Topic 3 Practice Test

What document was signed in 1215 and was the first legislation to limit the power of the King of England? It was the original stepping stone towards limited government in England, and eventually the rest of Europe

Magna Carta

The Congress shall have the Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imports and Excises... throughout the United States..."

Outstanding Revonlutionary War debt

Which governmental problem faced by the Articles of Confederation was later corrected by a provision in the U.S. Constitution?

creation of a federal Supreme Court

A form of government, which is the exact opposite of democracy , where absolute power is held by one leader?

dictatorship

Common Sense was pamphlet Thomas Paine published to distibute in the colonies to...

influence more people to join the independence movement

This is a principle to American democracy that means that the government can only do what the people have given it the power to do?

limited power

Life, Liberty, and Property of the Pursuit of Happiness (property, according to John Locke) are known as?

natural rights

Which constitutional principle is identified with the concept of the governed?

popular sovereignty

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 established a model for later settlement by providing for the

process for territories to become states

According the Enlightenment thinkers, the fundamental purpose of a government was to

protect people's natural rights

Which excerpt from the Declaration of Independence describes the Enlightenment idea of natural rights?

"... all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with... Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness."

Which phrase became popular after the passage of the Stamp Act?

"No taxation without representation"

Enlightenment philosopher who believed the role of government is to protect peoples' natural rights and people and the government enter into a social contract? He was also a central inspiration to the Declaration of Independence.

John Locke

The principles of government that Thomas Jefferson included in the Declaration of Independence were most influenced by

John Locke's social contract theory

The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America

Lack of Centralized authority within the federal government

Explain why the Boston Massacre is considered a turning point in history?

It was a tragic event that changed many colonists attitudes to support independence for Great Britain

"The Congress shall have Power...To provide for calling forth the Militia to excute the Laws of the Union Suppress Insurrection and repeal Invasions."

Continued British military presence on U.S. soil

Locke's influence on the founding fathers of the United States is most obvious in which document?

Declaration of Independence

Thomas Jefferson used John Locke's ideas of natural rights in which famous U.S. document? The document was based on Enlightenment ideals of limited government and popular sovereignty and established the separation of the colonies from Britain?

Declaration of Independence

Prior to the Enlightenment, what theory did people use to justify the power of kings, which is the idea that monarchies power is given to God?

Divine Right

Passed after the Magna Carta, it listed the rights of the people and England's Parliament, which also limited the king's power even more?

English Bill of Rights

The _________ Acts were passed to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party protest, which essentially led to the American Revolutionary War.

Intolerable

Before the U.S. Constitution was adopter, each state held a ratifying convention to discuss and vote in the Constitution Alexander Hamilton attended the New York state rectification convention. A quote from one of his speeches during the convention is shown. "Here [in the U.S. House of Representatives], sir, the people govern; here they act by their immediate representatives. Which basic principle of government is Hamilton highlighting in this quote?

Popular sovereignty

This is a principle to American democracy that mean the power to govern comes from the people?

Popular sovereignty

Which statement is most accurate concerning the Northwest Ordinance?

Slavery was abolished in the Northwest Territory

The idea that people give up some of their power/rights to the government in exchange for the protection of the laws that the government provides.

Social Contract Theory

Why did the British Parliament create the Stamp Act?

The British government wanted the colonists to pay for the costs of the French and Indian War

"The Congress shall have Power,,, To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States..."

Unsolved disputes between States

A precedent is?

Where a decision of a court in an original case establishes a legal principle that may be applied to future cases