The Four Founding Fathers of Anthropology
Bronislaw Malinowski (1884-1942)
(Pol) British Approach: Holistic The father of fieldwork Functionalist practices informal interviews Scientific and humanistic= Standardization
Alfred Radcliffe-Brown (1881-1955)
British Approach: Universal laws Nick Name: Anarchy Brown Influence: Russian Anarchist Kropotkin Structural-Functionalist
Who is the father of fieldwork?
Bronislaw Malinowski
What is the theory of evolution and who created it?
Charles Darwin: The gradual change in a species over time to adapt to their environment to survive and procreate.
Was Franz Boas a social-functionalist or a cultural-particularist?
Cultural Particularist
American Anthropology
Franz Boas
I believed in cultural relativism and that culture could not be defined by social theory. I am a firm believer that in order to understand culture one must reflect on the relative empirical facts. Who am I?
Franz Boas
Who was a loyal follower to Herder and Bastian teachings?
Franz Boas
Marcel Mauss (1872-1950)
French Active socialist
Franz Boas (1858-1942)
German Know as: The Father of Anthropology Approach: Cultural relativism, symbolic culture Contribution: -Laid the foundation of many different interest -Led American Anthropology -Prof. @ Columbia University, NY Work: -Ethnographic expeditions to northern and Western Canada. - Baffin Land Inuit (native Americans/First Nations) Schools of thought/influence: -Loyal follower to Herder and Bastian - Trained by German scholars who were anti-evolutionism, holism, relativism - Culture is complex and can not be defined social theory but empirical facts. -Collect empirical data then view theory Considered: - A diffusionist -Believed in cultural relativism - Prominent and outspoken anti-racist
Did Germans believe that culture was an evolutionary process or where they anti-evolutionist?
Germans were anti-evolutionist.
What does diffusion mean?
The process which focuses on high concentration vs low concentration
Did Franz Boas believe in evolution?
No
Did Franz Boas like the comparative method?
No
Was Alfred Radcliffe-Browna structural-functionalist or a cultural-particularist?
Social-Functionalist
Was Bronislaw Malinowski a structural-functionalist or a cultural-particularist?
Social-functionalist he believed that science and humanistic traits = standardization
What is structural-Functionalism?
Focuses broadly on social structures that shape society as a whole. S-F has an impact on our choice The "person" doesn't matter. What matters is that there is an ideal and that ideal is reproducing. It is your job as a person to fall in line with S-F. There is a center of the structure and in this it functions as so.
What was Franz Boaz's theory?
He had none.
Was Franz Boaz into empiricism or grand theory?
He was into empiricism
