Unit 1-25 (Drivers Ed)

Braking time

How long it takes for the vehicle to come to a stop once the brakes have been applied

Long-term consequences of cocaine

Damaged heart function, from irregular heartbeat to heart attack Damaged respiratory system with possible lung failure Deadly stroke and seizures Coughing up blood Destruction of cartilage separating the left and right nasal passages

To decrease the effects of high altitudes

Drink two to three times more fluid than usual (water and juices are best). Avoid alcohol and minimize the amount of caffeine you consume. Decrease your salt intake. Take frequent small meal breaks, favoring foods that are high in carbohydrates, low in fat, and low in protein.

Maximum time you should look away from the roadway

Half a second at a time If a task requires more time, continue to switch your attention between the task and your path of travel until the task is finished.

How Ice affects the road

Ice on the road makes it even more slippery than when it's wet, greatly reducing traction and increasing stopping distance. As snow and ice melt, they leave a less-uniform mixture of ice, water, dirt, and oils from motor vehicles

what to do once you entered a new roadway after making a left turn

change lanes out of the left lane as soon as possible In general, the left lane should be kept clear of traffic except when turning or passing other vehicles.However, you should remain in the left lane if you are planning to make another left turn from the road you have just entered.

what to do whenever you see a detour sign

change lanes so you can keep traffic moving smoothly and help others merge into the new traffic rout

What to do when driving in winter

Slow down and increase your following distance whenever you are driving on roads covered in rain, snow, or ice. Go slowly and test your brakes when you start driving to gauge how much traction your car is getting.

In which of the following situations is passing on the right generally allowed? A. When you are within 100 ft of a bridge or tunnel B. When the vehicle ahead of you on a two-way road is turning left C. When you are passing a large truck or trailer

When the vehicle ahead of you on a two-way road is turning left

Warning signs that you are too tired to drive safely

You have trouble keeping your eyes open You have difficulty maintaining a constant speed You're having a hard time remaining upright and keeping your head up Your vehicle keeps driving over rumble strips or raised lane dividers Your thoughts are disconnected or you're unable to remember the last few minutes

intersection

common area at the junction of two roads or highways. (Because large numbers of vehicles meet and interact at intersections, they are among the most dangerous areas of the HTS.The common area of an intersection needs to be shared legally and safely. Always remember that right-of-way rules apply to all traffic, including motorcycles and bicycles.)

Ice forms more quickly on __________. A. bridges and overpasses B. bridges and overpasses, and in shadows C. freeways than on country roads

bridges and overpasses, and in shadows

What prompted the Rules of the Road

by 1903 traffic in major cities such as New York had gotten so bad that traffic fatalities had already become daily occurrences

how to get rid of the heat in your engine

by stopping in a safe place, shifting to neutral, depressing the accelerator pedal to rev the engine slightly, turning off the air conditioning, and setting the heater as high as possible

Phencyclidine, or PCP (dissociatives)

causes anxiety, delusions, hallucinations, and feelings of detachment. It also causes feelings of strength, power, and invulnerability. It is addictive and can cause violent behavior, vomiting, constipation, seizures, and coma.

isopropyl alcohol

commonly encountered as rubbing alcohol. Its main uses are as a disinfectant and as a solvent for cleaning electronic devices.Isopropyl alcohol is less toxic than methanol, but a 12-ounce can of it would contain more than enough to kill an adult.

Snow tires

composed of a different type of rubber that performs best in cold temperatures, providing better handling and braking ability. In addition, snow tires typically use a tread pattern that cuts through snow, ice, and water more efficiently, increasing traction and reducing the risk of skids.

Blind curves

conceal most of the road ahead from drivers.

Over-the-counter drugs that impair ability to drive

decongestants, antihistamines, cough syrups, pain relievers, acid reducers, sleeping aids, and even mouthwashes. Some medicines even include enough alcohol to raise your BAC above the legal limit for minors!

Purpose of a headrest

decrease the chance of a neck injury in a collision, not to let you recline as you drive. The safest position for your headrest is at ear level.

Kinetic Energy

energy an object possesses because of its motion

National Highway Safety Act

establishes general guidelines for state regulations concerning licensing, vehicle registration and inspection, and traffic laws

Rule of thumb when dealing with drugs

every drug can be dangerous. Every substance, no matter how beneficial it can be at low doses, becomes a poison at high doses.

Exception to illegally of transporting anyone under 16 in the bed of a pickup truck

except during a parade or when traveling from one area of a farm to another.

Even with a 0.00% BAC, you may be arrested and charged with DUI or DWI if you __________. A. fail to signal before a turn B. had any alcohol to drink earlier in the day C. exhibit signs of impairment

exhibit signs of impairment

Characteristics of construction vehicles

generally large, loud, and slow. The drivers of construction vehicles may have difficulty maneuvering and their vehicles will have significant blind spots. Drivers of these vehicles may not hear other traffic due to the noise produced by their vehicle.

narcotics (in crimes and law enforcement)

generally means "controlled substances." These include heroin, cocaine, marijuana, LSD, and methamphetamine.

Why U-turns are preferable to three point turn

generally preferable to three-point turns because they can be completed in a single movement without stopping

narcotics (in general)

generally used to describe all drugs that relieve pain, dull the senses, and induce sleep. This includes opioids, barbiturates, and pain relievers.

. A road with a positive cross slope is highest __________. A. near the edges of the road B. in the center of the road C. in the center of each lane

in the center of the road

Driving Restrictions

include A (requiring the driver to wear corrective lenses), C (requiring the driver not to drive at night), and T (requiring the driver to use a car with an automatic transmission).

penalties for possession of cocaine

include a mandatory five-year minimum prison sentence for the possession of 28 grams of crack cocaine. In addition, there is a mandatory five-year minimum prison sentence for the possession of 500 grams of powder cocaine. Possession of greater amounts carries larger mandatory minimum prison sentences.

Side effects of hallucinogens

include anxiety, panic, loss of coordination, nausea, increased body temperature, delusions, and hallucinations

Short-term effects of cocaine

include increased alertness, body temperature, heart rate, and talkativeness. They may also advance to twitching, tremors, irritability, panic, seizure, stroke, heart attack, coma, and death.

Harmful effects of pain relievers

include oversensitivity to light, increased risk of heart attack and stroke, liver damage, thinning of the blood, and deterioration of the stomach lining

Devices on steering column

include the steering wheel, horn, ignition switch, wiper lever, and multifunction lever

What expressway entrances include

include three areas: the entrance ramp (1), the acceleration lane (2), and the merge area (3).

examples of hallucinogens

includes marijuana, psilocybe, LSD, mescaline, and PCP

what Orange cones, tubes, and drums marked with white stripes is used to indicate

indicate areas of the road where driving is forbidden

trucks marked with diamond-shaped placards like the ones depicted

indicate that a truck is carrying a dangerous load and they show the nature of the hazardous material being transported All vehicles displaying these placards must stop before crossing railroad tracks. Make sure you leave plenty of space around a truck marked with hazardous material placards.

Blue roadside service signs (guide signs)

indicate when the driver is approaching a rest or service area.

How US Routes are indicated

indicated with either a white shield-shaped sign or a white shield symbol on a square black background.

blue curb

indicates that the space may be used only for handicapped parking.

Fuel Gauge (instrument panel)

indicates the amount of fuel in the gas tank. Your fuel tank should always be at least 25% full. Keep in mind that the fuel gauge is only activated when the engine is running.

Temperature Gauge (instrument panel)

indicates the engine temperature. When the engine overheats, the indicator will enter the Hot (H) zone and a warning light will activate. Never drive with an overheated engine.

Regulatory signs

inform drivers of traffic rules that they must follow wherever the sign is posted. while most regulatory signs are vertical rectangles colored black and white, STOP and YIELD signs have unique designs. This is so that it will take the driver even less time to recognize these signs

Turn signal lights

inform other drivers of your intentions so they can avoid striking you. Always activate the proper turn signal before turning, changing lanes, or passing.

If a person under the age of 18 becomes intoxicated as a result of consuming this alcohol, those who furnished the alcohol will be held responsible if the minor is: (Civil Liability)

injured or dies as a result of alcohol poisoning involved in a fight, a fall, or a sexual assault responsible for damaging another person's property involved in a traffic collision resulting in an injury Adults are held responsible even if the minor involved is their child.

Implied Consent Law

law enforcement officer may ask the operator of a motor vehicle to submit to a blood, breath, or urine test to verify their BAC when they are suspected of driving while intoxicated. You may refuse to submit to such a test, but there will be serious legal consequences.According to Texas's Implied Consent Law, signing an application for a drivers license signifies that the applicant agrees to submit to these tests. Drivers who refuse testing will have their drivers license automatically suspended for no less than 180 days.

How much space you should leave when you stop if there is a car ahead of you

leave at least half a car length in front of your car when you stop. You should be far enough from the car ahead that you can see the bottom of its rear tires touching the ground.

Electronic Stability Programs (ESP) minimize the chance of oversteering and understeering by comparing a driver's steering motions with where the car is actually going

minimize the chance of oversteering and understeering by comparing a driver's steering motions with where the car is actually going

Zero Tolerance laws for those under 21 in workforce

minors may legally be in possession of alcohol if it is in the scope of their job to handle alcohol (e.g. a waiter or grocery clerk). Minors are not, however, permitted to consume alcohol at their place of employment.

Velocitation

occurs because the experience of driving on an open roadway for an extended period can harm a driver's ability to judge his or her own speed.When this occurs, you may begin to drive too fast without realizing it

Gridlock

occurs when vehicles get stuck in the middle of an intersection because the roadway on the other side is already completely occupied. Don't enter an intersection unless there is enough space on the other side for you to clear it completely. If you're caught in an intersection, you may obstruct the passage of vehicles and pedestrians attempting to enter the intersection from another direction.

Closed Operating Space

one in which the driver's line of sight or path of travel is impeded. Road conditions in a closed operating space require that an alternative path of travel be identified.

Impact Texas Teen Drivers (ITTD)

online course after completing drivers ed and before applying for a provisional license.

Lock (ignition switch)

only position that lets you insert or remove your key. The transmission must be in park to set the ignition to the lock position. The steering wheel will be locked and most electrical systems will be deactivated.

Centrifugal force (which means center-fleeing force)

pushes an object away from a center of a curve; increases with acceleration.

total costs of alcohol and drug abuse

reached nearly half a trillion dollars a year by 2010! That averages to a cost of nearly $1500 for every man, woman, and child living in the United States.

What acceleration does to the center of gravity

shifts the center of vehicle gravity to the rear of the vehicle, causing the front to lift, and reducing front wheel traction.

what to do if service brakes fail

use your parking brake to bring your car to a stop.

When entering an expressway (who should yield)

yield to traffic already on it, as slower traffic should yield to faster traffic. You can avoid conflicts by paying attention to traffic on the road and planning ahead.

What to do when entering an expressway

yield to vehicles already on it. Activate your turn signal to indicate your intention to merge This traffic will be moving more rapidly than you. When there is a clear space, speed up to enter the expressway and merge with traffic.

If you do not yield to a blind or handicapped pedestrian

you are guilty of a misdemeanor.

Drugs needed to be in use for a DWI

you can be convicted of DWI if you're impaired by any drug.

Acc (accessories) position (ignition switch)

you can use most electrical accessories, such as your radio and lights

If you insist on taking the right-of-way

you gamble with your life, as well as the lives of your passengers, other drivers, and pedestrians.

what to do When you see a steady green down arrow displayed over a lane

you may drive in the lane.

what happens If you enter your car anxious

you may hesitate to act or be excessively cautious, confusing and frustrating other drivers.

Rule on driving with passengers

you may not drive with more than one passenger under 21 who is not a family member until you turn 18 or have held your provisional Texas drivers license for at least 12 months without a violation, whichever comes first.

what happens if you enter a car bubbling with enthusiasm

you may not drive with the necessary amount of caution and may see your actions as less risky than they are.

what happens If you enter your car angry

you may respond more aggressively when you encounter frustrating behaviors or conditions on the road.

when to activate your headlights

you must activate your headlights any time between half an hour after sunset and half an hour before sunrise. You must also activate your headlights whenever you're unable to see people or vehicles clearly from 1,000 ft. Use your high-beams when the road is dark enough and the air is clear, but not within 500 ft of an oncoming vehicle or 300 ft of a vehicle you're driving behind.

What to do if anyone is hurt in a collusion

you must call the police or Texas Highway Patrol. If the person needs medical care, call an ambulance or arrange transportation to a hospital immediately.

If you need to drive slower than the rate of traffic,

you must drive in the right-hand lane or as close to the right curb as possible (unless you are Passing another vehicle; Preparing to turn left at an intersection or into a private road or driveway)

what to do When a horizontal green or yellow arrow is flashing over a lane

you must exit the lane in the direction indicated.

how to use hand-over-hand steering

you must move your hand (and the steering wheel) more quickly as you begin the maneuver and more slowly when returning the wheel back to the standard position. In tight situations, you may have to repeat the maneuver several times to complete a turn.

what to do When you see a steady red "X" over a lane

you must not drive in the lane. If you are driving in a lane under a red "X", you must exit the lane as quickly and as safely as you possibly can.

