Topic 8 - Quality Design & Management

Which of the following can be done to improve your process capability ratio? - Change the specifications - Modify the process - Outsource - All of the above

- Change the specifications - Modify the process - Outsource (all of the above)

Which of the following is the defintion of quality? - Conformance to specifications - What the supplier puts into the process - The act of making a group or individual responsible for certain activities or outcomes - All of the above

- Conformance to specifications (whether or not a product or service lives up to customer expectations)

Which of the following are potential sources of variation in the Ishikawa cause-and-effect diagram? - People - Methods - Machines - Materials - All of the above

- People - Methods - Machines - Materials (all of the above)

Which of the following are potential sources of variation in the Ishikawa cause-and-effect diagram? - People - Methods - Machines - Materials - Measurements - Environment - All of the above

- People - Methods - Machines - Materials - Measurements - Environment (All of the above)

A control chart that measures attributes measures what? - Characteristics that can be controlled - Characteristics that can be measured on a continuum of value like weight and volume - Characteristic that has a discrete value and can be counted - Characteristics that are soft and pliable

Characteristic that has a discrete value and can be counted

Which "Quality of Product" dimension would you be assessing when asking the question, "Does the product conform to design specifications?" - Reliability - Durability - Performance - Conformance - Serviceability

Conformance

In the process capability ratio, the farther off center the process is operating, the more likely it is to produce unacceptable parts. This adjustment is represented by which symbol? - P - µ - k - λ

k

T/F: As a rule of thumb, a Cpk of less than 1.5 indicates that your process can meet your desired quality levels

False — Cpk of higher than 1.5

T/F: In the process capability ratio, six sigma captures almost 88% of the process variability

False — it's 99.74%

The Ishikawa cause-and-effect diagram is also known as the - Pareto diagram - Push back diagram - Fishbone diagram - Ishi's quality diagram

Fishbone diagram

By investing in prevention and appraisal costs, your real goas is what? - Refer to the lowest level of division for a process or a product - Understand and computerize the human thought process - Approved suppliers for doing business - Identify and eliminate the causes of problems before they occur

Identify and eliminate the causes of problems before they occur

Which of the following tools would you use to identify the most-likely cause of a quality problem? - Ishikawa cause-and-effect diagram - Pareto diagram - PDCA analysis - A fishbone diagram

Ishikawa cause-and-effect diagram

Which of the following are potential sources of variation in the Ishikawa cause-and-effect diagram? - Measurements, environment and prices - Prices, and materials and measurements - Materials, measurements and environment - Environment, prices and materials

Materials, measurements and environment

The tool that monitors processes and keeps them production high-quality products is? - Reengineering - Statistical process control - Returns defect analysis - Process capability ratio

Statistical process control

With respect to control chart logic, processes performed include some variation is called? - Confidence - Quality - Variability - Target

Variability

Six Sigma is built on which very critical fact? - It takes time for cash to flow back into the company after it has been spent - Mannerisms are inherent in human acts during the purchasing process - Capacity should be understood and defined for each level in the organization - Variability in a process produces defects, errors, and waste

Variability in a process produces defects, errors, and waste

To achieve quality at the source, you need to focus on which of the following? - Prevention - Personal responsibility - Standardization - All of the above

- Prevention - Personal responsibility - Standardization (all of the above)

Suppose that the design engineering team set the specifications for length of a stamped sheet-metal part at 10 inches (T) with acceptable tolerances of ±.05 inches (USL and LSL). The average length of the products produced by the actual stamping process is 9.995 inches (m) with a standard deviation of .005 inches (s). What is your Cp? - 9.99 - 0.888 - 3.33 - 10.00 - 1.11

3.33

Statistically, six-sigma performance produces fewer than _____ defects per million opportunities for an error for defect. - 3.4 - 6 - 4 - 5.6

3.4

Which "Quality of Product" dimension would you be assessing when asking the question, "Does the product look, sounds, taste, or smell the way it should?" - Aesthetics - Features - Perception - Serviceability - Conformance

Aesthetics

Which of the following helps you make priorities visible by showing the frequency at which each cause occurs? - PDCA - Pareto diagram - Ishikawa cause-and-effect diagram - Fishbone diagram

Pareto diagram

Which "Quality of Product" dimension would you be assessing when asking the question, "Does the product do what you want it to do?" - Durability - Serviceability - Conformance - Performance - Reliability

Performance

What are the four stems to E. Edward Deming's four-step continuous improvement processes? - Check, Repeat, Reassess, Act - Stop, Review, Regroup, Start - Review, Plan, Find, Repeat - Plan, Do, Check, Act

Plan, Do, Check, Act

The total-cost-of quality framework breaks out quality costs into which four categories? - Accreditation costs, routing costs, external failure costs - Internal failure costs, appraisal costs, preventions costs, accreditation costs - Appraisal costs, external failure costs, accreditation costs, aggregate costs - Prevention costs, appraisal costs, Internal failure costs, external failure costs

Prevention costs, appraisal costs, Internal failure costs, external failure costs

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in W. Edward Deming's PDCA cycle? - Procrastinate - Plan - Act - Check - Do

Procrastinate

A control chart that is constructed using a range is called a/an... - R-chart - x̄ chart - p-chart - s-chart

R-chart

With respect to control chart logic, processes that are designed to produce to a specific quality number is called? - Quality - Variability - Confidence - Target

Target

T/F: Quality has more influence on a company's (long-term success) than any other value-added dimensions

True

T/F: The core objective in six sigma is to reduce variation in processes

True

T/F: You need to evaluate services quality a little differently than you evaluate product quality

True

How is the statistical concept of six sigma used? - Consistently meets established quality, cost, delivery, financial and cost objectives - Uses tools to help you identify which type of variation is present in your processes as well as how to address that variation to improve your process - Partners between distribution channel members that changes the traditional replenishment process from distribution-generated purchase orders - Meets adjustments to change or switchover the type of products produced on a manufacturing line

Uses tools to help you identify which type of variation is present in your processes as well as how to address that variation to improve your process

Statistical process control charts measure what? - Quality and variables - Rates and quality - Attributes and rates - Variables and attributes

Variables and attributes

What does a process capability analysis allow you to do? - Help make the decision for which carrier to use for a service route - Meets adjustments to change or switchover the type of products produced on a manufacturing line - Allows you to visualize the status of inventory in the supply chain from some point upstream - Verify that your process is capable of performing at your desired quality level

Verify that your process is capable of performing at your desired quality level

Which quality guru is responsible for the four step—Plan, Do, Check, Act (PDCA)—cycle that is used by almost every global manufacturer today? - Armand V. Feigenbaum - W. Edward Deming - Joseph M. Juran - Shigeo Shingo

W. Edward Deming

Under what circumstances would you use process capability analysis? - You want to improve the performance process - You need to find out what is causing poor quality - You want to verify that the process is capable of consistently producing good outputs - You don't know what you are doing

You want to verify that the process is capable of consistently producing good outputs

A control chart that is constructed using a mean is called a/an... - x̄ chart - s-chart - p-chart - R-chart

x̄ chart