The Art of Public Speaking - Chapters 5,7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15

Which patterns for organizing are appropriate for informative speeches?

1) chronological order 2) spatial order 3) causal order

What are five basic patterns of organizing main points in a speech?

1) chronological order 2) spatial order 3) causal order 4) problem-solution order 5) topical order

Why is it important that speeches be organized clearly and coherently?

1) enhances your credibility 2) it's easier for the audience to understand your message

How many main points will your speeches usually contain?

2-5

Speeches about concepts

A belief, theory, idea, notion, principle, or the like

Font

A complete set of type of the same design

crescendo ending

A conclusion in which the speech build to a zenith of power and intensity.

Academic Database

A database that catalogues articles from scholarly journals.

What is a preview statement? Why should you nearly always include a preview statement in the introduction of your speech?

A preview statement is a statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body. Previewing the body of the speech helps the audience listen effectively and provides a smooth lead-in to the body of the speech.

rhetorical question

A question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud.

Speeches about events

Anything that happens or is regarded as happening

Speeches about objects

Anything visible, tangible, and stable in form

Which of the following are guidelines to follow for a title if you use one for your speech?

Attract the attention of your audience, be brief, and encapsulate the thrust of your speech.

Don't be too technical

Avoid technical words or jargons (specific language)

Don't overestimate the audience's knowledge

Break it down

Avoid abstractions

Comparison, contrast, personlize

What guidelines are given in the chapter for presenting visual aids

Display visual aids were listeners can see and them avoid passing visual aids among the audience and Display visual aids while discussing them and explain visual aids clearly and talk to your audience not to your visual aid and practice with your visual aids

Guidelines for informative speeches (6)

Don't overestimate that audience's knowledge, relate the subject to the audience, don't be too technical, avoid abstractions, personalize your ideas, be creative

Which of the following are true statements about the most common system of outlining?

Each level of subdivision is indented, subpoints are identified by capital letters, main points are identified by roman numerals

Which of the following are guidelines for preparing the preparation outline?

Identify the central idea, state the specific purpose of your speech, and lable the introduction, body, and conclusion

Which of the following are accurate descriptions of the speaking outline?

It is brief, it is used during the presentation of the speech, and it is typically used in extemporaneous speeches.

Why is it important to establish your credibility at the beginning of your speech?

It is important to establish credibility at the beginning of your speech, so that your audience knows how and why you are qualified to speak on a topic.

What are the four tips for your conclusion?

Keep an eye out for possible concluding materials. Conclude with a bang, not a whimper. Don't be long-winded. Work it out in detail and practice.

What are the six tips for your introduction?

Keep your introduction relatively brief. Be on the lookout for introductory materials, as you conduct your research. Be creative in creating your introduction. Don't worry about the exact wording of your introduction until you have finished preparing the body of the speech. Work out your introduction in detail. When you present the speech, don't start talking to soon.

Be creative

Make it memorable, attention

What kinds of visual aids might you use in a speech

Objects and models, photographs and drawings, graphs, charts and a video

Which of the following is not one of the four methods of speech delivery?

Playing a recording

What guidelines are given in the chapter for preparing visual aid

Prepare visual aids well in advance and keep visual aids simple and make sure visual aids are large enough and use a limited amount of text and use fonts effectively and use color affectively and use images strategically

What are the seven methods you can use in the introduction to get the attention and interest of your audience?

Relate the topic to the audience. State the importance of the topic. Startle the audience. Arouse the curiosity of the audience. Question the audience. Begin with a quotation. Tell a story.

Types of informative speeches (4)

Speeches about objects, processes, events, and concepts

Which of the following are guidelines for the preparation outline?

State main points as full sentences and state subpoints as main sentences

What are four ways to reinforce the central idea when concluding your speech?

Summarize your speech. End with a quotation. Make a dramatic statement. Refer to the introduction.

Speech about processes

Systematic series of actions that leads to a result

A manuscript delivery would be appropriate in which of the following situations?

The President addressing the Israeli Knesset

credibility

The audience's perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.

goodwill

The audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind.

What factors should you consider when planning to use presentation technology and a speech

The first step is deciding where you can use PowerPoint keynote or some other program to greatest advantage. afteryou are finished developing the speech think about where well chosen slides will clarify or strengthen your ideas rather than using slide illustrate every thought look for spots where you will generally enhance your message

Which of the following are true statements about outlines?

They serve as a blueprint for the speech, they allow you to judge the flow of the speech, and they are essential to an effective speech

Which of the following is a true statement about transitions, internal summaries, and internal previews?

They should be labeled (or put in parentheses) in both the preparation and speaking outline

Relate the subject to the audience

Use words we, you, your

What are two ways you can signal the end of your speech?

You can signal the end of a speech through the use of verbal cues such as "in conclusion". Also through your manner of delivery.

Which of the following are true statements about effective outlining?

