TEST: CHEMISTRY OF LIFE

An enzyme is: a biological catalyst a biological reactant a biological product a biological co-factor

a biological catalyst

DNA is different from RNA in its function and also in its structure. DNA contains _________________ sugar and RNA contains ________________________ sugar.

deoxyribose ribose

Carbohydrates always contain protein. True False

False

Starch is a monosaccharide. True False

False

The four organic molecules found in organisms are carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and amino acids. True False

False

Ionic bonds usually hold _____________________ compounds together.

inorganic

What is necessary for reactants to combine chemically? input of energy release of energy must satisfy a reversible reaction equilibrium

input of energy

Identify the substance. cholesterol carbohydrate lipid nucleic acid protein

lipid

Catalysts and enzymes are known to __________________ a chemical reaction, but not be consumed in the reaction.

speed up

Complete the energy maximum electron capacity for each energy level. Energy Level 1 maximum electron capacity is 821832. Energy Level 2 maximum electron capacity is 218832. Energy Level 3 maximum electron capacity is 321882. Energy Level 4 maximum electron capacity is 321828. SUBMIT ANSWER

2 8 18 32

Check the correct statements regarding a compound and a molecule: A compound consists of two or more distinct atoms a molecule is only found as the subunit of a compound a molecule may consist of two similar elements chemically bonded a compound consists of any two or more atoms chemically bonded

A compound consists of two or more distinct atoms a molecule may consist of two similar elements chemically bonded

The decomposition reaction is: A + B AB none of the above AB + CD AD + BC AB A + B

AB ------>A + B

A hydrogen bond is completed by the transfer of its sole electron to another element. True False

False

All the subatomic particles participate in chemical reactions. True False

False

When a substance dissociates into OH- ions, they are classified as ___________.

bases

Identify the substance. sugar protein lipid carbohydrate nucleic acid

carbohydrate

Which statement is correct? atomic weight is identical to atomic mass neutrons always equal the number of electrons electrons of a neutral atom always equal the number of protons neutrons always equal the number of protons

electrons of a neutral atom always equal the number of protons

Identify the substance. hemoglobin nucleic acid lipid carbohydrate protein

protein

Antibodies, certain hormones, and hemoglobin are all: fats proteins polysaccharides sucrose

proteins

Starch is made up of: polymer for nucleic acids simple proteins units of C 6H 12O 6 amino acid polymers

units of C 6H 12O 6

When salts are dissolved in water: the components separate into ions they precipitate as compounds they separate into component atoms they form acids and/ or bases

the components separate into ions

A chemical reaction in your body in which bonds are broken is associated with: the storing of energy forming a giant molecule synthesis reaction the release of energy

the release of energy

An atom that has twelve protons in its nucleus has an atomic number of: 24 13 12 none of the above

12

_____ help the cell membrane to conserve internal fluids. Phospholipids Nucleic acids Fats Proteins

Phospholipids

Which statement correctly relates to DNA and RNA? RNA reads and translates the DNA code DNA synthesizes proteins DNA reads and translates the RNA code RNA contains the genetic code

RNA reads and translates the DNA code

Carbon is ideally suited to form covalent bonds. True False

True

Organic compounds form polymers. True False

True

Organic compounds usually contain many atoms. True False

True

When fats decompose in an organism, energy is released. True False

True

Which processes are involved in metabolism? synthesis, growth, repair decomposition, energy release reversible reactions, equilibrium synthesis and decomposition exchange reactions, control of pH all of the above

all of the above

Why can carbon bond to many elements simultaneously? because its +4 valence forms ionic bonds because it has a natural ionic charge of "+4" because it is capable of forming multiple covalent bonds

because it is capable of forming multiple covalent bonds

A(n) ________________ reaction occurs when ionic or covalent bonds are broken and elements, ions, or simpler molecules are formed.

decomposition

Starch being broken down into sugar in the body is a(n)_____________ reaction. decomposition reversible synthesis exchange

decomposition

The breakdown of a polysaccharide into monosaccharides is an example of _____. exchange reversible decomposition synthesis

decomposition

Genetic codes contain: random data detailed instructions accidental complexity non functional chance information complex information

detailed instructions complex information

The subatomic particles/ units which govern potential chemical reactions among elements are: _____________

electrons

Water found in animal and human cells is most often found in the _______________ phase of matter, and oxygen is found in the ______________________ phase of matter.

liquid gas

Identify the substance. DNA lipid protein carbohydrate nucleic acid

nucleic acid

In bonding of any type, the _____________ level electrons are involved.

outer

In the process of ionic bonding: the resulting molecule is always charged the resulting ions repel each other outer energy level electrons are shared outer energy level electrons are gained and lost

outer energy level electrons are gained and lost

Which statements are correct relative to carbohydrates? quick source of energy only source of fuel polymers formed by hydrolysis most are monosaccharides consists of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen

quick source of energy most are monosaccharides