Thyroid and Parathyroid Agents
What laboratory values would the nurse expect in a patient with excessive levothyroxine intake? A. Elevated T3 and T4, and decreased TSH B. Decreased T3 and T4, and increased TSH C. Normal T3 and T4, and normal TSH D. Increased T3 and T4, and normal TSH
A. Elevated T3 and T4, and decreased TSH Excessive levothyroxine intake can lead to elevated T3 and T4 levels and decreased TSH due to the negative feedback loop.
Which of the following represents a correct nursing implication regarding the use of Strong's solution for patients with thyroid conditions? Options: A. Administer the solution directly without the use of a straw. B. Instruct the patient to discontinue the medication if experiencing mild gastrointestinal disturbances. C. Use a straw when taking the solution to prevent teeth staining, and have the sulfate antidote available as necessary. D. Encourage the patient to increase the dosage if symptoms worsen.
A. Incorrect. Administering Strong's solution without a straw can lead to teeth staining due to iodine, a side effect best prevented by using a straw. B. Incorrect. Although gastrointestinal disturbances might occur, discontinuing the medication without consulting a healthcare professional is not recommended. C. Correct. Using a straw while taking Strong's solution helps prevent teeth staining, a common side effect of iodine ingestion. Additionally, having the sulfate antidote available aligns with nursing considerations for managing potential toxicity. D. Incorrect. Adjusting the dosage without medical consultation can lead to adverse effects and is not recommended.
A patient receiving treatment with an iodine solution starts experiencing signs of iodism, including metallic taste, sore gums, and diarrhea. The patient's condition deteriorates, showing late signs of iodine toxicity with gastrointestinal distress and glottitis. What is the appropriate nursing action concerning the antidote for this condition? Question: Considering the patient's deteriorating condition due to iodine toxicity, what antidote should the nurse prepare for administration? Options: A. Calcium gluconate B. Potassium chloride C. Sodium thiosulfate D. Magnesium sulfate
A. Incorrect. Calcium gluconate is not the antidote for iodine toxicity. It is used in specific scenarios, such as calcium channel blocker overdoses. B. Incorrect. Potassium chloride is used to treat or prevent potassium deficiency, not iodine toxicity. C. Correct. Sodium thiosulfate is the antidote for iodine solution toxicity. It assists in managing symptoms of iodism and late-stage iodine toxicity. D. Incorrect. Magnesium sulfate is used for various conditions like eclampsia and pre-eclampsia, not for iodine toxicity.
How might malnutrition affect the dosage requirement of levothyroxine in a patient? A. It might increase the need for a higher dose B. It might not affect the drug's absorption C. It might decrease the need for a lower dose D. It might lead to an increased risk of allergic reactions
A. It might increase the need for a higher dose Malnutrition can lead to decreased protein levels, affecting drug binding. Consequently, a higher dosage might be required to achieve therapeutic effects.
Why should levothyroxine be administered on an empty stomach first thing in the morning? A. To ensure consistent absorption B. To prevent drug interactions with food C. To increase the medication's effectiveness D. To avoid gastrointestinal side effects
A. To ensure consistent absorption Taking levothyroxine on an empty stomach in the morning ensures consistent and optimal absorption. This practice prevents the medication from binding to food in the gastrointestinal tract, ensuring adequate drug absorption.
A patient has been prescribed Propylthiouracil (PTU) for hyperthyroidism. The nurse is educating the patient about dietary considerations while on this medication. What information should the nurse emphasize regarding the patient's diet? A. Encourage increased intake of iodine-rich foods such as shellfish and iodized salt to balance thyroid hormones. B. Suggest consuming soy products and eggs to aid in the regulation of thyroid function. C. Advise the patient to decrease the consumption of fish, shellfish, iodized salt, and dairy products to reduce dietary iodine intake. D. Recommend adding a variety of nuts and seeds to the diet to counteract the effects of PTU.
Answer: C Rationale: Patients on PTU for hyperthyroidism should reduce dietary iodine intake as PTU inhibits thyroid hormone production. Consuming high-iodine foods like fish, shellfish, iodized salt, and dairy products can interfere with PTU's effectiveness in regulating thyroid hormones.
