The Large Hadron Collider

True

(True / False) CERN is the world's largest particle physics laboratory

True

(True / False) Collaborators for CERN came from every continent

True

(True / False) During a nuclear chain reaction, each neutron can potentially start another fission reaction

True

(True / False) LHCb has sophisticated, movable detectors

True

(True / False) Matter and antimatter should have been created in equal amounts

True

(True / False) Particles travel slower than the speed of light after passing through the Higgs Field

False, they are not

(True / False) Reaction rates are affected by temperature, pressure, and/or catalysts

True

(True / False) The components and theory of the new periodic table are largely understood

4 places

At ___ places, the beams intersect to form collision points

Swiss-French

CERN is a multi-national laboratory on the ___________ border

100000x

CMS creates a magnetic field _______x that of Earth's

Differently

CMS searches for the Higgs Boson, extra dimensions, and dark matter (similarly / differently) from ATLAS

Electrons in atomic orbitals

Chemical Reactions involve ONLY _________ in atomic orbitals

Small

Chemical Reactions release relatively (large / small) amounts of energy

Chemical Reactions

During _________, atoms are rearranged by breaking and forming chemical bonds

Nuclear Reactions

During ___________, isotopes are converted from one form to another

2 or 3

During a Nuclear Chain Reaction, each fission that occurs produces ________ neutrons

100,000x

During collisions in ALICE, temperatures will be _______x hotter than the core of the sun

Neutron

During fission, first: a slow moving free _______ enters the nucleus of a fissionable atom

High

During fission, fragments are propelled apart at a (high / low) speed

Fissile

For a neutron to start another fission reaction, the neutron must be moving slowly enough to be absorbed by another ________

Detectors

Four _______ at different points around the ring reconstruct the debris from the collisions

40 million snaps per second

How fast are the detectors (digital cameras)

50ft

How high is ALICE

82ft

How high is ATLAS

50ft

How high is CMS

Cathedral-sized

How large are the detectors

85ft

How long is ALICE

150ft

How long is ATLAS

70ft

How long is CMS

22 million

How much does ALICE weigh

15 million lbs

How much does ATLAS wiegh

27.5 million

How much does CMS weigh

50ft

How wide is ALICE

82ft

How wide is ATLAS

50ft

How wide is CMS

2010

In what year did the first collisions occur

LHCb

It is the role of _____ to study the slight differences between matter and antimatter

Heat

Kinetic energy of the fragments is transformed into ______ as they collide with surrounding atoms

- protons - neutrons - electrons

Nuclear reactions involve.....

Large

Nuclear reactions release relatively (large / small) amounts of energy

99.9999%

Protons are accelerated to ________ the speed of the light

They were constructed by hundreds of physicists, technicians, and engineers

Prove that the detectors were built by collaboration

LHC

Subtle differences between matter and anti-matter will be investigated at the _____

- Bottomonium state - 125 GeV boson

Thanks to the LHC, which two previously unobserved particles had been discovered by Nov. 2012

2

The Large Hadron Collider has been designed and built over the last (2 / 3) decades

300

The accelerator exists _____ft below the surface of the earth

Better

The detectors are (better / worse) than hair-width accuracy

1954

The joint venture of CERN started in _____

- temperature - pressure - concentration - catalysts

The reaction rates of chemical reactions can be influenced by...

Mass

The role of the Higgs Field is to give _____ to particles

500,000

There are approximately ____ strands of DNA per nm

20

There are approximately _____ cells per nm

500 billion

There are approximately ______ nuclei per nm

1 million billion

There are more than ________ quarks per nm

ALICE

Using _______, collides lead ions to recreate conditions after the big bang

- medical imaging - research - education - computing - technology

What are some famous particle physics spin-offs

- cells - DNA - Nucleus - quarks

What are the building blocks of matter

- strong - weak - gravitational - electromagnetic

What are the four fundamental forces of the standard model

Reactants --> products

What are the two sides of a balanced equation

Magnets

What bends the accelerator in a circle

Electric waves

What causes the particles to speed up

A Large Ion Collider Experiment

What does ALICE stand for

A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS

What does ATLAS stand for

Compact muon Solenoid

What does CMS stand for

Large Hadron Collider beauty

What does LHCb stand for

Higgs Field

What gives space a kind of all-pervasive sticky-substance

Meson

What is "a subatomic particle that is intermediate in mass between an electron and a proton and transmits the strong interaction that binds nucleons together in the atomic nucleus"

Bottomonium

What is "any meson, such as an upsilon particle, formed from a bottom quark and its antiquark"

Unknown (not atoms)

What is Dark Matter made from

Atoms from stars, planets, people, etc.

What is Matter made from

Quark-gluon plasma (QGP)

What is a phase of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) which is hypothesized to exist at extremely high temperature, density, or both temperature and density

Supersymmetry

What is a very general type of mathematical symmetry that relates fermions and bosons

Muon

What is an unstable subatomic particle of the same class as an electron (a lepton), but with a mass around 200 times greater

Higgs boson

What is another name for the 125 GeV boson

Dark energy

What is even weirder than dark matter

CERN

What is the European Laboratory for Particle Physics

5 mi

What is the diameter of the accelerator

Kinetic energy

What is the energy of motion

To help answer some of the deepest mysteries in science

What is the goal of the Large Hadron Collider

Fission

What is the process of splitting atoms

To study the 'beauty quark' or 'b-quark'

What is the purpose of LHCb

The Large Hadron Collider

What is the world's largest, most sophisticated machine ever built

Digital cameras

What is used as the human detector

Superfluid Helium

What is used to cool the accelerator to 1.9K

One must have a self-sustaining fission chain reaction

What must exist in a nuclear chain reaction that produces enough heat to generate electricity

- the number of protons plus electrons must be equal on both sides - the nuclear charges must be equal on both sides of the equation

What rules must be followed when balancing equations

"g"

What symbol denotes a gluon

"y"

What symbol denotes a photon

u, c, t, d, s, or b

What symbol denotes a quark

"e"

What symbol denotes an electron

Nucleus

When a slow moving free neutron enters the nucleus of a fissionable atom, the _______ becomes unstable, vibrates, and then splits apart

Sept. '08

When was the Large Hadron Collider turned on for the first time

Sept. '09

When was the Large Hadron Collider turned on for the second time

Electromagnetic

Which force has an infinite range and is carried by the photon

Weak

Which force is effective only for a short distance, is much stronger than gravity but weaker than the other two, and is carried by the W & Z

Strong

Which force is effective only for a short distance, is the strongest, and is carried by the Gluon

Gravitational

Which force is the weakest, has an infinite range, is not in the standard model, and should be carried by the Graviton

- French Alps Lake Geneva Geneva French Jura Mts.

Which major landmarks surround CERN

Malfunction in a superconducting magnet

Why was the beam halted just a few days after the Large Hadron Collider had been turned on