What to do Whenever you see a sign colored red and white

you must prepare to stop.

When you have completed your drivers education program and the first phase of the GDL program

you must return to the drivers license office to apply for your provisional Class C license

what to do Whenever you see a sign that is yellow or diamond-shaped or both

you should adjust your driving for the condition depicted on the sign.

what to do if you are involved in a collusion

you should attempt to provide medical aid to anyone who is seriously injured if it is safe and you are competent to do so. Even basic medical care provided in the first few minutes after an injury can mean the different of life and death for someone.

How to make a two-point turn if the driveway is on your left

you should enter a driveway on the left by driving forward and exit it by backing up.

what to do If traffic is approaching on your left and there is a child riding a bike to your right

you should give the child extra room because he or she is more likely to move suddenly, even though it requires you to move closer to oncoming traffic.

oversteering

the front of the car turns farther than the driver intended

understeering

the front of the car turns less far than the driver intended

Advantages truck drivers have over cars

the greater height of the driver's seat in a commercial truck gives them an excellent view of the road ahead

If you can't see past your low-beams (Low-beams should illuminate the road surface 100 to 150 ft ahead, and above the road 300 to 500 ft ahead.)

the highest safe speed is 40 to 45 mph. (Low-beams should illuminate the road surface 100 to 150 ft ahead, and above the road 300 to 500 ft ahead.)

If you can't see past your high-beams (High-beams should illuminate the road surface 300 to 350 ft ahead, and above the road 500 to 1,800 ft ahead)

the highest safe speed is 55 to 60 mph. (High-beams should illuminate the road surface 300 to 350 ft ahead, and above the road 500 to 1,800 ft ahead)

Rule on cell phones while driving

until you turn 18, you're legally prohibited from using any wireless device such as a cell phone while driving. Additionally, it's illegal for any driver to use a handheld device when driving in a school zone whenever reduced speed limits are in effect.If a law enforcement officer sees you talking on a cell phone while driving, he or she may pull you over. If you cause a collision because you were talking on your cell phone, you will face more severe legal penalties.

Threshold braking

transfers weight to the front of the car, increasing traction. To stop more quickly and turn more accurately, apply as much pressure to the brakes as you can without causing them to lock up. However, you must ease up on the brakes after applying maximum pressure to prevent your wheels from locking.

Tires

transmit engine power to the road. The tire/road connection determines a car's ability to accelerate, brake, and turn. Proper alignment, pressure, and tread are necessary for safe driving.

Impacts of Chronic Alcohol Abuse on Lung

Alcohol damages your lungs and their ability to maintain themselves. The lungs of a chronic alcohol user are more susceptible to such dangerous conditions as pneumonia, collapsed lung, and acute respiratory distress disorder.

Vehicle Operating Space

Area around your car

What to do before passing

Check your mirrors and turn your head to check your blind spots before passing to make sure you can pass without interfering with another vehicle approaching from behind.

What smell of gasoline vapors when you can't get your car started can mean

Engine is being flooded

Tailgating

Following too closely

Texan motto

Friendship

Process of alcohol going through your body

It is absorbed by the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream. It is metabolized by enzymes in the liver, but since the liver can only metabolize a small amount of alcohol at a time, the excess alcohol circulates throughout the body.

Every driver is required to have the following minimum amounts of coverage:

$30,000 for the injury or death of a single person $60,000 for a single collision that causes the injury or death of more than one person $25,000 for property damages

What to do when you can see a wrong way sign

(you are driving in the wrong direction so) must stop and turn around as quickly as you can do so safely.

Most collisions caused by 16-year-old drivers tend to involve __________ . A. a temporary physical impairment B. a willfully dangerous action C. an improper visual search

an improper visual search

generally a person controlling traffic can be identified by

an orange vest with yellow-green stripes

one drink

any beverage containing 14 grams of pure alcohol (about 0.6 fluid ounces or 1.2 tablespoons)

Drug

any chemical administered to a person as a medicinal treatment

Aggressive Driving

any continuous sequence of dangerous driving acts that may endanger people or property, as well as any single intentional violation that requires a defensive reaction on the part of another driver Aggressive drivers are often in a hurry to get somewhere and willing to intentionally disregard traffic control devices, the rules of the road, and the safety of other roadway users, in the process. Their behavior endangers everyone on the road.

Drugs that make you an unsafe driver

any drug can make you an unsafe driver.

drug

any substance that affects your body's normal functions after being absorbed into your system Many drugs are used to improve a person's health (these include prescription and over-the-counter drugs), and some are relatively harmless in moderate doses (such as caffeine). However, a number of drugs, mostly illicit, are dangerous and can cause permanent harm to a person's mind and body. And even legal drugs can be dangerous when consumed improperly or to excess.

Immediate Range

area 4 to 6 seconds ahead of you

Secondary Range

area about 12 to 15 seconds ahead of you

Changing Operating Space

area where the situation is worsening. This generally describes places where a formerly open line of sight or path of travel is becoming closed.

Vehicle Operating Space

area where you are driving

Stimulants

artificially elevate a person's mood, increase his or her energy and alertness, and foster feelings of well-being

Many addicts who try to stop drinking or quit using drugs will: A. be able to only briefly B. simply shift to weaker drugs C. succeed if they really want to quit

be able to only briefly

Decreasing Radius Curves

become tighter as the driver proceeds through the curve

How to be prepared for other drivers' mistakes

by maintaining a considerate and courteous attitude on the road

Salvia Divinorum

can cause hallucinatory experiences. These drugs are all prohibited in the state of Texas

Nicotine

chief mind-affecting substance in tobacco leaves.

Three types of driver distraction

cognitive, manual and visual distractions

(Magic) mushrooms

come from the genus Psilocybe. Their effects are also similar to those of LSD, with possibly increased risks of abnormal or dangerous behavior

Color of Warning Signs

exclusively colored yellow with black text or symbols. Most warning signs have a diamond shape

Brown recreation signs (Guide signs)

guide motorists to recreation facilities and amenities.

Long-term use of heroin

lead to kidney disease and dysfunction, liver disease, infections in the lungs, and chronic constipation.

"on the nod" (heroin)

mental state that is both wakeful and drowsy.

Rule of thumb To deal with the need to multitask while driving

never give any task more time and attention than needed

Left shoulder

not intended to be used by drivers in normal circumstances (shoulder)

Open Operating Space

one in which your driving is relatively unimpeded across large distances

Safety Responsibility Act

passed to make sure that all Texas drivers are capable of providing compensation in the event that they injure or kill a person or damage property in a motor vehicle collision.

A failure to steer a car correctly is classified as a __________ . A. decision error B. performance error C. recognition error

performance error

Cone cells

photoreceptors that are sensitive to color and fine detail

Ketamine

prescription medicine also used recreationally, has effects similar to those of PCP. It is less potent and its effects wear off more quickly.

First priority as a driver

reducing the risk of injury and death—both to yourself and to others

Types of drugs

stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens

Types of hallucinogenic drugs

synthetics such as phencyclidine (PCP) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and organics like mescaline and peyote

Daytime running lights

to make sure that a driver can see, and be seen, at all hours of the day

another name for stimulants

uppers

what blue pentagons with yellow text is used to mark

used to mark county routes

what Flashing yellow lights are used to do

warn drivers to proceed cautiously through a pedestrian crossing or school or construction zone.

Why you should use the signal lights

Make a turn Change lanes Enter or leave a parking space Slow down or stop

Edge bicyclist must drive on

Right edge

One way sign (shape)

a long horizontal rectangle with an arrow at the end pointing in the direction of the flow of traffic.

How gender affects BAC

Gender also influences BAC. Women's bodies tend to contain proportionally less water than men's bodies, causing their BAC to increase more than men's after consuming the same amount of alcohol.

what to do on the highway If another driver is trying to merge into your lane, move into another lane to give him or her more space

If another driver is trying to merge into your lane, move into another lane to give him or her more space, if possible.

what to do on the highway If another vehicle is following closely behind you, move to your right

If another vehicle is following closely behind you, move to your right, into a slower lane.

why you should tap the horn

Tap the horn to warn other roadway users of your approach or to draw their attention to a situation on the road, an upcoming hazard, or a potential collision with your vehicle or another obstacle.

Difference in life expectancy between tobacco smokers and non smokers

The life expectancy of tobacco smokers is at least 10 years shorter than that of nonsmokers

When drinking alcohol, which part of the body first begins to absorb the drug into the bloodstream? A. Tongue and gums B. Stomach C. Intestines

Tongue and gums

Prima facie speed limits in an urban residential district

30 mph

The amount of inches your wheels must be when parking on the side of the road

18 inches

Percentage of people who die in drunk driving collisions are drunks driving the vehicle

2/3 of the people who die in drunk driving collisions are the drunks driving the vehicle

To make a three-point turn, you will need a gap of about __________ seconds. A. 8 to 10 B. 10 to 15 C. 20 to 30

20 to 30

When driving in weather with daytime temperatures consistently near __________ or lower, you should consider equipping your vehicle with snow tires. A. 32° F B. 40° F C. 45° F

45° F

On average, areas with sobriety checkpoints see about __% fewer alcohol-related traffic collisions.

20% (On average, areas with sobriety checkpoints see about 20% fewer alcohol-related traffic collisions.)

Exception to the child passenger safety seat

A child passenger safety seat is required for all children under 8 years old unless they are taller than 4' 9"

Amount of kinetic energy Car A would have If Car A is the same weight as Car B, but Car A is traveling at twice the speed as Car B

Car A will have four times as much kinetic energy as Car B.

Because of its effects on your speech, coordination, and memory, drinking will make it difficult to: A. Be yourself B. Deal with strangers C. Get others to notice you

Be yourself

Diamond Interchange

used to connect a major expressway with a secondary road with less traffic. Traffic signal lights on the secondary road are often used to control access to the entrance and exit ramps.

Where uncontrolled intersections are usually found

usually found in residential areas and others places with light traffic.

Schedule II Drugs

determined by the DEA and the FDA to have any one of the three following attributes: They have a currently accepted medical use in the United States that is safe under medical supervision. They have a high potential for abuse. Abuse may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.

Sleep apnea

interrupts a person's breathing during sleep, waking them and making it difficult for them to experience deep sleep

Withdrawal

When a person's body becomes accustomed to the presence of alcohol or drug in the bloodstream, his or her nervous system adapts to the drug's presence in an attempt to stabilize the body's functions. When the drug leaves the system too quickly or stays gone for too long, the user suffers from withdrawal.

What not to do if an aggressive driver decides to follow you

do not drive home or to work

What to do before entering traffic

make sure there is enough room for you to enter the roadway safely. Check the area of the road you plan to enter before and after starting your car's engine. Scan your mirrors for cars approaching from the rear and turn your head to check your blind spots. Activate the appropriate turn signal to ensure that other cars are ready to let you enter the road and that they understand your intentions.

Distance between right tires and curb When the line of the curb appears to intersect the center of the hood (Same as the left tires to the curb when on the left side of a one-way road)

When the line of the curb appears to intersect the center of the hood, your car's right tires will be positioned about 3-6 inches away from the curb. (Same as the left tires to the curb when on the left side of a one-way road)

Exception to not crossing over a solid line (parallel to you)

When the line to your left is solid, you may not cross over to the other side of the road to pass another vehicle (except in situations where doing so is your only safe option).

skid

When the tires of your vehicle lose their grip on the surface of the road

What to do When there's an insect in your car

When there's an insect in your car, pull over to kill it or let it escape. Don't return to the road until you're sure your car is bug-free.

Harmful effects of __________ include oversensitivity to light, increased risk of heart attack and stroke, liver damage, thinning of the blood, and deterioration of the stomach lining. A. muscle relaxants B. antihistamines C. pain relievers

pain relievers

Interchanges

places where drivers can cross over or under traffic as well as enter or leave the freeway

Measurement that indicates amount of alcohol in a beverage

proof

Hub cap

protect your car's tires and wheel rims when you strike a curb or other object. Make sure they're properly secured, particularly after a collision.

Field of vision

When you're not moving, your field of vision covers 180 degrees or more. Your field of vision is reduced to around 120 degrees at 20 mph, 75 degrees at 40 mph, and 35 degrees at 60 mph.

what steering towards the left or the right does to the center of gravity

shifts the vehicle's center of gravity in the opposite direction.