Why might a patient experiencing diarrhea and malabsorption due to excessive levothyroxine also encounter weight loss? A. Due to increased appetite B. Because of improved nutrient absorption C. As a result of increased metabolic rate D. To manage anxiety symptoms
As a result of increased metabolic rate Excessive levothyroxine can elevate the metabolic rate, leading to increased nutrient metabolism, diarrhea, and malabsorption, ultimately resulting in weight loss.
A patient diagnosed with hyperthyroidism has been prescribed Propylthiouracil (PTU). As a nurse, you're responsible for educating the patient about the medication and its implications. Question: What nursing implications should be highlighted when educating a patient on Propylthiouracil (PTU) therapy for managing hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply: A. Encouraging increased iodine-rich food intake B. Stressing the importance of regular thyroid function tests C. Advising avoidance of foods high in iodine content D. Teaching the patient to take PTU with calcium-rich foods E. Emphasizing the need for reduced dietary iodine intake F. Instructing the patient to discontinue PTU if symptoms improve G. Recommending increased consumption of shellfish and soy milk
B, C, E Stressing the importance of regular thyroid function tests, advising avoidance of foods high in iodine content, and emphasizing the need for reduced dietary iodine intake are crucial nursing implications when educating a patient prescribed PTU for managing hyperthyroidism.
Which patient condition requires a lower dose of levothyroxine? A. Young adult with a balanced diet B. Middle-aged patient undergoing chemotherapy C. Individual experiencing chronic illness D. Elderly patient with malnutrition
B,C,D 1. Malnutrition, low protein 2. Low protein then lower the dose, lower proteins for the drug to attach to, since less of the drug is getting caught up and bound up to the proteins 3. What happened to me that can make my protein level drops? a. Chemo b. Malnutrition c. Chronic illness d. Older age 4. What needs to happen to my dose? a. Dose needs to go down because there is less proteins for the frug to bind to!
A patient receiving levothyroxine therapy is concerned about food and drug interactions that might affect its absorption. Which substances or medications are known to interfere with levothyroxine absorption? A. Dairy products, antihypertensives, and vitamin C supplements B. Calcium, antacids, iron supplements, and cholestyramine C. Herbal teas, NSAIDs, and opioid painkillers D. Probiotics, magnesium supplements, and oral contraceptives
B. Calcium, antacids, iron supplements, and cholestyramine Calcium-containing products, antacids, iron supplements, and cholestyramine are known to interfere with levothyroxine absorption, potentially reducing its effectiveness.
Which factor could lead to unpredictable levothyroxine absorption and bioavailability? A. Consistent administration with the same brand B. Changing brands frequently C. Administering medication with food D. Taking the medication at the same time daily
B. Changing brands frequently Levothyroxine has more predictable bioavailability when consistently taken with the same brand. Different brands or formulations may have variations in absorption rates and potency, causing fluctuations in the body's response to the drug. Changing brands can disrupt the delicate balance of thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
What health condition(s) might necessitate a dose adjustment for levothyroxine? A. Recent weight gain B. Chronic illness C. Consistent adherence to medication schedule D. Routine thyroid function tests
B. Chronic illness Chronic illnesses can alter protein levels, affecting the binding of levothyroxine. Patients with chronic illnesses may experience fluctuations in protein levels, necessitating adjustments in levothyroxine dosage to maintain therapeutic efficacy and prevent potential adverse effects.
A patient on levothyroxine therapy presents with symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including anxiety, tremors, increased heart rate, and heat intolerance. Which management approach aligns best with addressing these symptoms? A. Increasing the dose of levothyroxine B. Reducing the dose of levothyroxine C. Initiating concurrent treatment with a beta-blocker D. Switching to a different brand of levothyroxine
B. Reducing the dose of levothyroxine Excessive levothyroxine intake leading to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as increased heart rate, heat intolerance, diarrhea, malabsorption, and weight loss, necessitates a reduction in the dose of the medication to alleviate these symptoms.
