Topic 4: Translation

Referring to question 10, imagine if the coding strand were transcribed and translated instead, determine the mRNA sequence and translate it. How would this error affect the polypeptide bond?

3'-CAACACUAA-5'this would produce the incorrect polypeptide because we have the incorrect codons

An mRNA sequence reads 5'-CGAUGCAGA-3', translate this sequence

3'-GCTACGTCT-5'

A section of the template strand of DNA reads 5'-CAACACTAA-3'; determine the mRNA sequence and translate it

3'-GUUGUGUAUU-5'

If the tRNA anticodon reads 3'-CUU-5' then what does the mRNA codon read that it can bind to? Knowing this, what amino acid will the tRNA be carrying?

5'-GAA-3"; Glu

Anticodon

A sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule, corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA

Referring to question 3, which is the codon that the tRNA bind to?

AUG

tRNA has an ___________ region which is complementary and antiparallel to ___________

Anticodon; mRNA

When does translation stop?

At the stop codon

Stop codon

Codon that signals for a release factor of the polypeptide

tRNA

Each carries a specific amino acid and attach to mRNA through their anticodon, a complementary codon to mRNA

How does transcription and translation differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

In eukaryotes the processes take place in different cellular compartments whereas both processes share space and time in prokaryotes; RNA is processed in the nucleus in eukaryotes and the cytoplasm for prokaryotes

Referring to question 3, which amino acid does this tRNA carry?

Methionine

The very first tRNA will enter at which site on the ribosome (A,P, or E)?

P site

Where does translation occur?

Ribosome

Trace the path of a newly produced polypeptide that would leave the cell?

The polypeptide folds into an active protein and goes on to perform its functions within the cell

Translation

The synthesis of a polypeptide using information from the mRNA

Protein synthesis occurs in two stages __________ and ___________

Transcription and translation

Summarize translation

mRNA codes for specific amino acids which are coded by codons; corresponding anticodons on tRNA carry amino acids attach to mRNA to create a chain of amino acids=protein