Path of Travel (POT)

space between your car and the target area that you've selected

Steering wheel's level from shoulders

top of the steering wheel is no more than one inch above the top of your shoulders.

minimum dosage

under which there will be no effects

Central Vision

what gives the richest visual information; You use your __ when reading, driving, and performing other activities that require fine, sharp, straight-ahead vision

only situation in which you may lawfully disregard a posted traffic control device

when an authorized official is directing and controlling the flow of traffic and they specifically instruct you to

stopping

when the driver temporarily brings the car to a stop using the brakes to avoid a hazard or to comply with the law or a posted traffic control device. Stopping temporarily can be done legally in many places where parking and standing are illegal.

Defensive Driving

driving strategy that ensures you'll be prepared to respond to any dangerous or unexpected situation on the road

Class C misdemeanor

first, second and third DUI offense (third for those under 17)

Right-of-way rules

generally apply when two or more drivers wish to occupy the same space on the road. Right-of-way rules specify which driver has the privilege to use the roadway immediately, and which driver should yield to allow the other driver to proceed

painted curb

generally indicates that parking beside the curb is restricted or prohibited

If your car stalls or stops on railroad tracks and you cannot get it to start,

get out! Try to push it off the tracks or get help if there is no train approaching.

Route markers (Guide signs)

identify the highway that the driver is traveling on. Different sign colors are used depending on the kind of highway being identified.

911 Lifeline Law

if someone seems to be suffering from alcohol poisoning, you can call 911 without worrying about legal punishments: the first person to call for medical assistance will not be charged for consuming or possessing alcohol as long as he or she remains on the scene until aid arrives and consistently cooperates with law enforcement

When to proceed on a yellow light

if you have passed the point of no return and are unable to safely bring your car to a stop before reaching the intersection.

Common side effects of depressants

include drowsiness, lethargy, paralysis, numbness, poor coordination, reduced heart rate and respiration, and a false sense of well-being.

initial symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning

include headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, shortness of breath, nausea, and vomiting

Examples of vulnerable road users

include riders of motorcycles, bicycles, and motor scooters, as well as pedestrians.

How to engage engine

You cannot engage your engine simply by turning your key all the way to the Start position. The ignition switch is spring-loaded in this position and you must apply extra pressure and hold the key in position until you hear the motor begin to run. Never hold the key in the Start position for more than ten seconds at a time. If the engine does not engage in this time, wait several seconds before trying again. You may get better results by turning the ignition back to the Off position before making another attempt.

What happens if you are found violating a local mobile phone or texting law (Same applies to laptop and other devices)

You could face penalties of $500 or more if you are found violating a local mobile phone or texting law.

one specific right-of-way principle that you must always follow

You must yield the right-of-way to avoid a collision.

what red lights in the instrument panel mean

indicate that it is dangerous to continue driving and you should pull over and stop your car immediately

Warning signs

indicate that the driver is approaching an intersection, change in road conditions, or other situation that requires an adjustment in driving.

Destination signs (Guide signs)

indicate the distances to upcoming highway exits. They are usually colored green.

small tab on the crossbuck sign

indicate the number of tracks at the crossing

yellow cub

indicates a no parking zone. You may not park beside a yellow curb.

Tachometer (instrument panel)

indicates how fast the engine is moving in revolutions per minute (RPM). When the indicator is the red zone, the engine is moving too fast and may become damaged.

Before leaving the roundabout

activate your turn signal.

Dextromethorphan

active ingredient in Robitussin, NyQuil, Dimetapp, and Vicks. It also has similar effects to those of PCP, but is less potent.

Padded areas on the dashboard

Softer dashboards decrease the potential of head injuries.

DWI

Driving While Intoxicated

Decision-making time

How long it takes you to figure out the proper way to respond

Prima facie speed limits on non-numbered roadways outside of an urban area

60 mph

Vulnerable road users

Anyone using the roads without the protection of a vehicle they can occupy

Phase One of the GDL program

Complete an authorized drivers education program (including at least 32 hours of classroom training and 14 hours of behind-the-wheel instruction) Complete the official two-hour Impact Texas Teen Drivers (ITTD) online course offered by the DPS Complete at least 30 hours of driving supervised by a parent, guardian, or other authorized adult, at least ten hours of which must occur at night

Which of the following attitudes is not likely to lead to unsafe decisions? A. Anxiety B. Composure C. Overconfidence

Composure

When to consider passing a car

Consider passing only if you are driving at least 10 mph faster than the car that you would like to pass.

lane splitting (dangerous and illegal)

Driving within a single lane with another vehicle

Short-term effects of depressants

Drowsiness and lethargy Paralysis and loss of sensation Poor coordination Slowed digestion Lethally reduced heart rate and respiration A false sense of well-being

What smell of burned plastic means

Electrical problem

If you commit any alcohol-related offense as a minor, you are guilty of a Class C misdemeanor. If found guilty, you could:

Have to pay a fine of up to $500 Be required to perform 8 to 12 hours of community service Be required to attend an Alcohol Awareness course Lose your license for 30 days or more Face more penalties from your parents, school, and insurance company

What making a left turn on One-Way Road to One-Way Road is the same as

Making a right turn (What making a right turn is the same as)

How minors publicly intoxicated will be charged

Minors who are publically intoxicated will be charged as a Minor in Possession (MIP)

Positive cross slope

Most roads have a positive cross slope—they're highest in the center and slope downwards toward the edges.

Driving with pets

Only drive with a pet except when absolutely necessary, and make sure the pet is safely restrained before you begin to drive.

Warning lights (instrument panel)

Pay attention to the warning lights on your dashboard for signs of problems with essential vehicle components, including the engine, battery, and brakes. Be ready to respond immediately.

Engine Compartment Warnings

Pay attention to the warnings printed inside the hood and on components like the engine and battery. Never attempt to perform any maintenance tasks until your car has had a chance to cool.

Active restraints

Restraints that the user is responsible for engaging

Perception Time

length of time it takes a driver to identify a situation

Wrong Way Signs

posted on one way roads and by expressway entrances and exits

what to do when encountering farm machinery

You may encounter farm machinery (such as tractors and combines) when using farm-to-market roads or when driving on the highway in a rural area. These machines can be large and oddly shaped, extending over more than one highway lane. Attempting to pass these vehicles can be especially dangerous.Farm machinery can generally move no faster than 25 mph. When you are moving at highway speeds, you will be surprised at how quickly you reach a vehicle moving at this speed. Slow down as you approach and determine whether it is safe to pass.

When to start moving after stopping for a School bus

You may proceed once the bus deactivates the signals and resumes motion, or if the driver signals that you may proceed.

When not to pass on the expressway

You're approaching a No Passing zone or a place where the road narrows, including a bridge, tunnel, or underpass There's a long line of slow-moving or stopped vehicles ahead of you The vehicle ahead of you has suddenly slowed for an unknown reason There are obstructions to your line of sight

Being awake for 18 hours can affect your driving as much as __________ . A. a BAC of 0.08% B. a dose of cough medicine C. being over 65 years old

a BAC of 0.08%

highway hypnosis

a state of unawareness, often caused by long periods of high speed driving

Colorblind people

can't distinguish between red and green, making it difficult or impossible for them to identify the colors of traffic lights, signs, and curbs. However, these drivers can typically compensate for their impairment (by recognizing the position of a traffic light or the shape of a sign, for example) and drive as safely as any other driver

It is possible to die after taking only three times the prescribed dose of __________. A. codeine B. ibuprofen C. Ritalin

codeine

LSD (or acid)

derived from a fungus that grows on grains such as rye. It is typically used for its ability to cause delusions, hallucinations, and an altered sense of time and self. LSD increases body temperature and heart rate, and causes loss of appetite, sweating, sleeplessness, and shaking.

Asphalt Tires

designed to produce a high amount of friction. However, when a road is wet or covered with loose material like dirt, less friction will be produced.

Highway Rest Stops

designed to provide drivers with a place to sleep so that fatigue-related collisions can be avoided. Look for a well-lit area where you can safely stop. Activate your parking lights and lock your doors. Make sure you turn off the engine and open the window slightly to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning. After you've rested or napped, walk around your car to wake yourself up before getting back on the road.

Suspension Stability Systems

detect driving conditions and raise or lower the vehicle's wheels for a smoother and more level ride.

Verification of Enrollment and Attendance (VOE)

form from their school when applying for or renewing a drivers license or instruction permit

Wrong Way signs (shape; Regulatory signs)

horizontal rectangles that are colored red

Signs of alcohol poisoning

include unconsciousness, vomiting, slow or irregular breathing, slow heart rate, and low body temperature.

Sequentially

interrupting and resuming tasks performed one at a time

what to do If there are parked cars to the right and oncoming cars to the left of your lane

remain centered in your lane so that you are not too close to either threat

Most important thing about right-of-way

safer to yield it than to use it

What braking does to the center of gravity

shifts the center of vehicle gravity to the front of the vehicle, causing the back to lift and decreasing back wheel traction.

Space Management

strategy for making sure you have each of these, maximizing your chances of being able to respond adequately to any emergency situation that appears on the road. By adopting an effective space management system, you can help to avoid dangerous situations that might put your life at risk.

Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD)

the most prolific and well-known grassroots action groups against drunk drivin

the primary source of potential problems as you approach an intersection

the traffic in front of you. Any time anything in front of you indicates that you may need to adjust your speed or position, you should check to the rear of your vehicle for to make sure that you have the space to safely slow down or stop if necessary.

Symptoms of over the counter drugs (can impair the driver)

Anxiety Delirium Excitement Drowsiness Dizziness Restlessness Muscle tension Confusion

Problem With Drinking As A Minor

As a minor, your organs and your body are not mature enough to fully handle the impacts of alcohol on your system

Integrated Vehicle Systems

use computers to improve stability by optimizing the use of friction between the vehicle's tires and the road.

most important rule Whenever you encounter a dangerous situation that requires an immediate response

Don't Panic

Newton's second law

F = ma (Force, Mass, Acceleration)

True or False: Alcohol does not affect the person from the moment they start drinking

False Because alcohol enters the bloodstream directly, it begins to affect a person from the moment he or she begins drinking If you drink faster than you get rid of alcohol, it will accumulate in your system and its effects on you will become more severe. If you must drive after drinking, space out your drinks and give yourself at least an hour for each drink you consume before getting behind the wheel.

How food affects BAC

Food contained in the stomach while digesting alcoholic beverages does not absorb or neutralize alcohol. However, it may initially coat the stomach lining and slow absorption to a small degree. This affects only the stomach, and not the intestines, where the majority of the body's alcohol absorption occurs.

Newton's Third Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Increased fuel tank integrity

Fuel tanks are constructed so that they are less likely to be breached in a collision and explode.

Intoxication Manslaughter

If the drunk driver kills a person, he or she can be convicted of Intoxication Manslaughter and face additional penalties. You can be jailed for up to 20 years for killing someone while driving drunk.

what to do If you must remove a hand from the steering wheel to activate or adjust any device

If you must remove a hand from the steering wheel to activate or adjust any device, place your other hand on the steering wheel in a central position to maintain control of your vehicle.

chance that you'll be one of the fatalities If you're under 20, consume alcohol, and are involved in a fatal collision

If you're under 20, consume alcohol, and are involved in a fatal collision, the chance that you'll be one of the fatalities is nearly 2 in 3.

what to do If you've had anything to drink

If you've had anything to drink, don't get behind the wheel!

What it means for traction if your tires are overinflated

If your tires are overinflated, they will have rounder surfaces, decreasing your traction with the road.

Amount of Texas drivers under 18 were arrested for driving under the influence

In 2013, over 450 Texas drivers under 18 were arrested for driving under the influence.

When you are considered a high-BAC offender

In Texas, a driver with a BAC of 0.15% or higher can be charged as a high-BAC offender.

Door and window controls

In most cars, the driver can operate all the vehicle's door locks and windows with controls on the inside of the driver's door. There will also often be controls for adjusting the car's side mirrors.

Active System Lights (instrument panel)

Many indicator lights will inform you about the status of important vehicle components, including the hood, doors, headlights, and front safety belts.

Never assume what (right of way)

Never assume that another driver will yield the right-of-way.

Example of stimulants

Nicotine Cocaine Ritalin Methamphetamine MDMA, or ecstasy Amphetamines, such as Adderall

only safe and reliable remedy for fatigue

Rest

Passing a car on a hill

Should never be done

Battery

The battery in your car powers important electrical systems, including the ignition. Make sure that the connections between the battery and the battery cables are clear.

One reason you should avoid taking risks as a driver is: A. All risks have the potential to cause death B. There's no way of knowing what is dangerous C. The payoff of most risks is insignificant

The payoff of most risks is insignificant

Rates of drug elimination

The rates of elimination of drugs from the body vary from hours to days. Nicotine, for example, is eliminated very rapidly, while THC, the active ingredient in marijuana, leaves the body at a slow rate and can be detected for several days after inhalation.

