The Endocrine System

29) Leptin is secreted by ________. A) lymphocytes B) adipocytes C) goblet cells D) fibroblasts

Answer: B

30) The most important mineralcorticoid regulator of electrolyte concentrations in extracellular fluids is ________. A) insulin B) aldosterone C) glucagon D) cortisol

Answer: B

13) Which of the following hormones suppresses appetite and increases energy expenditure? A) gastrin B) secretin C) leptin D) renin

Answer: C

40) A man has been told that he is not synthesizing enough follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and for this reason he may be unable to father a child. Choose the correct statement to explain this problem. A) FSH stimulates estrogen secretion by ovarian cells; therefore it is not synthesized by males. B) A hormone made in the adenohypophysis cannot influence fertility. C) FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes. 3 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. D) The man must be producing progesterone, which inhibits the synthesis of FSH.

Answer: C

7) Which of the following is not a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus? A) polyuria B) polydipsia C) polyphagia D) polycythemia

Answer: D

14) Most type 2 diabetics do not produce insulin.

Answer: FALSE

3) The hormone that raises blood sugar levels is insulin

Answer: FALSE

18) Glucagon and insulin both target the cells of the liver and are both made in the pancreas, yet they have very different effects on the cells they target. What accounts for this fact?

Answer: Glucagon and insulin use different cell surface receptors.

11) Type 2 diabetics may reflect declining receptor sensitivity to insulin rather than decreased insulin production.

Answer: TRUE

2) The antagonistic hormones that regulate the blood calcium level are calcitonin-parathormone.

Answer: TRUE

21) Iodine is an essential element required for the synthesis of thyroxine.

Answer: TRUE

14) A woman with excessive body hair, a deep voice, and an enlarged clitoris shows the outward symptoms of which hormonal dysfunction?

Answer: The hormonal dysfunction is hypersecretion of androgens.

7) The ________ gland may influence our day/night cycles and even regulate the onset of sexual maturity.

Answer: pineal

8) The ________ gland is especially large in early childhood, then declines in size and function with age.

Answer: thymus

Match the following: A) Diabetes mellitus B) Addison's disease C) Graves' disease D) Acromegaly E) Pituitary dwarfism 11) An autoimmune problem involving the thyroid gland. 12) Hyposecretion of growth hormone. 13) Hyposecretion of the pancreas. 14) Hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex. 15) Hypersecretion of growth hormone.

Answers: 11) C 12) E 13) A 14) B 15) D

Match the following: A) Hypophysis B) Pancreas C) Thyroid D) Parathyroid E) Adrenal medulla 20) The size and shape of a pea; produces hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands. 21) The gland that controls the fight-or-flight reaction. 22) Produces hormones that regulate glucose levels in the body. 23) Produces a hormone that controls blood levels of calcium and potassium by their removal from bone tissue. 24) Produces the body's major metabolic hormones.

Answers: 20) A 21) E 22) B 23) D 24) C