Test 4 Attempt 2

In the stages of change model, the _______ stage is immediately followed by the maintenance stage.

Action/willpower

Which of the following refers to the simultaneous presence of two or more disorders in one person?

Comorbidity

Which of the following refers to an unjustified negative or harmful action toward a member of a group simply because the person belongs to that group?

Discrimination

_____ is a depressive disorder in children who show persistent irritability and recurrent episodes of out-of-control behavior.

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

_____ means helping another person for personal gain, such as to feel good, or avoid guilt.

Egoism

Andrew openly criticizes the Asian Americans in his neighborhood. He says that the presence of these "outsiders" has led to an increase in the crime rate in the United States. Others in his neighborhood do not agree with him. His openly shared racist attitude is an example of

Explicit Racism

____ refers to the impaired decision making that occurs in a team when making the right decision is less important than maintaining harmony

Groupthink

Robert, a nine-year-old boy, loves watching wrestling on TV. Last night, he used several of the aggressive wrestling moves on his little brother. Which of the following theories best explains Williams's behavior?

Observational learning

______ is a technique used in client-centered therapy in which the therapist mirrors the client's own feelings back to the client.

Reflective Speech

_______ is a power of belief in yourself

Self-efficacy

_____ refers to the way individuals define themselves in terms of their group membership.

Social identity

Although Jeff frequently exceeds the speed limit by at least 10 MPH, he justifies his behavior by erroneously thinking that most other drivers do the same. This belief best illustrates

The false consensus effect.

In the context of the theoretical approaches to psychological disorders, the _____ attributes psychological disorders to organic, internal causes.

biological approach

Decatastrophize technique in cognitive therapy involves

helping the client evaluate whether he or she is overestimating the nature of a situation.

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, the leading cause of disability in the United States is

major depressive disorder

The phenomenon that the more individuals encounter someone or something, the more probable it is that they will start liking the person or thing even if they do not realize they have seen it before is known as the

mere exposure effect

Randy experienced a horrific childhood. She was physically and verbally abused by her mother and sexually abused by her stepfather. Years later, she began experiencing anxiety symptoms. Which of the following anxiety-related disorders would best apply to this situations?

post-traumatic stress disorder

During the ____ stage, individuals are not yet genuinely thinking about changing.

precontemplation

Festinger's social comparision theory

provides an important rationale for how individuals come to know themselves.

Chloe's 3-year-old son, Dale, is very excited about his first day at preschool. He leaves home in a happy mood and enjoys the 20-minute drive to school. At the school, he starts crying when he sees all the other children around him crying. This scenario best illustrates.

social contagion.

According to ______, people who have first agreed to a small request tend to comply later with a larger request.

the foot-in-the-door technique