Simple reaction time

The time it takes to respond reflexively to an immediate situation, such as hearing a gunshot or touching a hot stove

Driving with passengers can make you: A. Constantly cut corners B. Focus more attentively C. Unconsciously act differently

Unconsciously act differently

What to do when driving near a snow plow

When driving near snow plows, give them extra room. The width of their plow may be difficult to determine. If you must pass a snow plow, do so only when you're sure it's safe, and only very carefully.

Protected turn

When the green arrow light tells you to turn

What to do when you encounter someone speeding

When you encounter a speeding driver, let him or her pass you.

Multitask performances

Actions you must take as a driver that involve performing several operations at once

Side mirror

Adjust the side mirrors so you can see what is happening around your car. Minimize blind spots. If your rear window is blocked, set these mirrors to help you see the road behind you.

Alcohol's Effects on SEE IT

Alcohol causes visual impairments and makes you more likely to stare straight ahead, making it difficult for you to search effectively. Because alcohol affects your judgment and makes you more likely to underestimate risk, you won't be able to evaluate the road properly. You lose the ability to control your muscles precisely when you're intoxicated, which can cause you to execute maneuvers poorly.

How far you should scan the expressway ahead

Always scan the expressway at least 10 to 15 seconds (about a quarter of a mile) ahead of your position so you can anticipate potential hazards and avoid last minute maneuvers.

Basic Speed Rule in Texas

An operator may not drive at a speed greater than is reasonable and prudent under the circumstances then existing

hepatic encephalopathy

An overburdened liver will release more harmful substances into the bloodstream. If kidney function is impaired, these harmful substances will be even more prevalent. When these substances reach the brain, they can cause a condition known as hepatic encephalopathy, which can have harmful effects including depression, mood and coordination problems, personality changes, coma, and death.

What to do when driving down a hill

Apply pressure to the brakes or shift to a lower gear when driving downhill so that your car won't move too fast.

When to move back to the original lane after passing a car

Don't move back into your lane too quickly. Check your rearview mirror to locate the front of the car you are passing. Return to your lane only when you can see the front tires of the car you have passed in your rearview mirror.

People who can not get Occupational, or Essential Needs, License

Drivers convicted of multiple or serious DWI offenses are generally not eligible for an Occupational License.

what to do If there are two lanes of traffic in your direction to the right of the yellow line

If there are two lanes of traffic in your direction to the right of the yellow line, you should drive in the right lane and use the left lane to pass, avoid hazards, and allow traffic to enter from the right.

what to do If there is a situation you need to attend to urgently

If there is a situation you need to attend to urgently, pull over so you can give it the attention it deserves.

what to do If you can't see farther than the distance it would take you to stop your vehicle

If you can't see farther than the distance it would take you to stop your vehicle, find a safe place to wait for conditions to clear. If snow, ice, or other conditions make controlling your vehicle too difficult, pull over.

Who usually has the lowest alcohol elimination rate? A. Inexperienced drinkers B. Moderate drinkers C. Heavy drinkers

Inexperienced drinkers

Cover braking

Keeping your foot over the brake pedal so you can slow it down more if necessary. (useful whenever you may need to brake suddenly.)

what to do before making a left turn on Two-Way Road to Two-Way Road

Make sure that the turn is legally permitted Check the intersection, your mirrors, and your blind spots for other road users Activate your left turn signal Lightly press your brake and reduce your speed

What moderate doses of cocaine can do to a driver

Moderate doses of cocaine can make drivers reckless, jittery, and compulsive

Automatic Gear Selector

Most cars with an automatic transmission have Park, Reverse, Neutral, and one or more Drive settings. In some cars, you must press and hold a button on the gearshift knob to shift gears.

Decreased muscle strength caused by __________ can make it difficult for you to control your car. A. muscular dystrophy B. dementia C. epilepsy

Muscular dystrophy

Only sign that is red octagon and has a small tab to indicate that it is 4-way

Stop sign (shape)

Which of the following is not a common outcome when a woman drinks during pregnancy? A. Physical deformities in the child B. The death of the fetus C. The death of the woman

The death of the woman

Intestines

These are responsible for most of the body's absorption of alcohol.

Inhalation

This puts users at higher risk of developing throat and lung cancer.

What to do to be sure that you are sitting at the proper distance from the steering wheel

To be sure that you are sitting at the proper distance from the steering wheel, extend your arm straight forward and adjust the position of the seat, forward or back, until the top of the steering wheel is in line with your wrist joint.

Counter-sheer (motorcycle)

To maneuver their vehicle, motorcyclists must counter-steer by leaning in the direction that they intend to move while turning their handlebars slightly in the opposite direction.By paying attention to where a motorcyclist is leaning, you can better anticipate where the rider is intending to go. You should not fully rely on a motorcycle's turn signals, as they are not self-cancelling and the rider may forget to deactivate them.

center line

Traffic moving in opposite directions will be divided by a single or double yellow line. This line is considered the center line, even when it is not in the exact center of the street.

How brake pedal works

When you push the brake pedal, your brakes slow the spinning of your car's wheels, reducing its speed .

City driving situations in which you should use cover braking include

While passing parked carsIn a traffic build-up When many brake lights are activated ahead of you When the traffic signal is about to change from green to red (If you can see the crosswalk signal facing you flashing, the green signal is about to end.)

In drug treatment programs in Texas in 2010, the use of the drug GHB was commonly associated with __________ abuse. A. marijuana B. methamphetamine C. alcohol

methamphetamine

Electronic Stability Programs (ESP) (Active Steering Control Systems)

minimize the chance of oversteering and understeering by comparing a driver's steering motions with where the car is actually going

Active Yaw Control Systems (AYC)

monitor the dynamic state of the vehicle and apply the brakes to individual wheels to make sure drivers don't begin to rotate around the vertical axis (due to oversteering or understeering).

Hydroplaning

more severe form of traction loss. When a wheel drives over a layer of water, it must push the water out of the way so that the rubber can gain traction against the road surface.When the wheel is spinning too fast and the tread fails to push water out of the way quickly enough, the wheel spins freely against the water without touching the road. This results in a severe loss of control.

What to do if you kill or injure an animal

pull over to the side of the road and try to find the owner. If you cannot find the owner, call the Humane Society or the police. Do not try to move an injured animal, but never leave an injured animal to die—it is inhumane and cruel.

Effects of alcohol

significantly impair your mental and physical faculties. It causes irritability, confusion, drowsiness, dizziness, and poor hand-eye coordination. It can slow the brain and nervous system and negatively affect judgment, coordination, and perception. By relaxing the muscles in the eye, it can even make it more difficult to see clearly.

Methanol

simplest alcohol molecule. It is principally used in the production of other chemicals, but is also used as fuel for motor vehicles and as antifreeze. Methanol is also extremely toxic: a single 12-ounce can of pure methanol would contain enough to cause permanent blindness in 36 people. One ounce of pure methanol can be fatal.

If an emergency vehicle is stopped at a crash scene or fire on the side of the road but its lights aren't flashing

slow down and be prepared to stop if necessary. However, don't rubberneck as you pass the scene of a collision.

when driving uphill (pedals)

you'll have to increase pressure on the accelerator pedal in order to counter the force of gravity. It is generally best to climb hills in first or second gear.

what to do Whenever you think there's a chance that you may need to brake soon

(Cover Braking) take your foot off the accelerator and place it over the brake pedal, without pressing down on the pedal.

How to deal with SUVs

(How to deal with SUVs) Even though SUVs are popular as passenger vehicles due to their comfortable size and the extra visibility they provide their occupants, they still must be treated with extra caution. Like all larger vehicles, they can be harder to handle and especially deadly in a collision with a smaller, lower vehicle. Consider that a standard SUV can weigh over 7,000 lbs, whereas the average small car weighs no more than 3,000 lbs. Because of this added weight, SUVs also tend to have poor gas mileage.

What children above four should use

A child will generally outgrow his or her safety seat by the time he or she turns four. These children should be positioned in the back seat of the car on a Booster Seat that will boost their height so that they can be safely secured by the vehicle's seat belts.

When you should establish a longer following distance

A vehicle is tailgating you Something is blocking your vision You're following a motorcycle or a large vehicle such as a truck or bus The road is wet or icy or otherwise offers little traction You're driving in bad weather You are driving at high speeds

How to exit a parallel parking space

After you have activated your car, shift the transmission to Reverse and back up as far as you can without hitting the car behind you. Turn the steering wheel sharply to the left. Shift the transmission to Drive (or First Gear). Activate your turn signal. Check the road ahead of you and your mirrors and blind spots. Make sure your right fender is far enough out that you can clear the car in front of you Slowly accelerate out of the parking space. Straighten your wheels and center your vehicle in the lane once you have exited the space.

Impacts of Chronic Alcohol Abuse on Stomach

Alcohol erodes the mucous protecting the lining of the stomach from the acids used in digestion, causing gastritis, or stomach inflammation. Gastritis symptoms include nausea, vomiting, pain, and bloating. Moreover, alcohol damages your stomach by relaxing the esophageal sphincter, allowing bile to enter the stomach and esophagus. This can lead to heartburn and stomach ulcers, both of which are worsened by further alcohol consumption.

Parking Break

All cars include a hydraulic parking brake system that works independently of the primary brakes. Pull up on the lever to engage this system when you park or if you experience brake failure.

Driving Under the Influence as a minor

All minors are prohibited from driving with any amount of alcohol in their system. If you are stopped by a peace officer and found to have a BAC greater than 0.00%, you will be convicted of Driving Under the Influence as a minor. Everyone under 21 is considered a minor.Keep in mind that even some cough syrups have enough alcohol to increase your BAC above 0.00%.

National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984

All states had to raise their minimum age for purchase and public possession of alcohol to 21 years. (The minimum drinking age of 21 years was in fact recommended less than a year earlier by the 1982 Presidential Commission on Drunk Driving, which was in turn partly influenced by MADD.)

What motorcyclist under 21 must wear while riding

An approved safety helmet Riders 21 or over may ride without a helmet if they have completed the motorcycle safety course and have at least $10,000 in health insurance coverage for any injuries they may sustain in a motorcycle collision.

Drugs under Schedule III

Anabolic steroids Ketamine Marinol, a synthetic form of THC Some less potent barbiturates, including talbutal and butalbital

What to do as soon as snow starts to fall

As soon as snow begins to fall, activate your windshield wipers and low-beam headlights.

What high doses of cocaine can do to a driver

At higher doses, cocaine causes shaking, irritability, loss of focus, and panic.Higher doses can also cause seizure, stroke, heart attack, coma, and death. As the effects of cocaine wear off, the driver may become drowsy, inattentive, or depressed.

What doses of heroin does to a driver

At lower doses, heroin causes itching, nausea, slowed breathing, and depression. At higher doses, the risk of fatal overdose increases greatly. Vomiting, loss of physical coordination, further slowed breathing, and severe itching and depression are all possible.

When to avoid passing

Avoid passing near curves, hills, bridges, tunnels, overpasses, or other obstructions that limit your view of the road or the amount of space available to pass.

What will increase the centrifugal force

Balanced weight distribution

Alcohol's Effect on Sense of Distance

Because alcohol affects your depth perception, you'll find it harder to determine how far you are from other vehicles and objects on the side of the road.

What it means for alcohol to be a depressant

Because alcohol is a depressant of the central nervous system, it tends to make your bodily functions slow down when you consume it.

what your doctor considers before prescribing medication

Before prescribing a medication, a doctor will consider not only if it can improve a particular patient's health, but also whether the patient is likely to experience dangerous side effects.

What to do when driving In winter weather before starting your car

Before starting your car, scrape any ice or snow off of all windows. Remove chunks and thick layers of snow from all surfaces to prevent them from falling off and striking another vehicle while you're driving.

What to watch out for before turning right

Before turning right, be sure you watch for and yield to other road users, especially bicyclists.You may start a right turn from a lane other than the far right lane only where pavement or overhead signs show that the turn is permitted. Do not change lanes while you are turning or swing wide into another lane of traffic.

You can use a center left turn lane to

Begin a left turn Complete a left turn Turn left onto a congested street from an alley, parking lot, or driveway Perform a U-turn (if permitted by a posted sign)

What to do when exiting an expressway

Begin slowing your car as soon as you enter the exit lane. By the time you have exited from the expressway, you should be driving at the proper speed for the roadway you are entering.

Common roadside distractions

Billboards: While some advertisements may make you think, they won't tell you anything that will help you prevent a collision. Exotic cars: Only pay attention to other cars to the extent necessary to drive safely. Animals: Unless their presence poses a threat to you, don't concern yourself with the activity of animals. Interesting buildings, landmarks, or events: Anything worth your attention is worth taking the time to stop for. People: Even when you're behind the wheel, it's not polite to stare at others.