You should indent the subpoints of the speech, you should use numerals and letters to label the points of the speech, and you should use a consistent pattern

transition

a word or phrase that indicates speaker has finished one thought and moving to another

What are the major advantages of using visual aids in your speeches

an excellent way to clarify your ideas and give them dramatic impact

An impromt\ptu delivery is illustrated by which of the following speaking situations?

answering a question at a job interview

When preparing for question-and-answer sessions, you should

be ready to explain more technical aspects of your speech, rehearse possible answers ahead of time, and ask friends and colleagues to critique your speech and ask you questions

If you use any sources of information in your speech, you should attach a(n) __________ to your outline.

bibliography

A speaking outline should include

delivery cues

Which of the following are the directions included in a speaking outline to help a speaker remember how to give key parts of the speech?

delivery cues

The rate at which a person delivers a speech should

depend on the mood the speaker is trying to create and depend on the occasion

When practicing your speech, it helps to

get feedback from other people once you have learned your speech, work on the wording of quotations and examples, and read through your preparation outline to check the initial length

One guideline for the preparation outline is to __________ the central idea.

identify

Changes in pitch that indicate emotion and questions are called __________.

inflections

Gestures, facial expressions, body movement, and posture are all included in the area of study called __________.

kinesics

What is the most important thing to remember when organizing supporting materials in the body of your speech?

make sure they are directly relevant to the main points they are supposed to support

It is important to remember that gestures should

not distract from the message, be suited to the audience, and appear natural.

The timing of a speaker's delivery is affected by rate and

pauses

Which pattern is most appropriate for persuasive speeches?

problem-solution order

An extemporaneous speech is __________.

rehearsed

Which of the following is the term for the notes used in extemporaneous speeches to jog a spealker's memory during the presentation of the speech?

speaking outline

The preparation outline should include the __________ purpose as a way to help you evaluate how successfully the speech has been put together.

specific

Which pattern is used most often?

topical order

signpost

very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention to key ideas

Chart

A visual aid that summarizes a large block of information usually in list form

Graph

A visual aid used to show statistical trends and patterns

Reference Work

A work that synthesizes a large amount of related information for easy access by researchers.

Which of the following forms of symbolization is not part of the most common system of outlining?

A. Main point

What are the four objectives of a speech introduction?

The first objective is to gain the interest of the audience. The second objective is to reveal the topic. The third objective is to establish the speakers credibility and their goodwill. The fourth objective is to preview the body of speech.

What are the major functions of a speech conclusion?

To let the audience know you are ending the speech. To reinforce the audience's understanding of, or commitment to, the central idea.

Personalize

To present one's ideas in human terms that relate in some fashion to the experience of the audience

The use of "um" and "uh" instead of brief silence is referred to as

a vocalized pause

Which of the following is the list of sources used in preparing a speech?

bibliography

Which of the follow are parts that should be labeled in a preparation outline?

body, introduction and conclusion

Good delivery conveys a message

clearly and interestingly, without calling attention to itself, and without distracting an audience

When delivering a speech from memory, speakers must remember to

concentrate on communicating with the audience

A(n) __________ delivery of a speech is prepared in advance and rehearsed, yet the actual words used will vary during each performance.

extemporaneous

The primary reason for keeping the speaking outline free of detail is to be able to maintain __________ contact with the audience.

eye

One guideline for the speaking outline is that it be immediately __________ when you deliver your speech.

legible

Why is it important to limit the number of main points in your speeches?

listeners can't keep track of a multitude of main points

connectives

make speeches more unified and coherent

In order to be able to use the speaking outline effectively as a guide while talking, it should use the same system of indentation that was used in the __________ outline.

preparation

internal preview

statement in the body of the speech that lets the audience know what the speaker is discussing next

internal summary

statement in the body of the speech that summarizes the speaker's preceding point(s)

When speakers reach the end of their presentation, they should remember to

stay at the lectern during applause, and maintain eye contact for several seconds after they are done speaking.

What are three tips for preparing your main points?

1) keep main points separate 2) try to use the same pattern of wording for main points 3) balance the amount of time devoted to main points

What are the four kinds of speech connectives?

1) transition 2) internal preview 3) internal summary 4) signpost

preview statement

A statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body.

Contrast

A statement of differences among 2 or more people

Comparison

A statement of similarities among 2 or more people, events, idea

Abstract

A summary of a magazine or journal article, written by someone other than the original author.

Which of the following are parts of the preparation outline?

the specific purpose statement, the introduction, and connectives

dissolve ending

A conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement.

A manuscript delivery of a speech would be appropriate in which of the following situations?

A governor's address to the legislature

Pie graph

A graph that highlights segments of a circle to show simple distribution patterns

Line graph

A graph that uses one or more lines to show changes in statistics over time or space

Bargraph

A graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to show comparisons among two or more items

Catalogue

A listing of all the books, periodicals, and other resources owned by a library.

Call Number

A number used in libraries to classify books and periodicals and to indicate where they can be found on the shelves.

Newspaper and Periodical Database

A research aid that catalogues articles from a large number of magazines, journals, and newspapers.

Informative Speech

A speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding