topic 18

"I . . . am here today to claim that justice which is due to my people, and the assistance promised to it eight months ago, when fifty nations asserted that aggression had been committed in violation of international treaties. There is no precedent for a Head of State himself speaking in this assembly. But there is also no precedent for a people being victim of such injustice and being at present threatened by abandonment to its aggressor." This speech, delivered at a meeting of the League of Nations, was prompted by what event?

the Italian invasion of Ethiopia

"We have ordered our government to communicate to the governments of the United States, Great Britain, China and the Soviet Union that Our Empire accepts the provisions of their Joint Declaration."—Emperor Hirohito What event prompted this declaration?

the bombing of Nagasaki

Which of the following is an example of wartime cooperation between Hitler and Mussolini?

the conquest of France

What nation was the aggressor in the action described here? "Food was rationed to two pieces of bread a day. Desperate Leningraders ate almost anything. For example, they boiled wallpaper scraped off walls because its paste was said to contain potato flour."

Italy

What was one result of the Yalta Conference?

Staling pledged to enter the war against Japan.

How did the battles of Midway and the Coral Sea differ from earlier naval battles?

They did not involve direct confrontations between enemy ships.

Who implemented the World War II military strategy described in this text?"However, rather than take every single island in the area, [he] decided on what became known as 'island-hopping'. This tactic meant that the Americans took the larger more important islands captured by the Japanese in the Pacific (such as Iwo Jima and Okinawa) and left the smaller ones to 'wither on the vine.'"

General Douglas MacArthur

The westward advance shown on this map was carried out primarily by

German troops under the command of Erwin Rommel.

In this photograph, taken in the Sudetenland in October 1938, who are these women greeting?

German troops who are annexing part of Czechoslovakia.

Which of the following statements is supported by the information given on the above graphs?

Germany lost more than one tenth of its population during World War II.

"The Governments of __________ . . . have decided to stand by and co-operate with one another in their efforts in Greater East Asia and the regions of Europe respectively wherein it is their prime purpose to establish and maintain a new order of things. . . . They further undertake to assist one another with all political, economic and military means if one of the Contracting Powers is attacked by a Power at present not involved in the European War or in the Japanese-Chinese conflict. "What nations belong in the blank space in the above pact?

Germany, Italy, and Japan

Which was a cornerstone of Hitler's anti-Semitic beliefs?

He believed that Jews were to blame for Germany's defeat in World War I.

From Hitler's point of view, what was the chief impact of the Nazi-Soviet Pact?

It allowed him to invade Poland without Soviet interference.

In what way was the Nazi-Soviet Pact similar to the treaty that created the Axis?

It enabled the signers to engage freely in aggressive actions.

Why was the event shown in this photograph significant?

It held political and military leaders accountable for their wartime actions.

Why did the invasion of Poland launch World War II?

It led Britain and France to abandon the policy of appeasement.

What long-term impact did the fighting shown on this map have on the war in Europe?

It opened up a second front in Europe, as Stalin had requested.

Why was the Battle of the Bulge significant?

It was the last time Nazi forces went on the offensive.

What was one reason Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931?

Japanese militarists hoped to build an empire to rival Western colonial empires.

What was one economic effect of World War II?

Nations increased their debt by selling war bonds.

Based on the information on the map below, which of the following nations was still under Axis control at the time the war in Europe ended?

Norway

"Hitler knows that he will have to break us . . . or lose the war. If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be freed." Based on the information given, the words above were most likely spoken by

Winston Churchill after the Dunkirk evacuation.

"An appeaser is one who feeds a crocodile hoping it will eat him last." This quotation most accurately reflects

Winston's Churchill's response to the Munich Pact.

This cartoon depicts the situation in Europe

after D-Day.

Which pairing of letters accurately matches the leader and the action taken by the leader?

d)-g)

The destruction shown in this photograph was the result of the

dropping of the atomic bomb.

