The Renaissance

What are Renaissance Men?

Heroes and models who were seen as they could do many things

How does an urban society help generate and spread culture?

Urban societies are the locations of markets in which a diversity of people exchange cultures as well as goods

What three city stated of Italy were the largest contributors to the Renaissance?

Venus, Florence, Milan

How did Renaissance ideas spread?

Warfare by looting through trading and through imitation. They were spread out of Italy and throughout Europe

How did the renaissance spread?

Warfare, trade, books

What does the term Renaissance mean?

"Rebirth"

What was the renaissance?

"Rebirth" described the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature, innovation, and art

How many volumes of books were printed in the first fifty years after printing came to Europe?

20 million volumes of books were printed

What events took place in the renaissance?

Age of Exploration, Protestant Reformation, Scientific Revolution, Rise of Modern Nations

What did Renaissance Art begin to reflect and how did competition inspire innovation?

Art and the money to be made by wealthy patrons looking for the newest trend inspired artists to take risks and experiment with new concepts, themes, and methods to appeal more people

Who paid for the building of masterworks in the classical styles?

Bankers

What is the main theme of The Prince?

Better to be feared than loved, people are naturally selfish, ends justify the means

What did Donatello paint?

Bronze statue

What are the influences of humanism?

Come from Greek and Roman culture and more educated society from scholasticism and individual accomplishments

What is the republic of letters?

Community of humanists in Europe

What did Michelangelo paint?

David Marvel Statue, The Pietta-Mary, The Sistine Chapel

Characteristics of Renaissance Art.

Depth, shade, perception, texture, etc.

Who is the prince of the humanists?

Desiderius Erasmus

What did Dante Allegrati do?

Developed Italian

What is secularism?

Emphasis on non-religious values and concerns (separation of church and state

What did the renaissance not do?

End poverty

Where did the renaissance take place

Europe during the 14th-16th centuries

What are paterfamilias?

Father is the center of every family and center of power

What else did bankers finance?

Financed artists

What did the Medici family do during the renaissance?

Financed it

Where was the "headquarters" of the humanist revival?

Florence

How was the West after the Renaissance?

Focus on this life, individual is important, learning "classics", age of reason

What is individualism?

Focus on unique qualities and abilities of individual person

How was the West before the Renaissance?

Focused on afterlife, individual not important, little focus on education, age of faith, dark ages

What is scholasticism?

Focused on early church teaching and Aristotelean logic

What are the roots of humanism?

Go back to Dante in patriarch. Italian authors who wrote in vernacular so all who were literate could grow into education

What are the "humanities"?

Grammar, rhetoric, logic

What was the impact of Johannes Gutenberg?

Improved upon the printing press, made books more available

Describe how the Greeks and Roman's contributed to the Renaissance; how were their ideas rediscovered?

In terms of the subjects studied and the art that it copied. These ideas were helped translated by Muslim scholars who preserved these words throughout the dark ages

What was the heartland of the early Renaissance?

Italian-city states

How did the rise of the city state in Italy contribute to the Renaissance?

Italy was well suited for trade because of a proximity to water and in centralized location. Historically, it had been the center of the Roman Empire and location of the papacy being the center of Europe allowed Italy to be a producer of cultural trends distributed along trade networks

Who is credited with the discovery of movable type writing?

Johannes Gutenberg

What is the effect of humanism on the Catholic Church?

Led to question governments and institutional church

Who is the renaissance thinker who shaped what we now call political science?

Machiavelli

What is the concept of Satire?

Making fun of something through imitation and mockery (Canterbury Tales)

Who were the Patty Familias

Males

Who is Dante Alighieri?

Man from Florence, famous for writing Divine Comedy, Into Hell Purgatory, Paradise; attacked leaders of his day

What is the major legacy of the Renaissance?

Manure inventions such as the clock, watch, toilet, thermometer

What did Da Vinci paint?

Mona Lisa, The Last Supper

What was the renaissance shaped and promoted by?

Movable type printing

What group helped preserved many writings of Greece and Rome during the dark ages that was rediscovered?

Muslims

Did everyone accept humanism?

No

What does vernacular mean?

Not Latin

Why are books like the Canterbury tales and the Divine Comedy so important?

One of the first books in English printed, contributed to English language, described life in high middle age society

What are the concepts and themes of the Prince?

One of the most famous book during renaissance, written out of spite to Florence leader; themes- ends justify means and better to be feared than loved

Who coined the term "dark ages" and why?

Patriarch

What is patronage?

Pay for many things

Whose lives were not much transformed?

Peasants

What is Dante's Inferno?

Poetic justice (get what you deserve) and critiques

What is humanism?

Potential, progress, expansion of knowledge

What did the renaissance make art more of?

Realistic

Who was Leonardo Davinci?

Sculptor, inventor, renaissance man, art

What are things not revolving around church affair called?

Secular

What was the first printed press book?

The Bible

What helped develop English?

The Canterbury Tales

How did competition amongst patron's and the free market create the great works of Renaissance Art?

The characteristics focused on three dimensional objects, the use of color, shaped, textures, and geometry were all utilized to make the illusion of depth and after perspective

What were the major causes of the Renaissance?

The crusades, Muslim scholars, reopening of Silk Road, increase in trade

What were the things that influenced Renaissance Art?

The natural world, characteristics of humanism, accomplishments of man biblical stories, mythology

What did Rafael paint?

The school of Athens portrait

What group of society benefited more of the renaissance?

The upper/urban

What did studying humanities lead to?

Theology. Philosophy, Law, Medicine

How did the northern renaissance ideas help to impact the later protestant reformation?

They focused on education and literacy as a way of creating reformation and they wanted to translate the Bible into the vernaculars

Explain the role of the Medici family as Patrons of the Arts.

We're crucial in starting the trend of art patronization and worked to make Florence a great center of artistic and political power

What is the concept of the Courtier?

Writing about training of young men in courtly ideal of renaissance gentlemen

How did war, trade, and Johannes Gutenberg printing press help spread the ideas of the Renaissance?

Written works became available in English, French, Spanish, Italian, or German; more people began to read the Bible; after reading the Bible, people formed new ideas about Christianity