Types of Muscle Tissue

Skeletal muscle, sometimes called voluntary or striated muscle (striated means striped in appearance),

can perform skeletal movement because it is attached to the bones of the body. Skeletal muscle is responsible for voluntary movements, meaning that it is under conscious control. Skeletal muscle is made up of cylindrical fibers. The nucleus tends to be toward the edge of each striated cell. Because all skeletal cells are striated, the skeletal muscle itself tends to have an overall striped look.

Another way of acquiring ATP is breaking down creatine phosphate,

which is also done without the use of oxygen. This means of ATP production is limited to skeletal muscles and, as with other anerobic ATP production, provides small bursts of energy.

Muscles use energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is a type of chemical energy created within the body's cells. This type of energy is needed for sustained or repeated muscular contractions.

ATP can be produced by either aerobic (with oxygen) or anaerobic (without oxygen) means:

Cardiac muscle is found in the heart. The cells of this specific muscle tissue have a single central nucleus and are roughly quadrangular in shape. The cells form a network of branching fibers. Cardiac muscle cells are both striated and involuntary. Cardiac muscle tissues are supplied with nerve fibers that carry messages to and from the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Each involuntary contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscle results in a heartbeat, which, as discussed earlier, is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients. The average resting human heart beats 60 to 80 times a minute.

Cardiac muscle tissues are supplied with nerve fibers that carry messages to and from the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Each involuntary contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscle results in a heartbeat, which, as discussed earlier, is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients. The average resting human heart beats 60 to 80 times a minute.

Smooth muscle, or involuntary muscle, is composed of elongated, spindle-shaped cells. Muscles made from these types of cells are also called visceral muscles because they are found in the body's viscera (organs), including organs found in the respiratory tract, urinary system, and digestive system, as well as in the walls of the blood vessels.

In contrast to skeletal muscle cells, smooth muscle cells are not striated and their nucleus is centrally located. Smooth muscle is called involuntary muscle because it is not voluntarily controlled, meaning it is not controlled by conscious thought. For example, you do not have to purposely engage the muscles of your digestive system to perform the act of digestion; your body's muscles perform this action voluntarily, or on their own.

Aerobic production of ATP—

In the presence of oxygen, the body can use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to make energy (ATP) that is used by the muscles. When the body uses ATP that is produced aerobically, more energy is available to use. This is the type of energy required for endurance.

Types of Muscle Tissue

Muscles are composed of about 75 percent water, 20 percent protein, and about 5 percent carbohydrates, lipids, inorganic salts, and nonprotein nitrogenous compounds. The exact composition of various muscles differs.

Oxygen Debt and Muscle Fatigue

Oxygen debt may occur when the skeletal muscles are used vigorously for more than one or two minutes, as with exercise. If your body is working hard, it may not be able to take in and absorb enough oxygen to cope with the level of activity. When oxygen is lacking, the body is unable to produce energy through aerobic means and, as a consequence, the anaerobic method of creating energy is activated.

Three types of muscle cells form three distinct types of muscle tissue. Each type is designed to perform specific functions of the body. The three types of muscle tissue are skeletal, smooth, and cardiac

Skeletal muscle, sometimes called voluntary or striated, Smooth muscle, or involuntary muscle, Cardiac muscle is found in the heart.

Anaerobic production of ATP—

The body uses stored glucose, known as glycogen, to make ATP without oxygen. The glycogen, which is the usable form of carbohydrate in the body, breaks down into ATP and lactic acid simultaneously. Generally, this form of energy production is useful for small bursts of energy rather than for endurance.