What to do before passing a large truck

Blink your headlights to let the driver know you are planning to pass

Warning signs that you are fatigued

Blurred or unfocused vision Sore or tired eyes Difficulty keeping your eyes open Sore or tired muscles Difficulty keeping your head up Soreness or a tired feeling at the back of your head Stiff joints Difficulty concentrating Difficulty staying in your lane Lapses in short-term memory—such as being unable to remember what happened a few seconds ago

How body fat affects BAC

Body fat contains far less water than muscle tissue, bones, and many other tissues. All other factors being equal, a person with higher body fat percentage will absorb alcohol faster.

what to do If you realize you are moving too quickly as you approach a curve

Brake before you get to the curve, then ease off of the brake as you enter the curve. Press the brake gently if you continue to move too quickly through the curve. Accelerate gently at the midpoint of the curve to stabilize your vehicle.

What to do if someone has alcohol poisoning

Call 911 for help. Keep them on their side Perform CPR if their pulse is less than 40 beats per minute or their breathing is less than 8 breaths per minute. Don't try to help by feeding them food or coffee, making them vomit, giving them a cold shower, or letting them "sleep it off."

Long-term effects of smoking tobacco

Cancer of the lungs, kidneys, throat, mouth, head, neck, bladder, pancreas, and stomach Emphysema, a very deadly condition caused by destruction and malfunction of the lungs Heart disease and stroke, as well as other circulatory damage Impotence, infertility, and stress

What children between 20 pounds and 40 pounds should use

Children between 20 lbs and 40 lbs should be placed in a Toddler Seat placed in the back of the vehicle. These forward-facing restraints are designed to make sure a child's body is safely secured and protected in the event of a collision. Parents should converse with children in these seats without taking their eyes off the road and pull over and park for more direct interactions. While toddlers tend to demand more attention from their parents, as they mature they will become more accustomed to riding in the back seat.

What children under 20 lbs should use

Children under 20 lbs should be placed in an Infant Car Bed or Rear-Facing Infant Seatsecurely fastened in the back of the car according to the manufacturer's directions. Infants in a rear-facing seat should never be placed in front of an active air bag.

What to practice with driving instruction during behind-the-wheel instructions

Commentary driving During your behind-the-wheel lessons, practice commentary driving with your instructor by discussing what you see, what you're thinking, and what you're planning to do as you drive. A professional instructor can identify any dangerous attitudes or poor habits you have and help you develop safe ones to replace them.If you rely solely on your parents and peers to teach you to drive, you may pick up some of their bad habits without even realizing it. While practice is important, if you're not careful it can just as easily reinforce bad habits as good ones!

Which of the following behaviors is considered an act of road rage? A. Deliberately cutting off another driver B. Rolling through a stop sign when a pedestrian is crossing C. Running a red light while speeding

Deliberately cutting off another driver

Dipstick

Determine the amount of motor oil in your car by pulling out the dipstick and checking the oil level at the bottom of the gauge. Motor oil is used to lubricate the engine.

Why different kinds of beverages have different effects on body

Different kinds of beverages contain different amounts of alcohol, and therefore have different effects on your body and driving ability.

Effects of marijuana

Disorientation. It makes the user unable to understand and react adequately to his or her current situation. Other harmful effects include impaired memory, fear, panic, psychosis, increased heart rate, and loss of coordination.

Improper use of a drivers license

Displaying or possessing a license knowing it is false, cancelled, revoked, suspended, or altered Lending a drivers license or ID to someone else Representing another person's license or ID as your own Failing to surrender a cancelled, suspended, or revoked license Having more than one valid license Using false information to obtain a license

most important thing to remember if your car begins to skid

Don't Panic! Look and steer your car in the direction you wish to go.

What to do about a sneeze

Don't drive if you have a cold or allergy that's causing you to sneeze excessively. If you feel a sneeze coming on that you can't suppress, try to move to a safe road position or increase the space around your car to reduce the risk of a collision.

Signs of a drunk driver

Driving the wrong speed, either faster than conditions allow or unnecessarily slowly Making haphazard speed adjustments Driving over the curb, changing into the wrong lane, weaving, or straddling two lanes Changing lanes frequently and unnecessarily Driving over the centerline or crossing a double yellow line Stopping short of, overshooting, or running a STOP sign, or stopping at a green light or in the middle of the road Failing to signal or signaling deceptively Driving at night with no lights or failing to dim high-beams

national motto of the United States,

E Pluribus Unum, means "Out of many, one."

A person is over __ times more likely to be killed when involved in a DUI related crash than when involved in any other type of crash.

Eight (A person is over __ times more likely to be killed when involved in a DUI related crash than when involved in any other type of crash.)

when to avoid driving

Emotionally distressed by a personal or professional situation Experiencing a high degree of tension or anxiety Unable to focus your attention on situations relevant to driving More susceptible to losing focus when emotional due to inexperience

To drive safely you must be

Emotionally stable and unlikely to overreact Able to make complex, split-second decisions in response to road conditions and traffic Considerate of others Able to recognize and perform the most appropriate action Able to use good judgment Attentive to the driving task Patient and calm in stressful driving conditions

For every maneuver you must

Evaluate the road. Scan the road ahead of you and check your mirrors and blind spots to determine what maneuver you should perform. Make sure the maneuver is not prohibited by any signs, signals, or road markings. Prepare to act. Signal appropriately and double-check to make sure the road ahead of you, to your sides, and behind you is safe. Execute the maneuver. Look where you want to go and use the appropriate vehicle controls to perform the maneuver.

Zero Tolerance for Teens

Even if the car is parked or you aren't the one driving, you'll face a fine of up to $500 simply for being in possession of an alcoholic beverage with a broken seal or with some contents removed. However, this law does not apply to passengers in a vehicle for hire (like a limo, taxi, or bus) or in the living quarters of a motor home, or alcoholic beverages locked in the glove compartment, the trunk, or another secure area.

How many lanes you should change at a time

Even when you have to move across a roadway quickly, move over only one lane at a time. If you try to cross several lanes at once, you may interfere with other drivers and possibly cause a collision. Plan ahead so you'll have enough time to get across the road safely.Do not weave between lanes. Weaving is a dangerous behavior that forces other drivers to adjust to accommodate your erratic movements. Even if you see no other cars on the road, you may be in for a rude surprise if you are weaving across the road.

How often you should glance at mirrors

Every three to five seconds, glance at your mirrors. Whenever you look at the mirrors or over your shoulder, be sure you take your eyes off the road for only a moment before returning your attention to the path ahead of you.

Due to alcohol's effect on your sense of balance, you may: A. Be unaware when you're driving on a hill B. Feel like you're falling C. Make unnecessarily wide gestures

Feel like you're falling

What to remember in adverse conditions

Finally, remember that in any adverse weather condition, other road users are faced with the same conditions as you.When you have difficulty seeing and your tires suffer reduced traction, other drivers experience the same issues.

If you're following another car to an unfamiliar destination, make sure you don't: A. Drive too far from the car you're following B. Focus only on the car you're following C. Look away from the car you're following

Focus only on the car you're following

How cold air affects the tires

For every 10° F that the temperature drops, pressure in your tires will fall by roughly 1 PSI. If you inflate your tires to have the correct pressure when the temperature is 70° F, they'll be significantly underinflated in 30° F weather.

When may you make a left turn on a red light? From a one-way road onto a one-way road When no "No Left on Red" sign is posted Never

From a one-way road onto a one-way road

Crumple zones

Front ends and trunks are designed to crush on impact, while many bumpers are now produced to absorb minor impacts without damage, so that the passenger compartment remains intact.

Effects of a 0.10% BAC

Further increased reaction time Further impaired concentration and judgment Sharply decreased control of your vehicle Reduced ability to maintain your lane position and brake properly

smooth acceleration

Gradual build up of speed from a stopped position to a higher speed

Why eating and drinking is dangerous

Greasy foods can make your hands slippery, impeding your ability to use vehicle controls. Spicy or flavorful foods may cause you to cough, sneeze, or sweat, making it harder for you to focus on the road. To drink a beverage, you may have to bring the cup or bottle to your lips, obscuring your vision. You may burn your mouth if you consume hot food or drinks while driving, making it difficult for you to focus on driving. If you drive over a bump or pothole, you may end up swallowing more of something than you intended or spilling something on yourself. Even the surprise of a little spill might cause you to veer off the road.

What to do while driving around a horse

Horses can be startled by sudden movements or loud noises. Always try to approach and pass a horse slowly and quietly. Be prepared to stop in case the horse becomes out of control, and help the person in charge of the horse if necessary.Never startle a horse by honking your horn, revving your engine, accelerating as you pass by, or chasing the horse. Don't let passengers or a dog harass the horse by shouting or barking. Even a well-trained horse may bolt, buck, or rear if startled by a motor vehicle.

Perception time

How long it takes you to notice a potentially hazardous situation and identify it as such

How multitasking is a myth

Human brains do not perform two tasks at the same time. Instead... brains can juggle tasks very rapidly, which leads us to erroneously believe we are doing two tasks at the same time. In reality, the brain is switching attention between tasks—performing only one task at a time

What to do If a passenger wishes to have an emotional discussion

If a passenger wishes to have an emotional discussion, ask him or her to wait until you're done driving. If he or she is insistent, pull over before having the conversation. If a passenger continues to be a nuisance even after you have asked him or her to stop, you must decide whether to pull over and ask him or her to get out of the car. Don't turn around to communicate with or discipline a child while driving. If a child insists on attention, pull over to the side of the road. Keep books, games, or other activities in your car to help children fend off boredom.

what to do if you are drunk and nobody you call can give you a ride

If nobody you call can give you a ride, call a cab. even if you haven't had anything to drink, don't get into a car if the driver has been drinking If you can't find a safe way to get home, then don't go home—stay where you are. Whether you're at a friend's house or a stranger's, just find a couch and go to sleep. If you're not at a house, find a motel. If all else fails, keep in mind that even a park bench or a bus stop will be safer than a car driven by a drunk.

Problem with Figuring Out Alcohol Content

If the beer you drink is 9% alcohol instead of 5%, or if the hard liquor you drink is 45% alcohol instead of 40%, you've had more than one drink. Similarly, depending on the container you drink out of, you may have 16 ounces of beer when you think you're having 12.Mixed drinks bring even more confusion into the equation. A single mixed drink may contain two or more shots of hard liquor, a carbonated mixer, and a lot of sugar—sweet flavors can mask the taste of alcohol. After consuming a single mixed drink, you may absorb the equivalent of three standard drinks without realizing it.

what to do If the line to your left is broken

If the line to your left is broken, then you may use the other side of the road to pass other vehicles as long as you can do so safely after yielding to all oncoming traffic.

what happens with centrifugal force If the road is wet or icy

If the road is wet or icy, there will be less friction between your tires and the road, so there will be less centripetal force, and this means you will have to drive especially cautiously as you enter a curve.

what to do If the temperature light comes on or the temperature gauge indicates "hot"

If the temperature light comes on or the temperature gauge indicates "hot", stop your car and let your engine idle while it cools down. If you shut off the engine altogether, the gasoline in the hot engine may vaporize and you'll have to wait for the engine to cool completely to proceed. This situation is called vapor lock.If you're not in a situation where you can safely stop your car, try cooling your engine by turning on your car's heater to draw some heat from the engine compartment.

what to do if the truck seems to be approaching rapidly or if you see white smoke billowing from the truck

If the truck seems to be approaching rapidly or if you see white smoke billowing from the truck, move out of the truck's way and allow it to pass.

What to do if there is not four seconds of traffic gap in the lane you intend to enter

If there is no gap, wait. You can seek cooperation from other drivers by activating your turn signal, changing your vehicle position, and making eye contact, but you can't force it.

What to do if someone is tailgating you

If you cannot change lanes, slow down enough to encourage the tailgater to pass you. If the tailgater continues to follow you closely, pull off the road when it is safe to do so and allow the tailgater to pass. Before slowing down or stopping, tap your brake lightly a few times to warn the tailgater. Don't antagonize a driver tailgating you, as he or she may be agitated or aggressive.

what to do If you cannot get your car off the roadway

If you cannot get your car off the roadway, place warning devices such as flares around your car and get everyone in the car away from the roadway.

what happens with centrifugal force If you enter a curve too fast while driving on the inside of a curve

If you enter a curve too fast while driving on the inside of a curve, centrifugal force may pull your car into the path of oncoming traffic.

what happens with centrifugal force If you enter a curve too fast while driving on the outside of the curve

If you enter a curve too fast while driving on the outside of the curve, centrifugal force may pull your car off the road. This can be especially dangerous if you're driving on a mountain road!

what happens If you have to reach for an object moving around the cab of your car

If you have to reach for an object moving around the cab of your car, it can increase the chances of a crash or near-crash by up to nine times, making it one of the most dangerous distractions for a driver.

The stopping distance of 60 mph If you're driving at 30 mph on dry pavement, it will take your car 45 ft to stop when you apply the brakes. (Hint: When you brake your car, you aren't overcoming its speed, but rather its kinetic energy. This is a very important distinction: since your car's kinetic energy is proportional to the square of its speed, its stopping distance when you brake will be squared as well.)