Why is it essential for the patient to maintain consistency with the same brand of levothyroxine throughout therapy? A. To prevent allergic reactions B. To ensure stable hormone levels and response C. To avoid drug interactions with other medications D. To reduce the risk of side effects
B. To ensure stable hormone levels and response Consistency with the same brand of levothyroxine ensures a stable and predictable response in the body. Changes in brands may lead to variations in bioavailability, affecting hormone levels and therapeutic outcomes.
A patient is prescribed levothyroxine and expresses concerns about how to take the medication. What explanation best clarifies the recommendation for consistent absorption and avoiding binding to food in relation to levothyroxine? A. To enhance medication effectiveness, take with food consistently B. To prevent medication interaction, take on an empty stomach C. To improve drug absorption, take without food D. To minimize potential side effects, take with calcium-containing foods
B. To prevent medication interaction, take on an empty stomach Taking levothyroxine on an empty stomach ensures consistent absorption and prevents binding to food, calcium, antacids, iron, or cholestyramine, which may interfere with its effectiveness.
What potential issue may arise if a patient switches between different brands of levothyroxine during therapy? A. An increase in drug potency B. Unpredictable bioavailability C. Reduced risk of side effects D. Improved hormone regulation
B. Unpredictable bioavailability Switching between different brands of levothyroxine can result in variations in the drug's bioavailability, leading to unpredictable absorption and potential fluctuations in hormone levels.
In the context of levothyroxine's protein binding, why might a patient with malnutrition require a lower dose of the medication? A. To prevent drug interactions B. Due to increased protein levels C. Because of decreased protein availability for drug binding D. To avoid allergic reactions
C. Because of decreased protein availability for drug binding Malnutrition results in reduced protein levels, which limits the available proteins for the drug to bind to. Consequently, a lower dose might be necessary to maintain therapeutic effects.
Why should levothyroxine be used cautiously or avoided in patients with acute myocardial infarction? A. Due to increased risk of weight gain B. To prevent hypotension C. Because of potential exacerbation of cardiac workload D. To address symptoms of cold intolerance
C. Because of potential exacerbation of cardiac workload Levothyroxine can increase heart rate and cardiac workload, which may be detrimental for individuals recovering from an acute myocardial infarction, potentially causing strain on the heart.
Which patient condition(s) can contribute to decreased protein levels affecting drug binding? A. Regular exercise routine B. Recent weight loss C. Chronic illness and malnutrition D. Young age and healthy lifestyle
C. Chronic illness and malnutrition Chronic illnesses and malnutrition can cause decreased protein levels, impacting drug binding. This condition might require dosage adjustments in medications, such as levothyroxine, to prevent adverse effects.
What modification should be considered in the patient's levothyroxine dosage based on the current condition? A. Increase the dose due to reduced absorption B. Maintain the current dose for symptom management C. Decrease the dose due to decreased protein binding D. Discontinue levothyroxine due to malnutrition
C. Decrease the dose due to decreased protein bindingWith lower protein levels caused by malnutrition, there's a higher percentage of free levothyroxine in the bloodstream. Decreasing the dosage compensates for the reduced protein binding, preventing potential hyperthyroid symptoms.
Which symptoms experienced by the patient are characteristic of thyrotoxicosis? A. Weight gain and constipation B. Bradycardia and fatigue C. Heat intolerance and palpitations D. Cold intolerance and depression
C. Heat intolerance and palpitations Thyrotoxicosis or hyperthyroidism is characterized by symptoms such as heat intolerance, palpitations, increased heart rate, and other signs of an overactive thyroid gland
Considering the patient's symptoms and history of malnutrition, which potential adverse effect of levothyroxine therapy is likely being experienced? A. Hypotension and dizziness B. Constipation and weight gain C. Hyperthyroidism and increased heart rate D. Bradycardia and cold intolerance
C. Hyperthyroidism and increased heart rate Malnutrition can lead to decreased protein levels, affecting the binding of levothyroxine. Lower protein levels result in increased free drug availability, potentially leading to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including palpitations and excessive sweating.
