantities of glycogen (an elementary sugar) and mucin (a protein). Release of prostaglandins on about day 14 leads to ovulation.

A nurse is educating a client on the technique for performing breast self-examination. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan with regard to the different degrees of pressure that need to be applied on the breast? light pressure midway into the tissue medium pressure on the skin throughout hard pressure applied down to the ribs medium pressure around the areolar area

hard pressure applied down to the ribs When performing the breast self-examination, the nurse should instruct the client to apply hard pressure down to the ribs. Light, not medium, pressure should be applied when moving the skin without moving the tissue underneath. Medium, not light, pressure should be applied midway into the tissue. The client need not specifically palpate the areolar area during breast self-examination.

After teaching a pregnant woman about the hormones produced by the placenta, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the woman identifies which hormone produced as being the basis for pregnancy tests? estrogen (estriol) human placental lactogen (hPL) progesterone (progestin) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) The placenta produces hCG, which is the basis for pregnancy tests. This hormone preserves the corpus luteum and its progesterone production so that the endometrial lining is maintained. Human placental lactogen modulates fetal and maternal metabolism and participates in the development of the breasts for lactation. Estrogen causes enlargement of the woman's breasts, uterus, and external genitalia and stimulates myometrial contractility. Progesterone maintains the endometrium.

A woman comes to the clinic for a routine checkup. After obtaining the client's history, the nurse identifies that the client is at increased risk for cervical cancer based on her history of exposure to which virus? cytomegalovirus hepatitis Epstein-Barr virus human papillomavirus

human papillomavirus Human papillomavirus is a major causative factor for cervical cancer. Hepatitis, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus are not associated with the development of cervical cancer.

During a routine physical examination, a firm mass is palpated in the right breast of a 35-year-old woman. Which finding or client history would suggest cancer of the breast as opposed to fibrocystic disease? mass located in upper, outer quadrant increased vascularity of the breast cyclic change in mass size history of anovulatory cycles

increased vascularity of the breast Increase in breast size or vascularity is consistent with breast cancer. Masses associated with fibrocystic disease of the breast are firm, are most commonly located in the upper outer quadrant of the breast, and increase in size before menstruation. They may be bilateral in a mirror image and are typically well demarcated and freely moveable.

A 51-year-old woman comes to the clinic for an evaluation. Assessment findings from the visit are as follows: Frequent episodes of intense flushing and warmth on the upper body Weight loss of 5 lb (2.27 kg) in the past 6 months Menstrual irregularities; last menstrual period about 8 weeks ago Reports abdominal bloating Reports insomnia Reports constipation Which finding(s) leads the nurse to suspect that the client is perimenopausal? Select all that apply. insomnia weight loss flushing episodes bloating irregular menses constipation

insomnia flushing episodes bloating irregular menses A woman experiencing perimenopause typically also experiences a set of symptoms known as climacteric syndrome. These symptoms include hot flashes, insomnia, weight gain, bloating, emotional lability, irregular menses, and headache. Constipation and weight loss are not typical for this period.