TExES Exam
Phonology
The sound system of a language
Amelia Bedelia series
written by Peggy Parish is about a character who understands everything only literally
In which grade should pupils' experiences in critically evaluating their own art and the art of others begin
Kindergarten
Graphemes
Letters
Anu has a pocket full of change. She has a total of 3 quarters, 7 dimes, and 10 nickels. She goes to the vending machine to purchase a soda. What is the probability that Anu will pull out 60 cents if she reaches into her pocket twice, removes a single coin on each draw, and does not place the coin back in her pocket before drawing the second coin?
0%
Pragmatics
Field of study that emphasizes how language is used in specific situations to accomplish goals
Carlos wanted to bring cookies for the entire school. He is going to bring in 400 cookies in bags. If each bag can hold 38 cookies, how many bags will he need?
11
Solve the following equation for \(x.\)\[44-7x=3x+5+7x-4x\]
3
Solve the following equation for x\[44 - 7x = 3x + 5 + 7x - 4x\]
3
Dana uses 2 gallons of milk in 3 weeks. How many gallons of milk would she use in 9 weeks
6
In a bag there are 12 green marbles, 11 red marbles, and 7 blue marbles. What is the probability of drawing a blue marble?
7/30
On Halloween the local grocery store offered a sale on bags of candy. The 72-ounce bags were regularly $8.95 each and were discounted to $5.99 each on purchases of 2 bags. The 36-ounce bags of candy were regularly priced $5.49 but were $3.99 each on purchases of 4 bags. The 18-ounce bags of candy were regularly priced $4.49 per bag and were discounted to $2.89 per bag on purchases of 8 bags. For a purchase of 288 ounces of candy, which option provides the best value? (The sale price on each option extends for multiples of the required amount of bags only.)
72-ounce bag
What is the mean of the following data set? 4, 12, 3, 15, 8, 3, 9, 9, 8, 10, 12, 14, 3, 2
8
Grapheme-Phoneme Correspondence
A grapheme is a letter or group of letters that represents one sound. Phonemes are the actual sounds produced by the letters. The relationship between these written letters and how they sound is the grapheme-phoneme correspondence. This is sometimes called "letter sound correspondence."
Latitude and longitude lines are used to locate points on a map. What is the term that best describes this type of geometric figure?
A grid system
5 finger Rule
A method to help students determine for themselves if a book is too easy for them to read, just the right level, a little too hard buy one that they may want to try, or too difficult. There are slight variations of this rule but generally, it follows these steps: Open a book to the middle section, make a fist with one hand, and hold up a finger for each unknown word on a page. After completing the page, see how many fingers are held up: 1 finger(1 missed word)-may be too easy; 2 or 3 fingers (2 or 3 missed words)-just right; 4 fingers (4 missed words)-challenging and may or may not be one they want to try; 5 fingers (5 missed words)- too difficult so save for later.
Morphemic Analysis
A morpheme is the smallest meaningful part of a word. Morphemic analysis is a strategy used to determine the meaning of a word by examining specific parts of the word: prefixes, suffixes, and roots. Students need to be taught how to break the words that have more than one syllable into these meaningful parts. Additionally, they need to be taught the meaning of the most common prefixes, suffixes, and roots.
internal grammar
A set of linguistic principles, that are activated potentially for all languages.
Critical Reader
A student who applies background knowledge of the text and becomes part of the writer's audience. The critical reader asks questions, such as "What is the message of the author?" and "What is the argument that the author is presenting?" It involves analyzing and evaluating the text rather than taking every word as factual. This kind of reader realizes that the text may express the author's opinion or interpretation of a topic. Therefore, one who reads critically looks for any inconsistencies, limitations, or mistakes in what is being read.
Norm-Referenced Assessment
A test that measures a student's success or non-success compared to other students, of the same age or grade level, who have already taken the test.
The origins of European theatre can be traced to ______________ around 476 BCE.