If you're driving twice as fast, 60 mph, it will take your car four times the distance—180 ft—to stop.

Chance that victim of fatal drunk driving collisions is between 16 and 20

In 2009, more than 1 in 9 victims of fatal drunk driving collisions were between the ages of 16 and 20.

Cars with standard brakes

In cars with standard brakes, fully depressing your brake pedal can cause your wheels to lock and release the pressure within the hydraulic system. Ease your foot off the brake pedal to allow the wheels to rotate again and pump the brake pedal in an on-off manner to restore pressure in the brake system.Antilock braking systems (ABS) work by performing a pumping-like action on each wheel independently many times per second whenever you apply the brakes. Never pump your brakes manually if your car is equipped with ABS.

Seat adjustment controls

In general, the position and angle of the front seats can be adjusted using levers on the side or bottom of the seats or with electronic controls found inside the doors or between the seats.

Exceptions to not being allowed to provide alcohol to people under 21

In most cases, it is illegal to provide alcohol by any means to persons under 21. Exceptions are made for the minor's parent, guardian, or spouse of drinking age, and only if the provider of alcohol is visibly present while the minor possesses and/or consumes the alcohol.If you are under 21, or are not the minor's parent, guardian, or spouse, you may not provide him or her with alcohol, even on your own property or with the minor's parent's permission.Breaking this law is a class A misdemeanor carrying a fine of up to $4,000 and/or up to one year in jail, and a mandatory 180-day drivers license suspension.

Effects of stimulants

Increased anxiety Overexcitement Inability to focus Poor coordination Tremors Increased heart rate and body temperature, sometimes causing death A false sense of well-being, even in dangerous or painful situations

Rate of drug absorption

Injection provides a more immediate effect, because the drug enters directly into the bloodstream, while ingestion requires the drug to pass through the digestive system, delaying the effects. The same drugs may have different forms and may be used in different ways depending on the desired effect.

Difference between making a left turn on Two-Way Road to Two-Way Road and making a left turn on Two-Way Road to One-Way Road

Instead of entering the intersection to turn, begin this turn when you reach the crosswalk. Other than that, you should follow the same procedure as when turning on to a two-way road.

Causes of fatigue

Insufficient sleep Lengthy periods of physical work or mental strain (including studying) The monotony of driving for an extended period Stress, including the stress of driving in heavy traffic or adverse weather conditions Illness or medication Overeating Sun glare or an overheated car Disruption of natural sleep cycles

How to know if someone has alcohol poisoning

Is unconscious or semiconscious Doesn't respond to pinching Exhibits slow or irregular breathing Has a slow heart rate Has bluish, pale, cold, or clammy skin Vomits while passed out

Why smoking tobacco while driving is risky

It involves both manual and cognitive inattention, and can alter your mind in dangerous ways. Physically handling a cigarette can be dangerous enough by itself, but tobacco also makes you less fit to operate a vehicle.Tobacco smoke irritates your eyes, causing them to narrow or to water. It can make your hands shaky and your movements restless and compulsive. Tobacco can also cause nervousness, anxiety, and increased susceptibility to distraction.

Amount of alcohol allowed for someone under 21

It is illegal for drivers under 21 to have a BAC over 0.00%when driving—or at any other time.

Wearing headphones while driving

It's extremely dangerous to cover your ears with headphones while driving, and illegal to drive with both ears covered by headphones. Headphones will completely impede your ability to hear the road. If you choose to use headphones while you drive, you must keep one ear uncovered.

Make sure you avoid anything that could reduce how well you see the road

Keep your windows clean and keep them clear of any objects or stickers that may obstruct your vision. Avoid hanging anything from your rearview mirror. Don't put things on your dashboard. Never wear dark glasses at night. If you wear tinted contact lenses, consult a doctor about whether it is safe for you to drive at night. Adjust your mirrors before driving to give yourself the best view possible of the road behind you. Keep your windshield wipers in good working order. If you tint your windows, make sure they meet Texas legal standards. Attaching an object or applying a material to your windows that reduces your view of the road is prohibited.

The amount of nicotine contained in a single pack of cigarettes is enough to __________ an adult when consumed quickly enough. A. kill B. blind C. None of the above

Kill

strategies for reducing the influence of emotions on your driving

Knowing when you're not emotionally fit to drive and taking a break or asking for the help of another driver Remembering that other drivers are just as likely to have a bad day as you and treating their mistakes with patience Identifying situations likely to cause you emotional stress and avoiding them when possible Understanding that your emotions and the actions they cause can be contagious, increasing the stress of others Refusing to get upset at another person, even if you're annoyed by something they've done

When you begin driving and lack experience, the best tool you have for reducing risk is __________ . A. confidence B. enthusiasm C. knowledge

Knowledge

Seat anchors

Known as the Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children (LATCH) system, seat anchors in the back seats allow child safety seats to be attached more easily and safely.

What to do when you encounter an aggressive driver

Let him or her pass you

Low Risk Environment

Lightly-traveled, two-lane roads in the city or in rural or suburban areas (In these areas, the speed limit is usually restricted to 35 mph or less and there are fewer right-of-way conflicts.)

What listening to the stereo impairs

Listening to the stereo can also impair your ability to hear what's happening on the road. Music can muffle or completely drown out road noise that you need to hear to evaluate the situation on the road. Set the volume before you begin to drive. Keep the volume at a moderate setting so you won't need to make adjustments if a loud song or commercial comes on. Before shutting your car down, make sure the volume remains low so it won't overwhelm you the next time you start your car.

how to respond to front wheel traction loss

Look in the direction you want to go. Gently turn your steering wheel in the direction you want to go. Until the car regains traction, make only small steering adjustments. Ease your foot from the brake or accelerator pedal so that your car's weight will be more balanced. Jab the brake to shift some weight forward towards the front wheels. Once you have regained some traction, your car will become more responsive to steering input. When your treads grab the road, your car will lurch slightly and then start moving in the desired direction.

How to reduce risks while merging

Make sure your signals are activated and continue signaling until you've completely merged with traffic. Be sure you maintain a safe following distance with vehicles on the entrance and the expressway. Watch for vehicles changing lanes at merge points. Anticipate the actions of the driver entering ahead of you, as he or she may suddenly slow or stop.

Which of the following is not a cost associated with crashing into a parked car? A. Car repair costs B. Increased insurance rates C. Mandatory driving school

Mandatory driving school

Speedometer (instrument panel)

Many cars, primarily those with automatic transmissions, include an indicator on the dashboard that drivers can consult to determine which gear is currently selected.

Problems with cleaning products

Many common household products and cleaners are used as inhalants to give the user a quick high similar to the feeling of being drunk. Yet, like alcohol, inhalants also greatly impair a person's coordination and judgment and increase the likelihood that he or she will make a driving error that will lead to a serious collision.Inhalants contain extremely poisonous chemicals that can make you very sick or even kill you. In addition, users can be fined or sent to jail.

Why many Eds have prohibition against alcohol

Many medications have strict prohibitions against drinking alcohol while using them. Mixing alcohol with some medications can cause nausea, vomiting, headaches, drowsiness, fainting, and a loss of coordination. Combined with other drugs, alcohol puts a person at risk of internal bleeding, heart problems, and breathing difficulties. In addition to these dangers, alcohol can make a medication less effective or even useless, or it may make the medication harmful or toxic. Even some herbal remedies can have harmful effects when combined with alcohol.

Instrument panel

Monitor your speed and mileage and the condition of your car's components with the instrument panel. Review your owner's manual to find out where the specific indicators in your car are located.

how to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning

Never leave a car running in a closed garage, as the exhaust can build up quickly while the car is running. Leave a front window open slightly, even in cold weather, to allow fresh air to circulate in your car. If you open a rear window, you may draw exhaust back into your car. If you're stuck in traffic with other vehicles, leave your air vents closed so their exhaust doesn't enter your car.

Why tobacco causes lung cancer

Nicotine weakens the immune system's ability to fight cancerous growths. The smoke inhaled from a cigarette contains over 60 known carcinogens, or cancer-causing chemicals. Some of these chemicals have been purposefully added to the cigarette, often to give it a particular flavor. In addition, smoking a single cigarette means drawing about ten 2.5-ounce doses of tobacco smoke into the lungs. Many smokers consume far more than this every day. This exposes the lungs to carcinogens over and over again, day in and day out.

How much alcohol can you drink and still expect to be able to drive safely? A. None B. One drink C. Two drinks

None

Difference between making a left turn on Two-Way Road to Two-Way Road and making a left turn on One-Way Road to Two-Way Road

None (No difference between making a left turn on Two-Way Road to Two-Way Road and making a left turn on One-Way Road to Two-Way Road)

How the Body Eliminates Alcohol

Of all alcohol consumed, 95% is eliminated through metabolism, while the remaining 5% is eliminated through excretion and evaporation.Enzymes in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the stomach lining, act on alcohol to metabolize it—breaking it down into simpler, less active chemicals that are more easily passed through the system and removed. Alcohol is also excreted unchanged through urine, sweat, tears, and saliva.Body temperature causes some alcohol to evaporate from the blood and enter the lungs, and from there it is eliminated through the breath. This is why a breath sample can be used to measure your BAC.

When it is illegal to stop stand park

On a sidewalk, crosswalk, or intersection On railroad tracks, a bridge, or an overpass Within a tunnel On either side of the street near a street excavation or obstruction Wherever prohibited by a sign

Which of the following tasks does not typically require the driver to be physically fit? A. Evasive steering B. Operating dashboard controls C. Sitting in the proper position

Operating dashboard controls

Beginning Laws on DUI and DWI

Originally, all drunk drivers were charged with the crime of DUI. However, these laws tended to be more difficult to enforce, as they often required officers to prove that the driver had been significantly impaired, allowing some drivers to avoid conviction. Under current DWI laws, a person can be convicted simply by presenting the results of a chemical test showing that the person was driving with an illegal BAC or any positive amount of certain controlled substances.

when Bicyclists may leave the edge of the roadway and use a full lane of traffic

Overtaking and passing a vehicle moving in the same direction Avoiding unsafe roadway conditions such as pedestrians, potholes, debris, or stopped or moving vehicles Riding on a roadway with lanes too narrow to be shared safely Preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into a driveway

Who has the right way: Walker or driver

Pedestrians have the right-of-way at all crosswalks whether or not they are marked

Accelerator Pedal (Rightmost pedal)

Press the accelerator pedal with your right foot to increase speed. As you apply pressure to this pedal, more gas is supplied to the engine, resulting in higher speeds.

Metabolism

Process that breaks down both nutritious and poisonous chemicals into substances the body is better able to manage

Homeostasis

Process that maintains steady levels of blood pressure, body temperature, and acid-base balance throughout the day

Penalty for DWI—With child passenger under age 15: State Jail Felony

Punishable with a fine of up to $10,000, a jail sentence between 180 days and 2 years, and possible license suspension

Penalties for DWI, 3rd offense: 3rd Degree Felony

Punishable with a fine of up to $10,000, a jail sentence between 2 and 10 years, and a 180-day to 2-year license suspension A driver's fourth and all subsequent DUI offenses will be punished at this level.

Penalties for Intoxication Assault: 3rd Degree Felony

Punishable with a fine of up to $10,000, a jail sentence between 2 and 10 years, and a 90-day to one-year license suspension

Four major categories of common driver errors that contribute to collisions

Recognition errors, which have to do with the driver's attentiveness to the road Decision errors, which have to do with the driver's evaluation of the driving situation Performance errors, like poor directional control and overcompensation Non-performance errors, like sleep or a heart attack

How to safely recover from a skid

Release the accelerator and the brake pedal. Look, and steer gently, in the direction you want to go. When you feel your vehicle regain traction, gently apply the accelerator or brake. If your vehicle overcorrects and turns too far in one direction, keep looking where you want to go, and steer gently in that direction.

What you must do as a designated driver

Remember not to drink any alcohol Know who you're responsible for before anyone starts drinking Know where to bring each passenger and who to call in case of an emergency Communicate your rules for passengers before anyone starts drinking Make sure you don't offer to drive more people than can safely fit in your car Make sure that no one else has access to a vehicle. Don't let anyone else handle your keys. Reach an agreement about gas money, food, and possible cleaning costs with your passengers before they start drinking

Motor Oil Cap

Remove this cap when you need to change your car's motor oil. You should change your motor oil every three months or 3,000 miles, or whenever the oil level falls below the recommended level.