What potential challenge might a patient face if they frequently change brands of levothyroxine? A. Reduced side effects B. Improved absorption rates C. Inconsistent hormone replacement D. Lower risk of interactions
C. Inconsistent hormone replacement Frequent changes in levothyroxine brands can lead to inconsistent hormone replacement, impacting therapy's effectiveness due to variations in drug absorption and bioavailability.
What symptom might a patient experience due to excessive levothyroxine intake that indicates heat intolerance? A. Increased appetite B. Decreased heart rate C. Increased body temperature D. Decreased perspiration
C. Increased body temperature Excessive levothyroxine intake can lead to elevated body temperature, contributing to heat intolerance as a symptom of hyperthyroidism.
What is the significance of the nurse's observation that the patient's TSH level is markedly low? A. Indicates underdosing of levothyroxine B. Suggests the thyroid is functioning adequately C. Indicates overdose of levothyroxine D. Reflects a normal response to therapy.
C. Indicates overdose of levothyroxine A markedly low TSH level suggests an excessive dosage of levothyroxine. In such cases, the pituitary gland reduces TSH production as there's no need to stimulate the thyroid, contributing to symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
What could be a potential concern regarding the patient's increased heart rate (HR of 140) while on levothyroxine therapy? A. It indicates an allergic reaction to the medication B. It suggests inadequate absorption of the drug C. It might be a sign of hyperthyroidism due to excessive drug D. It demonstrates the effectiveness of the treatment
C. It might be a sign of hyperthyroidism due to excessive drug An elevated heart rate (tachycardia) could indicate excessive thyroid hormone levels caused by an overdose of levothyroxine, leading to symptoms mimicking hyperthyroidism.
Why should a patient be educated about consistent levothyroxine intake regarding food and other medications? A. To reduce the risk of allergic reactions B. To promote rapid weight loss C. To ensure consistent drug absorption D. To minimize drug interactions
C. To ensure consistent drug absorptionEducating the patient about consistent intake, especially concerning food and other medications, helps maintain consistent drug absorption, ensuring optimal therapeutic outcomes.
What is the primary reason for administering levothyroxine to a patient with hypothyroidism? A. To decrease heart rate B. To suppress thyroid function C. To mimic the endogenous hormone T4 D. To stimulate TSH production
C. To mimic the endogenous hormone T4 Levothyroxine, as a synthetic form of T4, is administered to replace the deficient thyroid hormone in patients with hypothyroidism.
A patient with hypothyroidism is prescribed medication to replace deficient thyroid hormones. Which medication is most suitable for this patient? A. Levothyroxine B. Propylthiouracil (PTU) C. Both A and B D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A Explanation: Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of T4, suitable for patients with hypothyroidism, as it replaces deficient thyroid hormones.
A patient experiences adverse effects of insomnia, weight gain, and lethargy. Which medication is more likely responsible for these side effects? A. Levothyroxine B. Propylthiouracil (PTU) C. Both A and B D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A Explanation: Levothyroxine, when administered excessively, can lead to hyperthyroidism-like symptoms, including insomnia, weight loss, and nervousness.
A patient, diagnosed with hypothyroidism, is concerned about the consistency of medication absorption. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate regarding medication administration? A. "Take Levothyroxine with a meal for better absorption." B. "Take Levothyroxine on an empty stomach first thing in the morning." C. "Take PTU with food to prevent stomach upset." D. "Take PTU with a full glass of water for optimal absorption."
Correct Answer: B Explanation: Levothyroxine is best absorbed on an empty stomach to ensure consistent absorption. PTU, on the other hand, is taken around the clock due to the constant synthesis of thyroid hormones in hyperthyroidism.
The nurse explains the medication's mechanism of action to the patient. Which statement accurately describes PTU's mechanism of action? A. PTU primarily increases the production of T3 and T4 in the thyroid gland to restore hormonal balance. B. PTU impedes the conversion of T3 to T4 in the peripheral tissues, reducing excess thyroid hormone synthesis. C. PTU inhibits the thyroid's ability to secrete hormones, minimizing thyroid hormone production. D. PTU stimulates the thyroid gland to produce more T3 and T4, restoring normal thyroid function.