Ancient Greece
Third grade students are going to attend a symphony orchestra concert. You have taught them how to behave appropriately during a concert. Which of the following is one of the rules of appropriate concert etiquette
Applaud at the end of a song
Fluent Stage
At this stage, students can quickly recognize many words and apply phonics and word analysis skills to analyze unfamiliar words. Because of these skills, fluent readers can read more easily and with accuracy and expression.
In the Texas curriculum, the teaching of place value is required in which of the following?
First grade
Stages of first Language Development
Babbling or Pre Language state 0-6 month use reflexive crying to communicate Holophrastic or one-word state 11-19 months imitate the inflections and facial expressions of adults Two-Word state 13-24 months children produce rudimentary phrases Telegraphic state 18-27 months represents a higher degree of linguistic development in which the child goes beyond the use of two-word communication in their speech.
What is one of the greatest accomplishments achieved by the Babylonians?
Base-60 number system
Which of the following is considered a component of health-related fitness?
Cardiorespiratory endurance
As a formative assessment, Mr. Williams asked his students to create and draw a map of the town. Johana and Giovani drew complementary angles for their roads. Which of the following statements should the students include in their angle explanations?
Complementary angles are made of two angles whose sum is 90°.
Which of the following is most accurate with respect to protein consumption?
Consumption of more protein than the body can utilize will result in the body storing protein as fat
Contextual clues
Csn help students identify unknown words and information
Which of the following terms describes the exchange or transmission of cultural information and lifestyles from people around the world?
Cultural diffusion
The process by which physical movements develop and become specialized for motor performance depends primarily upon which of the following
Daily practice
Which of the following is the current source of most of the economic activity in the Dallas/Fort Worth region?
Defense and technology
Before students decide to use a dictionary, they first must do which of the following? Select all that apply.
Determine whether the meaning can be obtained through the use context or structural clues. Determine whether the meaning of the word is absolutely necessary to understand the information intended.
The key function of a playwright is which of the following?
Develop the script, and to conceptualize the scenario for the play
Texas has been identified as a regional economy. That is, each region has a dominant economic activity. For example, timber is one of the most important economic activities in
East Texas.
A fifth-grade language arts teacher guides students to make entries on a class blog about an article about banning books in the United States. This way of having students disseminate information would primarily include which of the following types of media?
Electronic media
Peer Assessment
Evaluation of a student's work by one or more other students in the same grade and working on the same topic. This kind of assessment is typically used with pre-determined standards from a rubric. It can be used in pairs or in small groups. The process needs to be carefully modeled and explained in order to guide students to help their peers without being derogatory. It can be used with a checklist for group work, such as attends group meetings, helps the group stay on topic, and demonstrates cooperation.
self-Assessment
Evaluation of one's own work, typically based on pre-determined standards, often from rubric. Self-assessment is sometimes used as a part of group learning activities.
What are the letter names of the spaces of the treble clef?
FACE
Which of the following can be most attributed to high levels of negative emotional stress?
Fatigue
Phonemes
In language, the smallest distinctive sound unit.
Identify the modern-day country that encompasses most of the territory of ancient Mesopotamia.
Iraq
What was the most important economic implication of the discovery of oil in Texas in 1901
It moved Texas from its rural and agricultural economy to petroleum and the industrial age.
Why is a Venn diagram appropriate for analyzing and comparing key concepts or events
It uses circles to analyze common and unique elements of two or three components.
Why is a Venn diagram appropriate for analyzing and comparing key concepts or events?
It uses circles to analyze common and unique elements of two or three components.
Suzie has \(\frac{5}{7}\) of a pie and Liz has \(\frac{3}{5}\) of a pie. The full size of each pie is identical. Which of the following concepts would be utilized to determine who has more pie?
Lowest common denominator
The most advanced pre-Columbian civilizations of Mesoamerica were the
Maya and Aztecs.