When you consume a lot of alcohol, your sleep will be __________ . A. filled with dreams B. heavy C. restless

Restless

Passive restraints

Restraints such as air bags, safety glass, and padded dashboards, sun visors, and head restraints that work regardless of the user's actions

Common signs of driving under the influence of stimulants

Risky behavior Tailgating Speeding, especially while turning Frequent passing and lane changes Jerky acceleration and steering Failure to signal Failure to follow traffic signals

Moderate Risk Environment

Roads with increased traffic flow and volume (Urban, suburban, and rural areas with speed limits up to 50 mph)

Turning or stopping in expressway

Should ever happen (Turning or stopping in expressway)

How to pass a car

Signal your intention to change lanes into the passing lane Accelerate as you prepare to leave your lane so that you will be able to pass quickly Watch for unexpected actions from the traffic around your car Steer into the passing lane Proceed forward at the same speed until you can see the car you're passing in your rearview mirror Activate your right turn signal Steer back into your original lane and deactivate your turn signals Make sure you have enough space around your vehicle before you return to a safe cruising speed

Effects of a 0.08% BAC

Significantly increased reaction time and difficulty executing a series of actions Reduced awareness of your surroundings and ability to control your speed Overconfidence and a tendency to engage in high-risk behavior Further impaired judgment, alertness, and memory Further reduced physical coordination, including poor balance, speech, vision, and hearing

Center Left Turn Lanes (Two-Way Turn Lanes)

Sometimes, the lane in the middle of the roadway will be marked on both sides by a broken yellow line inside a solid yellow line. These lanes are designated for making left turns only, and may be used by drivers traveling in either direction.

a judge may order your license to be revoked or suspended if you are convicted of

Speeding and reckless driving Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs Failing to stop as required at a railroad crossing Fleeing a law enforcement officer A license suspension may be the least of the punishments you receive for these crimes. You may also receive heavy fines and a significant prison sentence. In addition to these other penalties, drivers under 25 who are cited for a moving violation may be required to attend a four-hour driver safety course.

Six common causes of collusions

Speeding or failing to control speed Driver inattention or distraction Failing to yield the right-of-way Failing to drive in a single lane Disregarding a stop sign or traffic signal Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs

Side impact reinforcement

Stronger steel beams are installed inside the doors to protect occupants from side impacts.

Where a number of basic traffic laws are listed

Texas Transportation Code (TRC)

What you have to pay if collusion happens by you

The cost to repair or replace the car you crashed into The cost to repair or replace your own car Any fines, penalties, and court costs Increases to your insurance premium The costs of missed work time

Lane Choice in Expressway

The extreme left lane of an expressway is for faster traffic, and the right lane is for slower traffic: Use the right lane for driving more slowly or if you're planning to leave the expressway after a short time. Due to their speed limitations, large vehicles are more likely to drive in lanes on the right. Use the center and left lanes for passing and driving at high speeds. In general, the fastest traffic will be in the leftmost lane of the expressway.

You must also yield to a pedestrian when:

The pedestrian wishes to cross and there is no traffic control signal in place or in operation The pedestrian is already on or nearing the part of the roadway you wish to use

you must stop for a school bus that is stopped ahead of you on the opposite side of the road, unless:

The road is divided by a median The road is a controlled access highway where pedestrians are not allowed to cross (Always stop at least 20 ft from the position of the school bus.)

Factors in determining how one drink will affect someone

The size of their bodies Their gender Their emotional state and tiredness The amount of time spent drinking The amount of food they've ingested The alcohol content of the beverages they consume

What to make sure of before performing a turnabout

There are no posted traffic signs prohibiting the maneuver The road is clear of road users that could interfere with the maneuver You have enough space and time to complete the maneuver safely You can see the road at least 500 ft in each direction You are not driving on a one-way road Never perform a turnabout on a hill or curve, as your view will be obstructed.

Antihistamines

These can cause drowsiness, poor coordination, and loss of sensation.

Amphetamines

These can cause increased anxiety, tremors, and an inability to focus.

Dissociatives

These can cause panic, delusions, and hallucinations.

Signs slow-moving vehicles display

These slow-moving vehicles will often display an orange triangle emblem with a red stripe on each side. In general, slow-moving vehicles cannot travel over 25 mph.

Ignition Switch

To activate your car's electrical systems and its engine, you must insert your key in this switch and turn it to the correct position. This switch is on the right of the steering column.

How to free your vehicle from the snow

To free your vehicle from the snow, point your front wheels straight ahead, shift into a lower gear—2nd in a manual transmission, or D2 in an automatic—and press the accelerator very gently. Press too hard and your wheels will spin freely against the snow without gaining traction.

How many gears a truck has to shift to get to highway speeds

To get up to highway speeds, truck drivers have to shift through as many as 15 gears.

How to use turn signals

To use the right or left turn signal, push the lever up or down, respectively. When clicked in place, the signal will blink until the turn is complete. Push gently to flash a signal briefly.

systems that are used to ensure that a car is shut down and the steering wheel is locked when you remove your key

Transmission park system: shift the transmission to park, turn the key to LOCK, and remove it. Two-hand button system: press the button below the steering column, then turn the key to LOCK and remove it Lever system: press the lever near the ignition switch, turn the key to LOCK, and remove it. One-hand button system: press the button near the ignition switch, turn the key to LOCK, and remove it. Push-in system: turn the key to OFF, then push it in, turn it to LOCK, and remove it. Turn-and-remove system: turn the key to LOCK and remove it.

True or False: A motorcycle is entitled to a full lane

True

What you are more likely to do when you drink

Underestimate the degree of risk in your actions and disregard the physical laws that govern driving Overestimate your own abilities and the capabilities of your own vehicle while refusing to accept responsibility for your own bad decisions React to your emotions rather than consider the consequences of your decisions Become distracted by passengers, devices in your car, or a situation on the road

Why under inflated tires are bad

Underinflated tires greatly increase the risk of losing control and skidding. When inflating your tires, be sure to adjust them so that they'll have the correct pressure while they're actually operating on the road.

Difference between interstates and US Routes

Unlike interstates, which can only be entered and exited at designated access areas, U.S. routes intersect with other roads and are controlled by road signs and traffic signals.

Financial cost of DWI conviction

Up to $5,000 in increased insurance rates Up to $10,000 in fines As much as $1,500 or more in attorney's fees $500 or more in court fees, license reinstatement fees, substance abuse assessment and treatment fees, alcohol awareness course fees, etc. For a grand total of $17,000—not counting any medical expenses or the cost of a new car.

How weight affects BAC

Weight affects BAC because of differences in body fluid levels. Heavier bodies contain more fluids than lighter bodies, so the same amount of alcohol will produce a lower concentration in heavier people.

What to do when approaching a slower-moving vehicle

When approaching a slow-moving vehicle, slow down. From a distance, you may misjudge its speed and need to slow or stop abruptly when you reach it.

Tempered side windows

When broken, the side windows will shatter into small cubes rather than jagged shards.

Forward Pitch

When the brakes are applied, weight is transferred to the front of a vehicle. If braking is hard, the hood will drop noticeably and the rear deck of the vehicle will rise. If you apply your brakes gradually while traveling in a straight line, weight will be distributed more evenly across all four wheels. However, if you apply your brakes abruptly, you may completely lose traction and directional control. Combined with the weight transfer, this situation can be extremely dangerous.

what happens to the brakes and the wheels when you depress the brake pedal

When you depress the brake pedal, your brakes squeeze the wheels until they stop spinning. This produces friction between the wheels and the brakes, converting the kinetic energy in your spinning wheels into heat. The friction between your wheels and the brakes, along with the friction between your tires and the road, causes your car to come to a stop. However, if you are traveling too fast when you apply the brakes, so much heat will be produced that your brakes may overheat and become unable to absorb enough kinetic energy to stop your car.

What to do when you see fog

When you see fog, slow down and increase following distance. Drive in the center of your lane and maneuver gently to avoiding losing control. Keep track of lane lines to prevent yourself from straying outside them.If water forms on the outside of your windshield, activate your wipers. Turn on your low-beam headlights as soon as you enter fog—high-beams will only illuminate the fog, making it more difficult to see.In areas with particularly poor visibility, turn off any music and roll down your windows to listen for nearby vehicles.

What it means to sign a citation

When you sign your citation at the time of the traffic stop, you are only agreeing to respond to the infraction. It is not an admission of guilt. You will be sent a notice from the court in the mail within a few weeks. The notice will explain the options you have for handling the infraction and the amount of time you have to select an option.

Drivers should help blind pedestrians safely cross the street by following these guidelines:

When your car is stopped at a crosswalk, remember that blind pedestrians use the sound of your car engine as a guide. Drivers of silent (electric and hybrid) vehicles should be especially cautious. Never give any verbal directions to or honk your horn at blind pedestrians. It is their right to decide when to cross the street: it is your responsibility to give them right-of-way. When you see a blind person pulling in his or her cane and stepping away from the crosswalk, this usually means you may go. Don't wait too long, but proceed with caution.

What to do whenever driving beside a truck

Whenever you are driving beside a truck, keep both hands on the steering wheel and leave as much space as possible by driving in the edge of your lane farthest from the truck. This will help minimize the effects of turbulence and prepare you to deal with the effects you cannot avoid. All cars displace a certain amount of air as they travel along the road, by pushing through it. Because of their size, large trucks push and displace a lot of air. This can cause air turbulence when you pass a truck or when you drive past a truck in the opposite direction. The force of this turbulence can be strong enough to push you out of your lane—and this will put you and other drivers in great danger.

How to access vehicles' important systems

While sitting in the driver's seat with the ignition set to On, you should check: Your headlights (low- and high-beam) Your turn signals and brake lights Your windshield wipers Your heating and A/C system Your emergency lights Your dashboard indicators

Effects of Higher BAC (Higher than 0.15%)

With a 0.20% BAC, you'll experience a loss of alertness and an onset of drowsiness and lethargy. With a 0.30% BAC, you'll fall into a stupor and risk falling into a comatose state. With a 0.40% BAC, you'll be at risk of death caused by suppressed respiration or an erratic heartbeat. With a 0.50% BAC, breathing and heart functions can become so depressed that they cease and death from alcohol poisoning becomes very likely. A male who weighs 150 lbs and consumes twelve drinks in the span of two hours can increase his BAC to 0.50%.

Under Texas law, you must be of a certain age to be employed in a position that requires you to handle alcohol:

You must be 16 to sell beer or wine at a retail facility (e.g. a liquor or grocery store) where alcohol is not consumed. You must be 21 to sell spirits at a retail facility where alcohol is not consumed. You must be 18 to work as a server or bartender providing alcoholic beverages to customers at a restaurant or bar where alcohol is consumed.

What lane to choose when you are driving in a road with three or more lanes

You should always drive within a lane that is (a) appropriate for the maneuver you intend to perform next (e.g. turning, parking, cruising, etc.), and (b) the least congested lane from which you can perform that maneuver.When you are driving on a road with three or more lanes, choose the lane that has the smoothest flow of traffic. In general, this will be a middle lane. Use a lane to the left to go faster, pass, or turn left. Use a lane to the right to drive more slowly, turn right, or enter or exit the roadway.

What to do in a hurricane

You'll usually have warning before hurricanes or tornadoes strike. If you do, stay off the road entirely—and if one strikes suddenly, find appropriate shelter as soon as possible. Never attempt to drive through a hurricane or tornado.

what happens when you are fatigued

Your perceptual abilities are impaired Your reaction time is slower Your ability to judge speed and distance is reduced You're more susceptible to highway hypnosis You're more likely to be distracted by yawning or physical discomfort You're more likely to be irritable and to overreact to minor frustrations

Fuel tank

accessed through a door on the left, right, or rear of your car. Be sure to remove the fuel nozzle, replace the gas cap, and securely close the tank door after refueling.

Alcohol's Effect on Judgement

alcohol gives you bad judgment

On position (ignition switch)

all electrical systems are operative including your indicator lights and gauges, which can be checked for malfunctions.

Start position (ignition switch)

all electrical systems are operative including your indicator lights and gauges, which can be checked for malfunctions.

Microsleep

brief, unintentional episodes of sleep that last between a fraction of a second and several seconds. During a microsleep, you may stare blankly, your head may nod and snap back, and your eyes may close for prolonged periods (longer than a blink). Can be especially dangerous because most people don't notice when they experience one. A fatigued person may realize that he or she can't remember what happened during the last few seconds, but dismiss the lapse as nothing more than a moment of "spacing out."

Two point turn

by backing into a driveway on your right, or on the opposite side of the road by driving forward into a driveway on your left.

Heroin

depresses the activity of the central nervous system, clouding a user's capacity to think critically. It can slow reaction time, impair simple motor skills, and cause visual distortions. In severe cases, heroin causes stupor, coma, and death.

penalties For a minor's second non-driving alcohol-related offense

fine of up to $500, 20 to 40 hours of community service, and a 60-day license suspension or denial, and may have to attend an alcohol awareness course.

Do Not Enter sign

frequently found along with one way signs and are used to identify one way roads, expressway entrances, and other roadways that cannot be entered from the location where the sign is posted.

Traction

friction between your tires and the surface of the road This force is created by the weight of your car pushing the tires down onto the road surface. allows you to accelerate, brake, and change directions.The faster you drive, the less __ your wheels have with the road. With decreased __, the possibility of skidding increases.

