Test 5

In 2017, in the U.S., the average age of retirement was ________ for men and ________ for women.

64; 62

The young-old are people who are between ________ years of age.

65 to 84

According to the cellular clock theory of aging, cells can divide a maximum of

75 to 80 times.

Define grief and discuss its major dimensions. Differentiate between prolonged grief and disenfranchised grief.

Grief is classified as emotional coping, disbelief, anxiety, sadness and dispair associated with the loss of a loved one. One major dimension of grief is pining the lost of a person. This is described as the wishing or needing of someone to come back. Another dimension is separation anxiety, in this a person is still connected to the material things or objects of that lost one. Sadness is also a dimension of grief. This is when an individual feels lonely and defeated. Prolonged grief is is when an individual still has those feelings of dispair over an extended period of time. Disenfranchised grief is when an individual cannont express their feelings of mourning in an open way.

Which of the following does a "good death" involve?

appropriate medical care

In 1900, most people died

at home, cared for by their family.

Angelique is in the final stage of breast cancer. Her latest reports indicate that the cancer cells have spread to her lungs and other organs. She knows that she does not have a chance to fight this battle and hence accepts the fact that she will die in a couple of weeks. She requests her doctor to end her life painlessly through medication as she is not able to bear the pain. Which of the following acts is Angelique requesting her doctor to perform?

euthanasia

Life ________ is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.

expectancy

What is a leading cause of blindness in older adults?

macular degeneration

Which of the following is a biological theory explaining aging?

mitochondrial theory

Calvin has just turned 90 years old. He would be considered among the

oldest-old.

________ are DNA sequences that cap chromosomes.

telomeres

________ refers to a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and eventually, physical function.

Alzheimer disease

Define and discuss dementia.

Dementia is a neurological disorder that involves the deterioration of ones mental functioning. Individuals with this disorder cannot care for themselves. They often cannot recognize their surroundings as well as family members.

Kevin is 60 years old. What should he do to delay the onset of physical disability?

He should walk regularly.

Which of the following is true of the American attitude toward death?

It is not uncommon for Americans to reach adulthood without having experienced the death of someone close.

Briefly describe life span and life expectancy.

Life span is defined as the maximum number of years an individual can live. Where life expectancy is the number of years that will be expected of a person to live based on the year they were born.

________ are the most noticeable changes in physical appearance in late adulthood.

Wrinkles and age spots

Brain death occurs when

all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time

In the dual-process model of coping with bereavement, coping with loss and engaging in restoration can occur

concurrently

Ada knows that she has liver cancer and that she will not live much longer. Based on her mother's advice, she joins a prayer group and begins attending church regularly. In her prayers, she asks God to let her live one more year and promises God that she will set everything right with her family and loved ones. In the context of Kübler-Ross' stages of dying, Ada is most likely in the _____ stage.

bargaining

With age, ________.

both brain weight and brain volume decrease

Which of the following factors is most likely to contribute to the decline in fluid mechanics in late adulthood?

decline in processing speed

According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, which of the following is the first stage of dying?

denial and isolation

The ________ is involved in memory.

hippocampus

Hashim, a 69-year-old, makes errors while performing tasks. He is unable to detect and correct the errors. He is also unable to deal effectively with difficult or novel circumstances. Given this information, it can be said that:

hashim has deficiencies in executive attention.

A(n) _____ refers to a legal document that reflects the patient's advance care planning.

living will

The type of care that is designed to reduce pain and suffering and help individuals die with dignity is known as _____ care.

palliative

Elisabeth Kübler-Ross believed that when a person is dying of a terminal illness, depression is

part of the normal process of detaching the self from love objects.

Cognitive ________ are the culture-based "software programs" of the mind.

pragmatics

A changing identity, such as from "wife" to "widow," is an example of

restoration-oriented stressors.

Jamie lost his wife many years ago. He is still experiencing enduring despair a year after her death. According to Prigerson and Maciejewski, this type of grief reaction would be labeled as _____ grief.

prolonged

The term ________ refers to the ability to focus on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant while ignoring others that are irrelevant.

selective attention

Frank, aged 67, recites a poem that he learned in grade school, much to the amazement of his grandchildren. This is an example of Frank's ________ memory.

semantic

Although Alicia has a great memory for trivia, she has difficulty remembering important events in her life. Alicia has good ________ memory but poor ________ memory.

semantic; episodic

Older adults have more difficulty determining the time required to step on the brakes when a traffic light suddenly turns red. This is because they have

slower perceptual speed.

One factor that has contributed to the survival of centenarians is

their ability to cope effectively with stress.

Which of the following is an example of implicit memory?

typing on a computer while talking to a friend

Which of the following is one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer disease?

word-finding/generating difficulties