Semantics
Meaning of words and sentences
Prior to taking classes of students outdoors, the physical education teacher inspects the fields and contacts the buildings and grounds department to fill in any holes and fix any problems. The teacher takes this action to:
Minimize the risk of injury and liability presented by unfilled holes and obstacles
Jennifer Gray, a third grade teacher, took her class grocery shopping at the local supermarket. She organized the class in groups of five and guided them to study and purchase products based on best value and caloric content of the products. The goal is to purchase the least expensive products with the lowest caloric content. What type of information should the teacher provide students prior to taking them to the market?
Model how to find nutritional-value information, and how it is measured. Explain the difference between the standard American and the metric systems. Review mathematical processes the students might need to solve problems.
In addition to his paintings on canvas, Mexican artist Diego Rivera is also known for which of the following
Murals and frescoes Political views Marriage to accomplished artist Frida Kahlo
TEKS
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills organized around eight strands: history, geography; economics; government; citizenship; culture; science, technology, and society; and social studies skills
One of the best preserved manifestations of prehistoric art was found in the caves of Altamira, Spain. Which of the following best describes what constitutes the discoveries there
Paintings representing daily life of the time
Identify the statement that best describes the role of parents and caregivers in the acquisition of a child's first language.
Parents facilitate and contextualize communication, thus facilitating language development.
What is the main difference between percentages and percentiles in test scoring?
Percentile scores compare the performance of students with a larger group, while percentages illuminate the mastery of learning targets.
Why are bar graphs more concrete for students than pie charts (circle graphs)
Pie charts are based on percentages while bar graphs are based on integers
Which of the following symbols represents the official declaration of patriotism in the United States?
Pledge of Allegiance
Semantic clues
Readers think about the meaning, or what would make sense, as they encounter a word.
A chord (three of more pitches sounding simultaneously) in root position contains which order of notes?
Root, 3rd, 5th
Michelangelo's frescoes of the Sistine Chapel and his Statue of David best represent the artistic production of which of the following?
The Renaissance
communication disorder
occurs when person's speech interferes with his or her ability to convey message during interactions with others
After students went on a field trip, Mrs. Davis asks her students to draw a picture about their favorite part. How could Mrs. Davis effectively build upon the drawing activity to foster reading and writing development of her English learners in first grade?
She could ask each student to dictate a sentence about the drawing and write that under the picture for the student to read with her.
Which of the following activities would be most effective for evaluating a student's core body strength?
Sit-up crunches
The Civil Rights Movement sought equality for African Americans. Even after the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments were added to the Constitution, blacks were denied full civil rights. Discrimination existed throughout the nation. Jim Crow laws were enforced in the
South
Texas History
Spanish Texas (1519-1821) Mexican Independence (1821-1835) Texas Revolution (1835-1836) Republic of Texas (1836-1845) Antebellum Texas (1846-1861) Civil War (1861-1865) Reconstruction (1866-1877)
Which of the following best reflects the research findings on low-carbohydrate diets?
Studies have found that low-carbohydrate diets can produce weight loss but may be unsafe and/or ineffective for long periods of time
Morphology
Study of the structure of words and word formation
If in the United States we are enjoying a warm winter, what season are the people of Brazil having?
Summer
Which of the following approaches would be most effective for a teacher to convey the importance of a healthy lifestyle?
Teaching active lessons with health-related themes throughout the year
Formative Assessment
Tests and/or methods used before and during the teaching of specific learning standards. Formative assessments are typically not graded but rather used to help teachers determine areas in which they can make adjustments to instructional techniques in lessons where students are struggling.
Summative Assessment
Tests that are given at certain points and the conclusion of an instructional period, unit, or project. They are used to determine if students have actually learned what has been taught. Summative assessments can be in the form of standardized tests, state assessments, district benchmarks, or at the end of six weeks, a semester, or units of study. They are typically used as part of a student's academic grade.
Syntax
The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.