Correct Answer: B Explanation: Propylthiouracil (PTU) works by inhibiting the conversion of T3 to T4 in the peripheral tissues. By doing so, it reduces the excess synthesis of thyroid hormones, thus helping in managing hyperthyroidism.
A patient with hyperthyroidism is at risk of overactive thyroid hormone synthesis. Which medication would be appropriate to manage excess thyroid hormone production? A. Levothyroxine B. Propylthiouracil (PTU) C. Both A and B D. None of the above
Correct Answer: BExplanation:Propylthiouracil (PTU) inhibits the conversion of T3 to T4, reducing excess thyroid hormone synthesis, making it suitable for managing hyperthyroidism.
A patient complains of a metallic taste, burning in the mouth, and sore gums after taking a specific medication. Which medication is most likely causing these symptoms? A. Levothyroxine B. Propylthiouracil (PTU) C. Strong's solution (High-dose iodine) D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C Explanation: High-dose iodine (Strong's solution) can cause iodism, leading to metallic taste, burning mouth, sore gums, and diarrhea as side effects.
A nurse is educating a group of patients about different medications used for managing thyroid disorders. They discuss two commonly prescribed drugs: Levothyroxine and Propylthiouracil (PTU). Considering their mechanisms of action and therapeutic uses, which statement correctly differentiates between these medications? A. Levothyroxine and PTU both stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more T3 and T4 hormones. B. Levothyroxine works by inhibiting the conversion of T3 to T4, while PTU primarily increases the synthesis of thyroid hormones. C. Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of T4 hormone and replaces deficient thyroid hormone levels, while PTU inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3, reducing excess thyroid hormone synthesis. D. Levothyroxine and PTU both block the production of T3, thereby regulating thyroid hormone levels in hyperthyroidism.
Correct Answer: C Explanation: Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of T4 hormone that supplements deficient thyroid hormones. It replaces the lacking thyroid hormones in hypothyroidism. On the other hand, PTU inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3, reducing excess thyroid hormone synthesis in hyperthyroidism.
A patient with thyroid storm is prescribed a medication to temporarily inhibit thyroid hormone production. Which medication among the following options is most suitable for this purpose? A. Levothyroxine B. Propylthiouracil (PTU) C. Strong's solution (High-dose iodine) D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C Explanation: Strong's solution, or high-dose iodine, temporarily inhibits thyroid hormone production, making it suitable for managing thyroid storm.
What adverse effects might NOT indicate inadequate thyroid hormone levels in a patient taking Propylthiouracil (PTU)? Select all that apply: A. Liver function test abnormalities B. Decreased white blood cell count C. Respiratory depression D. Increased heart rate E. Weight gain F. Lethargy and depression G. Insomnia
D
A patient newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism is prescribed levothyroxine. What statement made by the patient indicates an understanding of the necessity for long-term medication use? A. "I will take levothyroxine until my symptoms disappear." B. "I may need to adjust the dosage of levothyroxine regularly." C. "I understand that levothyroxine is a short-term treatment." D. "I will need to take levothyroxine for the rest of my life."
D. "I will need to take levothyroxine for the rest of my life." Levothyroxine is typically a life-long therapy for hypothyroidism since the thyroid hormone replacement compensates for the deficit in naturally produced hormones.
Which symptom might a patient with excessive levothyroxine intake primarily experience? A. Bradycardia B. Decreased body temperature C. Weight gain D. Anxiety and tremors
D. Anxiety and tremors Excessive levothyroxine can lead to symptoms resembling hyperthyroidism, including anxiety and tremors, due to elevated thyroid hormone levels.
Why might it be contraindicated to administer a higher dose of levothyroxine to a patient who recently experienced a heart attack? A. Due to decreased cardiac workload B. To manage anxiety symptoms C. To lower body temperature D. Because it may increase cardiac workload
D. Because it may increase cardiac workload Increasing the dose of levothyroxine after a recent heart attack can exacerbate tachycardia and palpitations, potentially increasing the cardiac workload, leading to complications.
