The Cold War

Osama bin Laden led an Islamist terrorist organization

Al Qaeda

Terrorist organization led by Osama bin Laden

Al Qaeda

One effect of the arms race was

An ever-present threat of nuclear war

Which of the following did Winston Churchill use as an image to describe the division of Europe?

An iron curtain

Struggle between nations to gain an advantage in weapons

Arms race

Struggle between nations to get an advantage in weapons

Arms race

Rise in birthrates after World War II

Baby boom

Its success resulted in the formation of the Federal Republic of Germany

Berlin Airlift

Built by Communist East Germany in 1961 to stop people from fleeing East Germany for West Germany

Berlin Wall

Russian president who began a massive campaign to alter the economy's basic structure after the collapse of the Soviet Union

Boris Yeltsin

1954 Supreme Court rule that the segregation of public schools had to end

Brown vs. Board of Education

Where many American men fled to during the Vietnam war to avoid the military draft in the United States

Canada

Site of a bloody insurgency in Russia

Chechnya

Era of tension and hostility between the United States and the Soviet Union following World War II became known as the

Cold War

Soviet Union economy system in which the government made all economic decisions whilst under communism

Command

Government in Cuba that was installed by Fidel Castro and alarmed the U.S. government

Communist

What helped drive the tremendous growth of the U.S. economy after World War II?

Consumer spending

1960s rebellion led by young people against mainstream American society that adopted new styles of clothing and behavior and questioned the government's actions in the Vietnam War

Counterculture

Young people who adopted new styles of clothing and behavior

Counterculture

Brought the world to the brink of nuclear war

Cuban Missile Crisis

Revolted against Soviet domination in 1968

Czechoslovakia

Reduced tension between the superpowers

Détente

German Democratic Republic

East Germany

The author of "Perestroika: New Thinking for Our Country and the World" was calling for

Economic and political reforms in the Soviet Union

The cartoon titled "MAYDAY!" suggests that the primary cause of the collapse of the Soviet Union was

Economic problems

Study the political cartoon titled "MAYDAY!" Which statement best describes the subject of the cartoon?

Economic problems and reforms weaken the Soviet Union

In 1957 six European nations founded the European Economic Community in order to

Eliminate trade barriers and unify economic policies

The goal of the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty was to

Ensure each side remained vulnerable to the other's nuclear weapons

Policy used by Serbs during a war in Bosnia and Herzegovina to try and eliminate Bosnian Muslims from society

Ethnic cleansing

What caused the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s?

Ethnic tensions coupled with a weakening government

Established by the nations of Europe in 1992 in order to create a single economic unit that could compete with the United States

European Union

All American women in the 1960s and 1970s wanted to change traditional ideas of women's roles.

False

In the 2000s, the gap between the incomes of the richest and poorest Americans narrowed as the economy improved.

False

The European Union has excluded former Soviet republics, fearing Communist influence.

False

The Soviet Union prevented a UN takeover of North Korea by sending soldiers and massive military aid to the region.

False

The Soviet Union wanted to control Eastern Europe after World War II because Eastern European people had elected Communist governments.

False

The Truman Doctrine was a pledge to provide funds for rebuilding Europe.

False

The U.S. government secretly trained a force of about 1,500 Cubans, which successfully invaded Cuba at the Bay of Pigs in April 1961 and overthrew Castro's government.

False

The United States supported Salvador Allende's government in Chile because it had been democratically elected.

False

The discovery of oil in Alaska was the primary factor driving the tremendous growth of the U.S. economy after World War II.

False

The growing threat of nuclear war had little impact on people in the United States and other nations.

False

The peace agreement with France divided Vietnam into two halves; Communists controlled the South and a non-Communist regime controlled the North.

False

The people of Eastern Europe all benefited immediately from the end of communism and the introduction of market reforms.