A new student has been assigned to Mrs. Zeichner's classroom. Mrs. Zeichner observes what the child has written during writing workshop: I LIK MAKRONE, and when the child read what he wrote, he said, "I like macaroni."What can Mrs. Zeichner learn about the child's development in phonemic awareness from this writing sample?
The child is able to account for all of the sounds in words, which is shown in his invented spellings
Denotation
The dictionary definition of a word
Identify two key historical concepts or characters of the Middle Ages.
The feudal system and the Crusades
What is the definition of beat
The pulse that is found in music
Age 8 to 12
The speaking repertoire of 8 to 12 year olds continues to grow and to improve as their communication changes from using language to have their needs met to becoming language makers in academic settings.
How do the social studies strands reflect the nature of the social studies field?
The strands reflect that the social studies curriculum requires a complex understanding of the world's cultures and how they interact with each other and their environment.
A third-grade teacher provides students with a readers' theatre script that features stories the students have read previously during guided reading. Which of the following statements best describes the value of this instructional practice?
The students are practicing reading materials at their independent reading level in a rewarding way, so the students can make gains in fluency.
A teacher reads aloud a version of the traditional literature "Three Little Pigs"tale in which one of the pigs narrates the story, and on another day, the teacher reads aloud a version of the "Three Little Pigs"in which the wolf narrates the story. What is a primary aspect of comprehension the teacher can help students understand from reading these two different versions?
The teacher can help students understand a point of view
A kindergarten teacher holds up a puppet and tells the children, "Mr. Dog talks differently than we do when we say a word. Mr. Dog is going to say a word, and let's try to figure out what Mr. Dog is saying: /b/ /at/. The students say, "bat." The teacher repeats this process, using the following words as a basis: rat, mat, hat, sat. What is the primary reason for using this instructional approach
The teacher is helping students learn about onsets and rimes, which can prepare them for learning word families when they read the words.
A teacher provides a mini-lesson on how to add information to a rough draft by modeling for the students. The teacher shares a draft of a writing sample on a screen and proceeds to read the piece aloud. The teacher tells the students about a sentence the teacher needs to add. The teacher then shows the students how that can be done by writing the sentence at the bottom, and using an arrow to show where the sentence should go.
The teacher is showing students that writing rough drafts can entail making revisions to write more clearly and how to make revisions.
Phonological Awareness
The understanding and ability to hear individual sounds in words, syllables, and in the spoken language apart from print. It involves the understanding and usage that words can be broken into parts, or sounds, which can be maneuvered or arranged in different ways. Phonological awareness is an umbrella term that includes phonemic awareness, hearing syllables, hearing rhymes, and understanding spoken words.
Concepts of Print
The understanding of how print works in books. It includes knowing the front and back covers of books, how a book opens, and that print is written and read from left to right and top to bottom on the pages. When reading to young children, it often helps to point to words as they are being read in order to enhance this concept.
Print Awareness
The understanding of the relationship between written language and oral language. Some of the ways to promote print awareness include to read large print or big books while drawing attention to the letters and punctuation marks in the text; label objects in the classroom and draw attention to those labels/signs, and reinforce print directionality (left to right and top to bottom on the page).
Alphabetical Principle
The understanding that words are composed of letters that represent sounds and that these letters and sounds carry meaning. It also includes the ability that print is read from left to right and from top to bottom of the page. It is considered the basis of phonics instruction.
A newscaster commenting on President Obama's interest in opening American markets to more Asian trade indicated that at the beginning of his presidency, Obama had opposed this idea, but now he was promoting it. To conceptualize this change of heart, he suggested that President Obama had undergone a 360-degree change in his stance. From a mathematical point of view, what is the problem with this characterization of the Obama policy?
The use of the 360-degree allusion implies that the president has not changed his policy at all.
Graphophonemic Knowledge
These skills deal with how letters and sounds are related to written letters and words. It includes the ability to match upper and lower case letters, recognize alphabetic order (including placing words alphabetically), name letters, and recognize the letters' sounds.