What is the primary mechanism of action of Propylthiouracil (PTU) in managing an overactive thyroid? A. Stimulating thyroid hormone synthesis B. Promoting T3 conversion to T4 in the tissues C. Blocking T3 production in the thyroid D. Inhibiting T3 and T4 production in the thyroid and peripheral tissues
D. Inhibiting T3 and T4 production in the thyroid and peripheral tissues Propylthiouracil (PTU) works by inhibiting the production of T3 and also the conversion of T4 to T3 in the peripheral tissues, thereby reducing the overall presence of active thyroid hormones.
Why is it crucial for a patient to maintain consistency with the same brand of levothyroxine during therapy? A. To enhance drug absorption B. To avoid potential side effects C. To prevent changes in thyroid hormone levels D. To ensure a stable therapeutic response
D. To ensure a stable therapeutic response Consistency with the same brand of levothyroxine is vital to maintain a stable concentration of the medication in the body. Different brands can have varying bioavailability, leading to fluctuations in hormone levels and potentially disrupting the patient's thyroid function. Therefore, to achieve optimal therapy outcomes, it's essential to adhere to one brand consistently.
Considering the patient's symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to excessive levothyroxine, why should the nurse avoid increasing the dose further? A. To maintain the patient's current status B. To manage symptoms of depression C. To alleviate cold intolerance D. To prevent exacerbation of cardiac workload
D. To prevent exacerbation of cardiac workload Increasing the dose of levothyroxine in a patient already experiencing symptoms of hyperthyroidism could further strain the heart by elevating heart rate and workload, which might be dangerous, particularly in someone who recently had a heart attack.
What information should the nurse provide to a patient who is on levothyroxine therapy and expresses concern about not losing weight rapidly? A. Weight loss should occur within a week of starting the medicationB. Levothyroxine is not associated with changes in weightC. Rapid weight loss is an expected side effect of the medicationD. Weight loss may take time, and patience is required
D. Weight loss may take time, and patience is required Weight loss is not an immediate effect of levothyroxine, and patients should be informed that it may take time for noticeable changes to occur.
Mrs. Johnson asks, "How long will I need to take PTU?" A. Inform Mrs. Johnson that PTU is a lifelong medication. B. Advise Mrs. Johnson to discontinue PTU if symptoms improve. C. Explain that PTU is a temporary bridge until surgical intervention. D. Recommend stopping PTU after a few weeks.
PTU is often a temporary bridge until surgical intervention, and it's crucial to maintain therapy until then.
Sure, here's a multiple-choice question based on the information about I131: Scenario: A patient diagnosed with benign hyperthyroidism and a goiter is scheduled for I131 treatment. The patient is educated about the procedure and its potential effects. Which precautionary measures should the nurse emphasize to the patient regarding radiation safety after receiving I131 treatment? Question: Considering the patient's recent I131 treatment for benign hyperthyroidism, which precautionary measures should the patient adhere to for radiation safety? Options: A. Increase social interactions to combat feelings of malaise. B. Limit contact with individuals, especially pregnant women, and children. C. Drink plenty of fluids to flush out radiation from the body. D. Engage in regular physical exercise to reduce the effects of radiation sickness.
Rationale: A. Incorrect. Increasing social interactions doesn't address radiation safety precautions. B. Correct. Limiting contact with others, particularly pregnant women and children, is crucial due to the potential radiation risk after I131 treatment. C. Incorrect. While staying hydrated is generally good, it doesn't directly affect the elimination of radiation from the body. D. Incorrect. Regular physical exercise doesn't directly reduce the effects of radiation sickness caused by I131.
Which adverse effects observed in the patient suggest a potential overdose of levothyroxine leading to hyperthyroidism? A. Weight gain and constipation B. Increased temperature and heat intolerance C. Bradycardia and fatigue D. Cold intolerance and depression
Rationale: B. Increased temperature and heat intolerance Experiencing symptoms like increased body temperature and heat intolerance are indicative of hyperthyroidism resulting from excessive doses of levothyroxine. These symptoms represent an overly active thyroid state.
Which medication is used to replace insufficient thyroid hormone and needs consistent brand use due to unpredictable bioavailability, risking imbalance upon switching? A) Levothyroxine B) Propylthiouracil C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Levothyroxine. It is used to replace thyroid hormone and requires consistent brand use to prevent potential imbalance upon switching brands.
