Treatment Planning

What is the dose for Breast PBI external beam? a. 38.5 Gy b. 24 Gy c. 14 Gy d. 144 Gy

a. 38.5 Gy

Which energy is used for a TSET treatment: a. 6 MeV electron b. 12 MeV electron c. 6 MV X-ray d. 18 MV X-ray

a. 6 MeV electron

What energy is used for TSET? a. 6E b. 12E c. 16E d. 20E

a. 6E

A common metric for min PTV dose is: a. 95% of Rx Dose b. 80% of RX Dose c. 100% of RX Dose d. 105% of RX Dose

a. 95% of Rx Dose

KERMA is ____ PDD in the buildup area. a. > b. = c. <

a. >

In most cases, rank the MU needed to treat the same target: (rank from lowest to highest) a. Compensator based IMRT, VMAT, IMRT b. IMRT, VMAT, Compensator based IMRT c. All are equal d. VMAT, IMRT, Compensator based

a. Compensator based IMRT, VMAT, IMRT

The following equation defines what: = (Volume receiving specified dose) (Volume of specified ROI) a. Conformality Index b. Conformation Number c. Homogeniety Index d. Inhomogeniety Index

a. Conformality Index

At what portion does the KERMA curve exceed in value the PDD curve? a. From d = 0cm to d=dmax b. Only at dmax c. From dmax to 30cm d. None of the above

a. From d = 0cm to d=dmax

Which of the following would increase the number of monitor units needed? a. Increase in dose/fraction b. Rx point is moved from d10 to d8. c. Field size is changed for 10cm x 10cm to 20cm x 20cm d. B and C

a. Increase in dose/fraction

When comparing KERMA to TERMA: a. KERMA does not include dose from bremsstrahlung. b. KERMA does include dose from bremsstrahlung. c. TERMA only address electron scatter. d. None of the above.

a. KERMA does not include dose from bremsstrahlung.

If the bolus for a chestwall case is left off for 1 fraction, this would be classified as a: a. Random error b. Systemic error c. Neither d. Both

a. Random error

For a TSET case using a 12 Field Technique (6 superior fields and 6 anterior fields), the CAX of the superior fields are: a. Superior to the orbits b. Aligned to the orbits c. Inferior to the orbits d. Mid thigh

a. Superior to the orbits

What is the y-axis for a differential dose volume histogram? a. % Volume b. # of voxels c. % Dose d. Absolute Dose

b. # of voxels

When treating someone with a pacemaker, which energy should be avoided? a. 6MV X-ray b. 18MV X-ray c. 6 MeV electron d. All should be avoided

b. 18MV X-ray

Pre-operative dose for some gyn cancers are typically taken to what dose levels: a. 30 Gy b. 45 Gy c. 60 Gy d. 78 Gy

b. 45 Gy

The following equation defines what: = (Specified ROI Volume at Dose)2 (vol ROI * Total Irradiated Volume-at-dose) a. Conformality Index b. Conformation Number c. Homogeniety Index d. Inhomogeniety Index

b. Conformation Number

The purpose of the spoiler in a pediatric TBI case is: a. Increase dose to the skin b. Increase dose to the bones that are superficial c. Decrease dose to the skin d. Decrease dose to the bones that are superficial

b. Increase dose to the bones that are superficial

Is the Clarkson algorithm acceptable for SBRT plans? a. Yes b. No

b. No

SBRT protocols dictate what algorithms should be used for dose calculation. Which of the following would be acceptable? a. Pencil Beam b. Superposition c. Sievert integral d. None of the above.

b. Superposition

Intrafraction is defined as: a. The time period between fractions b. The time period during the daily treatment c. The time period from Sunday's treatment to Monday's treatment d. The time interval between primary treatment and recurrence

b. The time period during the daily treatment

KERMA ________ bremsstrahlung. a. Includes b. excludes

b. excludes

Which energy is used for Total Body Irradiation: a. 6 MeV electron b. 12 MeV electron c. 6 MV X-ray d. 18 MV X-ray

c. 6 MV X-ray

KERMA is ____ PDD in descending portion. a. > b. = c. <

c. <

KERMA is ____ than TERMA. a. > b. = c. < d. non of the above

c. <

With electron beam IORT, lucite cones are used for treatment to: a. Collimate the electron beam b. Reduce the amount of bremsstrahlung dose c. A and B d. Neither A or B

c. A and B

With an electron arc field, the position of isocenter is: a. There is no isocenter with electron fields b. The depth of maximum dose c. A depth that would be equal for all angles d. 10 cm