How can geospatial technologies aid social studies instruction
They assist learners to connect data and critically analyze an event.
How can geospatial technologies aid social studies instruction?
They assist learners to connect data and critically analyze an event.
Letter Knowledge
This knowledge enables students to recognize all the letters of the alphabet, both uppercase (capitalized) and lowercase. It is the understanding that the purpose of letters is to produce meaning in words.
Letter-Sound Correspondence
This refers to the specific sound(s) of letters of the alphabet or letter combinations. Letters that are used more frequently are usually taught before less frequent letters, but there is not a specific order across various reading programs.
Emergent Reading Stage
This stage of reading development usually occurs at the first grade and beginning of second grade. Those students in the Emergent Reading Stage are beginning to understand that words and pictures convey meaning. They are also trying to write a few letters even though the words are written backward or in upper case; they are learning more about sound-letter relationships. They begin to recognize common words in their environment, such as McDonald's or Wal-Mart. By the end of this stage, children have typically added more words to their sight vocabulary, especially if they are important to them. Also at this later stage, students have a better understanding of comprehension strategies and word-attack skills.
Early/Developing Stage
This stage of reading occurs typically in grades K-1. Students can understand some basic reading strategies including directionality, matching words, and locating known words; rely less on pictures; engage in discussions about what is read; begin to pay attention to punctuation while reading; have a knowledge of basic sight words that they know automatically; begin to use some phonetic clues to sound out words. Note that not all reading researchers consider this as a separate stage; it is sometimes called the Pre-Reading Stage.
Transitional Stage of Reading
This stage typically occurs at the end of first grade and into grade 2. Transitional readers are building their reading vocabulary by using the context to help them understand word meaning. They are also "transitioning" from reading word by word into reading more by phrases and sentences which enhances their comprehension skills. They should begin monitoring their own reading in order to determine if what they read really makes sense. Much of their reading at this stage is done silently. They begin monitoring their own reading through using illustrations and graphics to help expand meaning.
Conflict and cooperation:
This theme concerns international and domestic relations, causes and effects of war, policies on isolation and interdependence, and related topics.
comparative history of major developments
This theme concerns the characteristics of political systems, periods, and practices across time and places, such as revolutionary, reactionary, and reform periods; systems of feudalism and centralization; and so on.
Third grade students are singing "Take Me Out to the Ballgame" and identify the meter as:
Triple Meter
The use of digital cameras, balanced metric weight sets, and virtual manipulatives available on the Internet is most appropriate for children in which of the following grade levels?
Upper elementary
Jamie is trying to paint a warm and cozy scene. What type of colors should he use to represent the scene?
Yellow, orange, and red
What is \(7.5 - 4\frac{1}{4}\) represented as a decimal?
\(3.25\)
What is the result when \(7x^{5}\) and \(5x^{4}\) are multiplied together
\(35x^{9}\)
What is 5 less than three times a number represented as?
\(3x - 5\)
Which answer choice is a rational number
\(\frac{15}{4}\)
What is the probability of rolling a 7 with a pair of dice?
\(\frac{1}{6}\)
lexicon
a dictionary; a specialized vocabulary used in a particular field or place
Many of the leaders responsible for the writing of the Constitution were familiar with the leading thinkers of the Enlightenment movement. Due to this influence, one of the key components of the Constitution was the protection of the
atural rights of the individual and limiting the power of the government.
Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta were two of the most important Mexican-American leaders of the Civil Rights Movement. They fought for
better working conditions and fair compensation for agricultural workers
Derivational morphemes in English
can change the syntactic classification and meaning of the word
Contextual clues
can help students identify unknown words and information
genres
categories or groups of literary compositions such as fiction which include: poetry, fables, fairy tales, short stores
Ages 2-3
children have about 200-300 words in their linguistic repertoire and can produce short sentences.
imitation
copying (or trying to copy) the actions of someone else
integrated
in the sense that it draws together a variety of disciplines in a coherent way.