False

Established a Communist government in Cuba

Fidel Castro

Soviets blocked land, rail, and water routes into West Berlin in 1948 in order to

Force the West to leave Berlin

Provided money that helped millions of veterans attend college

G.I. Bill

One reason revolution spread across Eastern Europe in 1989 was that

Gorbachev loosened Soviet control

As a result of the Truman Doctrine, the U.S. Congress agreed to send hundreds of millions of dollars in aid to

Greece and Turkey

Fusion-powered weapon that was many times stronger than the atomic bomb

Hydrogen bomb

System of networks that emerged in the 1990s and connected computers around the world

Internet

Promoted political stability in Western Europe by aiding economic recovery

Marshall Plan

Used techniques of nonviolence and civil disobedience to expose racial injustice in the United States

Martin Luther King Jr.

Who wrote the passage "Perestroika: New Thinking for Our Country and the World?"

Mikhail Gorbachev

Soviet leader that tried to "de-Stalinize" the Soviet Union while at the same time maintaining a hostile stance toward the West

Nikita Khrushchev

Nations that refused to take sides in the rivalry between superpowers in the 1950s were called

Nonaligned nations

Formation that unified former rivals in Europe into a strong military alliance with the United States and Canada and helped Western Europe remain at peace during the Cold War

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Where Allied military courts tried more than two hundred Nazi and military officials, sentencing several dozen to death

Nuremberg Trials

The United States was alarmed by Soviet control of Eastern Europe at the end of World War II because

Officials believed Soviet expansion would not stop at Eastern Europe

Mikhail Gorbachev's policy which sought to restructure the Soviet economic and political system

Perestroika

Fought to free Kuwait and protect oil supplies

Persian Gulf War

Divided Germany into four zones of occupation

Potsdam Conference

Fanatical effort to expose Communists in the American film industry and government

Red Scare

The end of communism and the introduction of market reforms in Eastern Europe has led to

Rising immigration from Eastern Europe to Western Europe

Chile's democratically elected leader

Salvador Allende

Lech Walsea's anti-government protest movement in Poland became known as

Solidarity

Poland's anti-government protest movement

Solidarity

Launched by the Soviet Union in 1957 and shocked Americans because they feared Soviet military technology was superior to their own

Sputnik

Islamist government of Afghanistan targeted by the United States after the attacks of September 11, 2001

Taliban

What led to the Test Ban Treaty?

The Cuban missile crisis

Which Allied country received the largest share of German reparations after World War II?

The Soviet Union

The Cold War ended when

The Soviet Union collapsed

One reason Western Europe made a rapid recovery from World War II was because

The United States provided massive economic aid

The United States experienced a severe economic slowdown in the 1970s because

The cost of energy dramatically increased

The U.S. led invasion of Iraq in 2003 was based on the belief that

The country possessed chemical and biological weapons

With the development of nuclear weapons, the Soviet Union and the United States based their defense strategies on

The principal of deterrence

Soviet leaders wanted to control Eastern Europe after World War II because

They wanted a buffer zone of friendly governments to protect against attack

What was the goal of the United States when it went to war in Korea?

To contain Communist expansion

Why did President Kennedy favor the Test Ban Treaty?

To slow the development of new and more deadly weapons

Ethnic tensions coupled with a weakening government caused the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s.

True

In 1973, the United States supported a military coup that overthrew Chile's democratically elected leader.

True

In the Nuremberg trials, Allied military courts tried more than two hundred Nazi and military officials and sentenced several dozen to death for their roles in the Holocaust and in other war crimes.

True

The Korean War resulted in no gain on either side.

True

The Persian Gulf War was fought to free Kuwait and to protect oil supplies.

True

The Soviet command economy helped the country produce goods at prewar levels by 1953.

True

The United States used the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan as part of a policy of containment.

True

The success of the Berlin airlift was followed by the formation of the Federal Republic of Germany.

True

Until the Soviet Union's successful launch of Sputnik, Americans thought they had a technological edge over the Soviets.

True

Western Europe made a remarkable recovery from World War II in large part because of the Marshall Plan.

True

Pledge announced by the United States in 1947 to provide economic and military aid to oppose the spread of communism

Truman Doctrine

Peaceful revolutionary group that pushed communism out of power in Czechoslovakia

Velvet Revolution

Formed by the Soviet Union and the Communist nations of Eastern Europe in response to the formation of NATO

Warsaw Pact

Military alliance formed in response to the formation of NATO

Warsaw Pact