Unit 03- Boot and Shutdown

Which directory contains the configuration file for GRUB 2?

/boot/grub2/

If a systemd system is configured to use multi-user.target as the default boot target, which file has a symbolic link, or symlink, to the multi-user.target file?

/etc/systemd/system/default.target

You need to shut down the system immediately and send a message to logged in users to allow running processes to close gracefully. Which command would you use?

shutdown -h now

You have just finished installing an updated kernel on your email server that has been patched to solve a security vulnerability and wish to reboot as soon as possible. This is a busy time of day, and you do not want the server down any longer than necessary. Which option prevents fsck from running after the reboot and allows the system to boot faster?

shutdown -f

You have informed users that you need to bring the machine down at the end of the day to perform routine maintenance. However, prior to shutting the system down, you want to send a message to users to give them fifteen minutes to save data and exit the system. Which of the following commands should you use?

shutdown -h +15 It is time for a shutdown!

After updating the settings in the /etc/default/grub file, you need make sure the changes are written to the grub.cfg file to take effect. What would you enter at the command prompt to write the changes to the grub.cfg file? (typed)

grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

You are experiencing a problem with a network server. You want to bring the system down and try reseating the cards within it before restarting it. Which command runs poweroff.target to shut down the system in an orderly manner? (typed)

systemctl isolate poweroff.target

You have a systemd system, and you need to perform some maintenance tasks. You need to prevent users from logging on while you do so. Which command should you run?

systemctl isolate rescue.target

You need to perform some system maintenance on a systemd system, and want to prevent users from logging on while you do so. Which command should you run?

systemctl isolate rescue.target

What is the correct order for the boot phases of a Linux computer? 1st 2nd 3rd 4th

-BIOS -Boot Loader -OS Kernel -Init

Which file includes a list of users who are able to shut down the system?

/etc/shutdown.allow

What is the full path and filename of the GRUB 2 file that is used for editing the default behavior of the boot loader menu? (typed)

/etc/default/grub

You have GRUB 2 installed on your workstation. You need to make changes to the boot menu. Which files and scripts can you edit to modify the menu entries and behavior of the boot menu? (Select two.)

/etc/grub.d/40_custom /etc/default/grub

Drag the GRUB 2 file or directory on the left to the correct description on the right. 1) The GRUB2 configuration file (non-editable) 2) The GRUB2 directory for script files 3) The GRUB2 configuration file (editable) 4) The script that identifies kernels on the root device and creates menu entries 5) The script file that allows menu entries to be modified

1) /boot/grub2/grub.cfg 2) /etc/grub.d/ 3) /etc/default/grub 4) 10_linux 5) 40_custom

Your system is currently running the multi-user.target. You want to enable the bluetooth.service to run when the graphical.target is loaded. There are two commands you must enter from a command prompt to accomplish this task. Drag the commands on the left to the appropriate step number on the right. (Tip: Not all commands on the left will be used.) -Step 1 -Step 2

1) systemctl isolate graphical.target 2) systemctl enable bluetooth.service

Which system component verifies the hardware and passes control of the computer to the boot loader?

BIOS

You have compiled a new kernel using rpm. When you reboot, the new kernel is not the default selection on the boot menu. You use the GRUB 2 boot loader. What might you need to do to fix the problem?

Edit the /etc/default/grub file directly to indicate the new kernel should be the default.

You have a dual-boot system with a Linux and Windows operating systems. You need to configure the GRUB 2 boot loader to display the menu for 12 seconds before it automatically boots the default operating system. What should you do as the first step to configure the boot loader?

Edit the timeout parameter in the /etc/default/grub file to say GRUB_TIMEOUT=12.

You are editing the /etc/default/grub file. Which option should you use to set the default operating system?

GRUB DEFAULT

In which boot process stage is the root partition mounted?

OS Kernel

Which component is responsible for loading and executing the initial process?

OS Kernel

You have a systemd Linux system that is configured to boot into the graphical.target by default. The system seems to be running much slower than normal. You need to reboot the system, but you want it to boot into a single-user target unit with no network access so you can perform troubleshooting tasks and get the system running normally again. What should you do before you reboot?

Set the default boot target to rescue.target

Which of the following has a process ID (PID) of 1?

The initial process

You have a system with more than one Linux operating system installed. During the system's bootup process, which component loads a splash screen, thus allowing you to choose which operating system you want to run?

The secondary boot loader

You are working on a Linux distribution that uses systemd. Which non-symlink file in the /usr/lib/systemd /system/ directory is used to start the services necessary for multiple users, networking, and for a graphical display?

graphical.target

Which of the following commands will help you to determine which version of GRUB is installed on your Linux system? (two)

grub-install -v grub2-install --version

You are experiencing a problem with a network server. You want to bring the system down and try reseating the cards within it before restarting it. This is a SysV init system. Which command completely shuts down the system an orderly manner?

init 0

You are working on a Linux distribution that uses systemd. Which file in the /usr/lib/systemd/system/ directory is used to start the services that support multiple users, networking, and is text-based?

multi-user.target

You are working on a systemd-based Linux distribution. Which command can you use to manage the services and targets?

systemctl

You are experiencing a problem with one particular server. Each time it boots, it goes into single user mode even though no warnings or errors are reported. You want to verify that it is configured to boot to the multi-user.target unit, just as all your other servers are. This system is running systemd. Which command would you use to see which boot target is set as the default?

systemctl get-default

Your system is currently running the multi-user.target. What would you enter at the command prompt to find out if the atd.service is configured to start every time the multi-user.target is loaded? (typed)

systemctl is-enabled adt.service

You are on a systemd system and you want to change from the currently running target unit, without rebooting the system, to a target that supports networking, multiple users, and displays a graphical interface. What command should you enter? (typed)

systemctl isolate graphical.target

After making changes to the configuration of the anaconda.service, you must make those changes take effect. Which single command do you enter to make this service use the new configuration? (Note: There is no reload option with this service.) (typed)

systemctl restart anaconda.service

The current default boot target is multi-user.target, but you want to use this system as a desktop workstation. You need a boot target that supports multiple users, networking, and has a graphical display. This is a systemd system. What command should you enter to change the default boot target to one that meets these needs? (typed)

systemctl set-default graphical.target

After getting calls about users not being able to print, you check the status of the cups.service and find that it is not running. What would you enter at the command prompt to get the cups.service running? (typed)

systemctl start cups.service

What would you enter at the command prompt to find out if the cups.service is running? (typed)

systemctl status cups.service

What is the core process for a systemd-based Linux system? (typed)

systemd

Which daemon is responsible for bringing up other units and services when boot targets are changed?

systemd