Activities to promote Oral Communication
dramatic play using prompts is an ideal activity to develop communication. language play involves the use of language in rhyme, alliteration, songs, and repetitive patterns to amuse children. show and tell, children bring artifacts and personal items to class puppet show can promote communication and confidence among children turn and talk can be used when the teacher would like students to think more about a topic or experience. Pair interview is an additional strategy that can promote oral communication. this strategy pairs children to learn information from each other and then report their findings to the class. oral presentations
automaticity
effortless reading of words that usually does not include reading with expression
expository text
factual material that describes and discusses something or tries to persuade.
Age 5
five-year-olds have a vocabulary of about 2100 words and a working knowledge of the grammar of the language.
Age 4
four-year-olds have about 1500 words in their speaking repertoire.
The most appropriate and safest way to provide exercise for kindergarten and first-grade students is through
games that require physical activity.
By second grade, students are generally guided to discontinue the practice of pointing to the words being read. What is the rationale for this change of strategy?
his practice can interfere with the development of reading fluency.
The main purpose of Readers' Theatre is to
improve reading fluency.
The connection between speaking, listening, and reading
in any given language, meaning is created through socially shared conventions. During the first months of life, babies are active listeners.
phoneme
in language, the smallest distinctive sound unit
book orientation
introduction of a book to students through discussion about items such as the front and back covers, title page, the story itself, and unusual names
History
is the study of the material record of the past
Vertical alignment of Social sciences
kindergarten: self, family, classroom first grade: classroom, school. and local community second grade: local community, Texas, nation third grade: communities past and present, including Texas and nation fourth grade: Texas in the western hemisphere fifth grade: united states history sixth grade: people and places in the contemporary world
Grapho-phonemic differences across a first and a second language can result in
language interference at the phonological and spelling levels.
language acquisition
natural, unconscious process of language development in humans that occurs without instruction
Thematic units
play an important role in social studies instruction, because they promote the interdisciplinary approach that is essential to the field.
Children can be guided to develop a sense of citizenship beginning in
prekindergarten.
prosody
reading with expression
fluency disorders
refer to any condition that affects the child's ability to produce coherent and fluent communication. stuttering and cluttering causes the most common fluencey
voice disorders
refers to any distortion of the pitch, timbre, or volume of spoken communication. two types of voice disorders are phonation and resonance phonation disorders describes any abnormality in the vibration of the vocal fold. resonance disorder describes abnormalities created when sound passes through the vocal tract
narrative text
refers to stories and can be in any format including books, dramatic plays, songs
prosody
refers to the way a student orally reads words and sentences; it includes clarity, emphasis, tempo, and intonation. According to reading research, prosody is one of the major components of reading fluency and is a link between word recognition and comprehension.
The origin of theatre can be traced to the art of storytelling and
religious celebrations.
Age 6 and 7
six to 7 year old children have a speaking vocabulary of about 2100 words and a comprehension vocabulary of more than 20000 words.
One of the main reasons for the strong Texas economy of the early 21st century is the number of corporations that have moved to Texas. Corporations moved to Texas to enjoy the state's beneficial corporate tax structure and for the
state's lack of a state personal income tax.
Charts, tables, and graphs are commonly used in language arts to
summarize information
inquiry-based teaching
teachers ask and then help students answer question by proposing hypotheses, gathering and evaluating data, and generating conclusions.
civic competence
that is to help young people develop the ability to make informed and reasoned decisions for the public good as citizens of a culturally diverse, democratic society in an interdependent world.
Large-scale monuments such as the Statue of Liberty have to be built in pieces, and assembled later on. However, there are examples of colossal monuments that were carved directly into rocks. Which of the following is an example of this?
the Mount Rushmore National Memorial to the U.S. presidents
reading fluency
the ability to read easily and with understanding and expression.
Syntax (n)
the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.
Connotation
the implied or associative meaning of a word