Which medication is most likely to cause agranulocytosis as a severe adverse effect, potentially leading to a significant drop in white blood cells? A) Propylthiouracil B) Levothyroxine C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Propylthiouracil. Agranulocytosis is a severe side effect associated with Propylthiouracil, characterized by a substantial decrease in white blood cells.
Which medication is used to inhibit thyroid hormone production by blocking the synthesis of T3 and T4? A) Propylthiouracil B) Levothyroxine C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Propylthiouracil. Propylthiouracil works by inhibiting the production of T3 and T4 hormones in the thyroid.
Which medication is primarily used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism but may pose a risk of liver toxicity, and its adverse effects may include agranulocytosis, insomnia, and weight gain? A) Levothyroxine B) Propylthiouracil C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Propylthiouracil. This medication is used in hyperthyroidism treatment but carries the risk of liver toxicity and adverse effects such as agranulocytosis, insomnia, and weight gain.
Which medication should be temporarily stopped if a patient experiences difficulty breathing, tightening in the throat, and other airway symptoms? A) Propylthiouracil B) Levothyroxine C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Strong's solution. Airway symptoms like difficulty breathing and throat tightening may indicate severe iodine toxicity, requiring immediate cessation of Strong's solution.
Which drug may cause adverse effects such as metallic taste, sore gums, and diarrhea? A) Propylthiouracil B) Levothyroxine C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Strong's solution. Iodine solutions like Strong's solution can lead to iodism symptoms, including metallic taste, sore gums, and diarrhea.
Which medication might a patient be advised to avoid if they have a metallic taste, sore gums, and burning in the mouth? A) Propylthiouracil B) Levothyroxine C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Strong's solution. Iodism symptoms like metallic taste, sore gums, and mouth burning may occur with Strong's solution due to its high iodine content.
Which medication is used temporarily to inhibit thyroid hormone production and can cause iodism symptoms? A) Propylthiouracil B) Levothyroxine C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Strong's solution. Strong's solution, an iodine-based medication, temporarily inhibits thyroid hormone production and may cause iodism symptoms like metallic taste and GI upset.
Which medication is contraindicated for women of childbearing age due to its potential to cause birth defects and is not recommended for individuals under 30 years old? A) Propylthiouracil B) Levothyroxine C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is D) I131. I131 is contraindicated for women of childbearing age and is not recommended for younger individuals due to its potential to cause birth defects and the risks associated with radiation exposure.
Which medication is administered with precautions to minimize radiation exposure? A) Propylthiouracil B) Levothyroxine C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is D) I131. I131, being a radioactive iodine, requires precautions like limiting contact, double flushing, and maintaining distance to minimize radiation exposure.
Which medication would a patient with malaise, nausea, and fever likely be receiving? A) Propylthiouracil B) Levothyroxine C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is D) I131. Patients receiving I131 may experience symptoms like malaise, nausea, and fever, known as radiation sickness.
Which medication involves a single-time dose that targets the thyroid gland and destroys its cells? A) Propylthiouracil B) Levothyroxine C) Strong's solution D) I131
Rationale: The correct answer is D) I131. Radioactive iodine (I131) is administered as a one-time dose and specifically targets and destroys thyroid cells.
Which instruction regarding Levothyroxine administration should the nurse provide to the patient? Options: A. Take Levothyroxine at night before going to bed. B. Administer Levothyroxine with a meal to prevent stomach upset. C. Take Levothyroxine in the morning on an empty stomach with a full glass of water. D. Consume Levothyroxine along with calcium supplements for better absorption.
The correct answer is C. Take Levothyroxine in the morning on an empty stomach with a full glass of water. Educating the patient about the importance of taking Levothyroxine in the morning on an empty stomach facilitates optimal absorption of the medication. Taking it with a meal (Option B) or at night (Option A) may interfere with its absorption. Additionally, taking Levothyroxine with calcium supplements (Option D) can impair its absorption due to potential interference. Therefore, the best practice is to take it in the morning on an empty stomach to ensure adequate absorption.
