Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned Behavior

Perceived behavioral control

A person's assessment of the amount of control they have over ---engaging in a certain behavior -Similar to self-efficacy= belief in his or her capacity to execute behaviors

Behavioral intentions

A person's plans or aims to engage in behavior

Attitudes

Attitudes predict behavioral intention in both theories. Attitudes=A series of (1) beliefs about the likelihood of certain outcomes (b) and (2) the valence or evaluations attached to those beliefs (e)

Expectancy value theories

Both the theory of reasoned action and the Theory of Planned Behavior are called expectancy value theories, aka an umbrella concept for a few different theories. We have expectancy then attach a positive or negative value.

subjective norm examples

My mom thinks I should go to the gym three times a week n=0, m=1 She doesn't care if you go to the gym=0 and you are not really motivated to go to the gym=1 Contribution to subjective norms= 0(0x1=0) My brother thinks I should go to the gym three times per week. n=-2, m=2 Brothers think its stupid to go to the gym=-2 and you are pretty motivated to go to the gym=2 =-4(-2x2=-4)

Behavioral belief

People tend to associate the performance of a certain behavior with a certain set of outcomes or features. -This is the likelihood of certain outcomes example: a person believes that if he or she studies for a month for his or her driver's license test, that one will pass the test after failing it the first time without studying at all. AKA.. If you study the likelihood outcome is a good grade on the test

Motivation to comply

how much you care about their opinion

Tradition

socio-psychological

two subcomponents of perceived behavioral control

1) Control belief strength 2) Power of control

subcomponents of perceived behavioral control: Control belief strength

-This one refers to internal motivation/ internal drive -Can't get motivation to go to get up and go to the gym would be a control belief

two subcomponents of attitudes

-Beliefs (b) can be measured on a scale ranging from 0 to 3 -Evaluations (e) can be measured on a scale ranging from -3 to 3

subcomponents of perceived behavioral control: Power of control

-More pragmatic/ hand your dealt in life -Don't have enough money for gym membership and don't have a car to drive to the gym

Attitude examples

Going to the gym three times per week will help me lose weight. b=1, e=3 b= expectancy of something actually occuring e=value of something actually happening Contribution to attitude = (1x3=3) Going to the gym three times per week will help prevent heart problems when I am older. b=0, e=3 Contribution to attitude (0x3)=0 Going to the gym three times per week is expensive b=3, e=-3 Contribution to attitude= (3x-3)=-9 This person's overall attitude about going to the gym three times a week is -6 3+0+-9=-6 add all the totals together

The contribution the theory of planned behavior made to the theory of reasoned action

In some cases, a person may not have complete control over a behavior even if their intentions to engage in the behavior is high. The theory (TPB) found that behavior is not 100% voluntarily and controlled which lead to perceived behavioral control

two subcomponents of subjective norms

Normative beliefs (n) can be measured on a scale ranging from -3 to 3. Motivations to comply (m) can be measured on a scale ranging from 0 to 3.

Normative beliefs

Normative beliefs are individuals' beliefs about the extent to which other people who are important to them think they should or should not perform particular behaviors

Theoretical Approach

Positive/Empirical

Subjective norms

Subjective norms predict behavioral intention in both theories. Subjective norms=the perceived social pressure to engage or not engage in a certain behavior. Comprised of a series of (1) normative beliefs (n) and (2) motivation to comply with each normative belief (m).

When the theory of reasoned action is useful/not useful

The theory of reasoned action is not very helpful in explaining behaviors when volitional control (process by which an individual decides on and commits to a particular course of action) is low.

What is the Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned Behavior?

The theory states that intention toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, together shape an individual's behavioral intentions and behaviors.

Evaluation

the way people perceive and evaluate the potential outcomes of a performed behavior. Such evaluations are conceived in a binary "good-bad" fashion-like manner. Example: a person may evaluate the outcome of quitting smoking cigarettes as positive if the behavioral belief is improved breathing and clean lungs.