Which listing represents the order in which these Allied nations joined the war against the Axis powers?

(1) France and Britain; (2) the Soviet Union; (3) the United States

Two of the three Allied leaders shown in this photograph had earlier cooperated by signing the

Atlantic Charter.

What was one consequence of Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union?

Churchill agreed to support Stalin.

"It all seemed unreal, a sort of dreaming while awake, men were screaming and dying all around me . . . I honestly could have walked the full length of the beach without touching the ground, they were that thickly strewn about."—U.S. soldier Melvin B. Farrel lWhat was one result of the military operation described in the passage above?

Concentration camps in Eastern Europe were liberated.

"There are many more millions in Britain and elsewhere bravely shielding the great flame of democracy from the blackout of barbarism. It is not enough for us merely to trim the wick, or polish the glass. The time has come when we must provide the fuel in ever-increasing amounts to keep that flame alight."—Franklin Roosevelt, March 1941 In this speech, President Roosevelt is discussing the reasons behind what action?

passing the Lend-Lease Act

This map best supports the conclusion that

the Allied island-hopping campaign was achieving its goals.

This map could be used to show the results of

the Anschluss.

Which military action is described in the following text? The battle lasted for five days in May 1942. For the first time in naval history, ships engaged in a naval battle never even saw each other. Attacks were carried out by planes launched from aircraft carriers, or ships that transport aircraft and accommodate the take-off and landing of airplanes. The Allies prevented Japan from seizing several important islands. More importantly, the Americans sank one Japanese aircraft carrier and several cruisers and destroyers.

the Battle of the Coral Sea

This image depicts the results of

the Manhattan Project.

"The time has come when action rather than speech is required. Eighteen months ago in this House I prayed that the responsibility might not fall upon me to ask this country to accept the awful arbitrament of war. I fear that I may not be able to avoid that responsibility. . . . It now only remains for us to set our teeth and to enter upon this struggle, which we ourselves earnestly endeavored to avoid, with determination to see it through to the end. " —Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, speech to House of Commons What event led Chamberlain to make this speech?

the invasion of Poland

Which of the following actions was a direct violation of the treaty that ended World War I?

the remilitarization of Germany

What can be inferred from these words, spoken by Winston Churchill in 1938? "And do not suppose that this is the end. This is only the beginning of the reckoning. This is only the first sip, the first foretaste of a bitter cup which will be proffered to us year by year unless by a supreme recovery of moral health and martial vigor, we arise again and take our stand for freedom as in the olden time."

Churchill did not believe the policy of appeasement would achieve its goals.

Based on this map, the invasion of Okinawa was a direct result of the

Battle of Iwo Jima.

"Soldiers, Sailors and Airmen of the Allied Expeditionary Force! You are about to embark upon the Great Crusade, toward which we have striven these many months. The eyes of the world are upon you. The hopes and prayers of liberty-loving people everywhere march with you."—Dwight Eisenhower, address to the troops, June 2, 1944 What was the result of the "Great Crusade" Eisenhower describes above?

The Allies opened a second front in Europe.

What conclusion is best supported by this chart?

The policy of appeasement did not succeed in achieving its goals.

Which of the following actions did the Nazis take specifically to implement Hitler's "Final Solution?"

They built six special camps in occupied Poland.

What was the main reason the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor?

They wanted to build a Pacific empire without interference.

"I have never felt able to describe my emotional reaction when I first came face to face with indisputable evidence of Nazi brutality. . . . I visited every nook and cranny of the camp because I felt it my duty to be in a position from then on to testify at first hand about these things in case there ever grew up at home the belief or assumption that the stories of Nazi brutality were just propaganda." —General Dwight Eisenhower, letter to General George Marshall after inspecting Buchenwald According to Eisenhower, why did he make it a point to visit Buchenwald?

to counter any false claims that the Holocaust never happened

When they met at Yalta, the Big Three disagreed about

what the political future of Eastern Europe would be.