c. A depth that would be equal for all angles

TSET uses low energy electrons for treatment for the following reason(s)? a. The target is shallow (0cm - 1cm depth) b. Minimize the bremstrhalung dose c. Both A and B d. Neither

c. Both A and B

Which of the following would increase the therapeautic ratio? a. Increase in dose to target b. Decrease in dose to organs at risk c. Both A and B d. None of the above

c. Both A and B

The following equation defines what: = (Specified ROI D01% - D99%) (Prescription Dose) a. Conformality Index b. Conformation Number c. Homogeniety Index d. Inhomogeniety Index

c. Homogeniety Index

For a TBI case, it common to shield the: a. Nails b. Eyes c. Lungs d. Gonads

c. Lungs

Cranial Spinal technique is used to treat what disease? a. Melanoma b. Meningioma c. Medulloblastoma d. Acoustic Neuroma

c. Medulloblastoma

In convolution, the dose equation is: a. TERMA * KERMA * Dose Kernel b. KERMA * Dose Kernel c. TERMA convolved with Dose Kernel d. TERMA convolved with Monte Carlo

c. TERMA convolved with Dose Kernel

Conformality Index of 1.2 implies: a. The target is not covered. b. The target is covered perfectly. c. The target is covered and there is some extra Rx dose outside of the target. d. None of the above.

c. The target is covered and there is some extra Rx dose outside of the target.

What would be the guidelines for energy choice with SBRT. a. Mainly 6X b. Mainly 10X c. No more than 3 high energy beams d. A and C

d. A and C

IORT can be performed using: a. Orthovoltage unit b. Linac electron beam c. Electronic brachytherapy d. All of the above

d. All of the above

What are options to reduce hot-spots of overlapping or matching fields? a. Use customized bolus b. Use match shifts over course of treatment c. Angle the beams slightly away from each other d. All of the above

d. All of the above

What are techniques to decrease dose to the small bowel? a. Using a belly board b. Using sparing contours during optimization c. Avoiding some beam angles entering through the bowel d. All of the above

d. All of the above

When comparing a VMAT plan to an IMRT plan: a. VMAT will have more dose heterogeneity in target b. VMAT will be more conformal c. VMAT will have less streaking d. All of the above

d. All of the above

When modeling a TPS, what is the required input data? a. PDD b. Profiles c. Output factors d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following reduces motion in treatment of the lung? a. Shallow breathing b. Compression plate c. Compressional belt d. All of the above

d. All of the above

What energy is used for IORT? a. 6E b. 9E c. 12E d. All of the above can be used

d. All of the above can be used

What energy is used for total body irradiation? a. Co-60 b. 6 MV X-ray c. 18 MV X-ray d. Both a and b

d. Both a and b

A Pb shield for an electron arc case should be how thick: a. E/4 in mm b. E/3 in mm c. E/2 in mm d. E/2 + 1 in mm

d. E/2 + 1 in mm

The following equation defines what: = (Max ROI dose - min ROI dose) (mean ROI dose) a. Conformality Index b. Conformation Number c. Homogeniety Index d. Inhomogeniety Index

d. Inhomogeniety Index

The following are characteristics of an electron IORT isodose distribution: a. The depth of 90% dose is greater b. If using a beveled cone, the penumbra is less on the short side of cone c. A and B d. Neither A or B

d. Neither A or B

What responsibility does a dosimetrist have for patient family members asking questions about their loved one's prognosis. a. Answer any questions asked b. Refer them to the therapist c. Refer them to the tumor registry d. Refer them to the radiation oncologist

d. Refer them to the radiation oncologist

A conformity index is used to evaluate what? a. The conformity around the GTV b. The conformity around the CTV c. The conformity around the ITV d. The conformity around the PTV

d. The conformity around the PTV

The conventional prescription point for a TBI patient is: a. Mediastinum dmax depth b. Mediastinum mid-depth c. Umbilicus dmax depth d. Umbilicus mid-depth

d. Umbilicus mid-depth

When evaluating parallel structures, what metric is evaluated? a. Max Dose b. Modal Dose c. Median Dose d. Volume of Dose

d. Volume of Dose Max Dose....serial structures

Electron dose calculation algorithms include: a. 2D Pencil Beam b. 3D Pencil Beam c. Phase Space d. Monte Carlo e. All of the above

e. All of the above

When treating the left breast, what techniques would reduce the heart dose? a. Prone Set Up b. Reduce lung bite from 2cm to 1.5cm c. Adjust gantry and collimator angle to minimize d. Use MLC to reduce heart dose e. All of the above

e. All of the above

Photon dose calculation algorithms include: a. Convolution b. Superposition c. Collapsed cone d. AAA and Acuros e. Monte Carlo f. All of the above

f. All of the above