The times you are required by law to drive with headlights

from a half-hour after sunset to a half-hour before sunrise, or any time you cannot see people or other vehicles clearly from a distance of 1000 ft.

Traffic control devices

igns, traffic signals, and road markings that guide traffic

Lights to use when behind a truck

low-beam

effective dosage

provide the greatest benefit

Highway Transportation System (HTS)

vast network of roads; consists of federal, state, local, and individual roads, as well as the people and vehicles that use and maintain these roads (includes walkers)

What happens when you are distracted

your response and reaction time will be significantly slowed. Even a slight delay in reaction time is enough to make the difference between a near-crash and a fatal collision.Moreover, if you're distracted while traveling at high speeds, you're more likely to have problems staying in your lane, endangering yourself and others on the road.

Amount of space you should leave between car and bicycle

3-4 feet Always leave enough space across the roadway (usually three to four feet) to allow bicyclists to pass safely. If you need to pass a bicyclist, leave him or her enough room to maneuver to avoid unexpected activity (such as an opening door) or road conditions (such as a pothole).Whenever changing lanes or entering traffic, check around your car carefully for bicyclists. Use your horn to warn cyclists if you anticipate a potential conflict.

speed limit buses are limited to

50 mph, or 60 mph on numbered highways if they've passed a commercial vehicle inspection.

When you are passed by an emergency vehicle, you should maintain a following distance behind it of __________ . A. 100 ft B. 250 ft C. 500 ft

500 ft

Chance of getting in a fatal collision as a driver with BAC of 0.05% versus drivers with no alcohol

Drivers with a BAC of 0.05% are about five times as likely to be involved in a fatal collision than drivers with no alcohol in their bloodstream.

How to ensure safety when turning

Check for traffic control devices prohibiting your maneuver Activate your signal at least 100 ft before you intend to turn Confirm that there's a gap large enough for you to complete the turn Stay in the same lane as you execute the turn Watch for pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorcyclists Exercise extra caution if your view is blocked

Exception to the driver turning left on a red light

Drivers turning left may not do so at a red light unless the road they are driving in and the road they are planning to enter are both one-way streets.

Which of the steps of the SEE IT system is most affected by the way that alcohol impairs your muscle movements? A. Estimate B. Evaluate C. Execute

Execute

Which of the following is a dangerous driving attitude? A. Exhibitionism B. Foresight C. Humor

Exhibitionism

D (Automatic Transmission Settings)

This is the automatic forward gear. In most traffic conditions, including situations when you must stop frequently, the transmission should be set to this gear.

Dehydration

This leads to a higher BAC after drinking a given amount of alcohol.

Low body fat

This leads to a lower BAC after drinking a given amount of alcohol.

Why it is hard to measure the impairment due to alcohol

Two drinks of the same size may contain different amounts of alcohol. Two people consuming the same amount of alcohol may absorb different amounts into their bloodstream. Two people with the same amount of alcohol in their bloodstream may experience different levels of impairment.

what to do if your car starts to skid

Turn your steering wheel in the direction of the skid. Do not slam the brakes. Slow your car by taking your foot off the accelerator.

In which of the following situations must you cross at least two different streams of opposing traffic? A. Changing lanes B. Turning left C. Turning right

Turning left

Yaw

Turning the steering wheel excessively or abruptly may cause weight to shift to the side of the vehicle, making it spin to the left or right around its center of gravity. This is known as __.

dry steering

Turning wheels when stopped (can cause unnecessary wear on your tires and cause damage to the components of your car's steering system.)

Proof

Twice the amount of alcohol

What to do If you smell an unusual odor coming from your car

don't drive it until you've had the problem diagnosed and fixed. Your car may have a problem that makes it dangerous to drive.

another name for depressants

downers

Construction signs

draw the attention of the driver to roadwork or a closure on the road ahead.

If the traffic circle uses more than one lane (right of way)

drivers on the outside of the circle should yield to drivers on the inside of the circle, unless they are directed otherwise by a sign or traffic signal.

At any traffic signal that is inoperative

each driver must stop before proceeding. The same right-of-way rules that would apply at a stop sign apply when a traffic signal at an intersection is inactive.

Fetal alcohol syndrome

occurs when a woman uses alcohol during her pregnancy. The child of a woman who drinks during pregnancy is likely to be born with permanent physical or mental disabilities, or both.

Prohibitory signs (Regulatory signs)

square white signs that feature a black symbol under a red circle and slash, meaning "NO", to indicate that the action or vehicle represented by the symbol is prohibited.

Do Not Enter sign (shape; Regulatory signs)

square-shaped with a red circle design

Reaction time

How long it takes you to execute the decision

annual cost of drug abuse

cost the nation over $193 billion.

Equation for calculating BAC

% BAC = ((Alcohol × (8 or 10)) / Weight) - (0.015 × Time)

Compromising lane position

Changing lanes or moving over within the same lane to accommodate other vehicles

Survey on texting and emailing

52% of U.S. drivers between 18 and 29 years of age reported that they text or e-mail while driving "regularly" or "fairly often".Moreover, over 25% of these drivers reported texting or e-mailing while driving at least once in the past 30 days.

How long drivers under 18 must hold instructor's permit

6 months (The driver must complete these requirements and hold the instruction permit for at least six months before he or she is allowed to proceed to Phase Two. In addition, a driver must be 16 years old in order to enter Phase Two of the GDL program.)

Drivers age 15 to 20 accounted for roughly ____% of the population of licensed drivers in 2009, and accounted for 19% of all alcohol-impaired drivers in fatal collisions.

6.5% (Drivers age 15 to 20 accounted for roughly 6.5% of the population of licensed drivers in 2009, and accounted for 19% of all alcohol-impaired drivers in fatal collisions.)

Prima facie speed limits on numbered highways and farm-to-market roads

70 mph

How many lives were lost every year due in the United States to excessive alcohol use

87,798 lives were lost every year due in the United States to excessive alcohol use (That's the equivalent of one person dying as a result of alcohol use every six minutes.)

BAC's relation to chance of dying in a single vehicle collision

A BAC of 0.015% to 0.049% increases a young driver's risk of dying in a single vehicle collision 2.5 times. A BAC of 0.05% to 0.079% increases a young driver's risk of dying in a single vehicle collision 9 times. A BAC of 0.08% to 0.099% increases a young driver's risk of dying in a single vehicle collision 40 times. A BAC of 0.10% to 0.149% increases a young driver's risk of dying in a single vehicle collision 90 times. A BAC of 0.15% or greater increases a young driver's risk of dying in a single vehicle collision 420 times.

When to hit the horn

A distracted driver fails to proceed within several seconds of the light turning green A driver is traveling down the street in the wrong direction A driver begins to enter an intersection you have already entered You are unable to avoid driving in another car's blind spot and it is moving into your lane You are approaching an intersection around a blind corner You have lost control of your car and cannot stop it safely

When the driver is at a T-intersection (right of way)

A driver on the road that ends must yield to traffic in or approaching the intersection along the continuing road and proceed only when he or she can enter the intersection without colliding with traffic.

penalties for Class B misdemeanor (third offense for ages 17-21)

A jail term of up to 180 days A fine of between $500 and $2,000 Between 40 and 60 hours of community service Mandatory attendance of an Alcohol Awareness Program A suspension or denial of your drivers license for 180 days The penalties for this crime cannot be reduced or deferred and you will not be eligible to obtain an occupational license.

Amount of miles a train traveling at 55 mph needs to stop

A mile

How To clear fog from your windows in cold and rainy weather

Activate your car's defroster and turn off air recirculation. This helps move humidity outside of the vehicle. To clear fog as fast as possible, turn air speed to high and choose the lowest temperature setting. When dealing with mild fog, you can use hot air to evaporate the condensation while keeping the inside of your vehicle more comfortable.

why you should use the hazard lights

Activate your hazard lights to inform others on the road of trouble with your car or an emergency situation.

Consequences of marijuana

After consuming marijuana, drivers are more likely to react passively rather than defensively to a dangerous situation on the road. Moreover, marijuana can shorten a person's attention span and cause him or her to drive slowly, disrupting traffic flow.Marijuana also disrupts a user's sense of time and distance. As a result, drivers who have been using marijuana often have difficulty judging adequate passing, following, and stopping distances.

Example of depressants

Alcohol Antihistamines Muscle relaxants Pain relievers Tranquilizers, such as Seconal and Xanax Opioids, such as heroin and OxyContin

Ways alcohol affects brain

Alcohol disrupts your memory, causing you to forget where you are, where you're going, what you were talking about, why you're doing something, and much more. Alcohol distracts you from the present, causing you to think about unimportant things that are unrelated to your current situation. Alcohol makes you less alert, reducing your ability to perceive and think ahead. You'll think less often and less critically about both the short-term and long-term implications of your actions and the events going on around you.

When to deactivate passenger airbag

An infant under one year old or a child between one and twelve must ride in the front because there is no rear seat, the rear seat is too small for a child safety seat or is occupied by younger children, or the child has a medical condition that makes it necessary A passenger has a medical condition that makes them more susceptible to harm from the air bag

Newton's First Law (inertia)

An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an outside force.An object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

Causes of aggressive driving

Anger, stress, Impatience

ways in which other depressants differ from alcohol

Antihistamines are often more likely to produce dizziness and confusion before significant loss of physical coordination. Many pain relievers cause poor pupil function more quickly. Tranquilizers used to treat anxiety, like Valium and Xanax, tend to have stronger effects of detachment or aggression. Tranquilizers used to sedate the body, like Seconal and Nembutal, tend to cause a more severe loss of muscle control.

Driving Under the Influence as a Minor

Any driver under 21 who is found to have been driving with any detectable amount of alcohol in his or her system will face a fine of up to $500, up to 40 hours of community service (or 60 hours for subsequent offenses), and a license suspension of at least 60 days for a first offense, 120 days for a second offense, and 180 days for third and subsequent offenses.

Driver distraction

Any non-driving activity that a driver engages in while operating a motor vehicle

How to drive through a curve

Apply firm pressure to the brakes as you approach the curve and gradually decrease pressure until you reach the center of the curve—braking sharply once you're in the curve is unsafe Begin to accelerate gently once you have traveled about halfway through the curve, or when the road ahead becomes visible Avoid speeding, braking, or steering suddenly or excessively, as this may cause traction loss and lead to a collision

threshold braking

Applying as much pressure to the brake pedal as you can without causing your wheels to lock. In cars with antilock brakes, simply pressing the brake pedal as hard as you can should provide you with enough traction to stop or maneuver your car quickly.

How much traffic fatalities are caused by impaired driving alone

Around one-third of all traffic fatalities are caused by impaired driving alone

How alcohol impairs mental faculties

Attention: Your ability to concentrate, especially on multiple things at once, will be diminished. Memory: With a BAC as low as 0.03%, you will start to become unable to store and retain information. Emotions: As you become more intoxicated, you will lose control of your emotions. Aggression: You will become more prone to aggressive behavior, especially in competitive situations

How to avoid highway hypnosis

Avoid driving more than eight hours on any day. Stop driving at least once every two hours or once every one hundred miles of driving. Get out of your car and clear your head. Scan the road continuously rather than focus on a fixed spot on the road.

After impairing memory, focus, and reasoning, alcohol next causes a deterioration in __________. A. breathing B. basic muscle control C. hearing

Basic muscle control

tips for sharing the road with bicycles and motorcycles

Be careful around large vehicles, as one may be blocking your view of a cyclist and his or her view of you. Air turbulence affects cyclists when they pass cars just as it affects cars when they pass large trucks. Leave extra space around your car as you pass. Cyclists have shorter braking distances, so leave extra following distance when driving behind one. Always check for cyclists before you open the door of your car into the roadway.

What it means about alcohol because a significant amount of blood Is pumped through the brain

Because a significant amount of blood is pumped through the brain, it is especially affected by alcohol when you have a high BAC.

When you should adjust your speed

Being tailgated Driving on a slippery road or in poor visibility conditions Transporting heavy cargo or pulling a trailer Following a large vehicle that is harder to see around Approaching a railroad crossing behind a bus or vehicle carrying hazardous materials Approaching a curve or the crest of a hill Merging onto an expressway

how vision is affected by drinking alcohol

Central vision, peripheral vision, and night vision are all impaired by alcohol. This is especially dangerous considering that most people who have been drinking drive at night. Alcohol can also cause blurred or double vision, making it difficult or impossible to judge distances. The headlights of an oncoming car can dazzle a drunk driver because his or her pupils cannot adjust from darkness to light quickly.

Engine Coolant

Check the coolant reservoir to make sure that there is sufficient coolant to keep your car from overheating. Coolant should be flushed and replaced every 24 months, or 30,000 miles.

How to turn to the right

Check the intersection, your mirrors, and your blind spots for other road users. Activate your left turn signal to give drivers ahead of and behind you sufficient notice that you plan to turn. As you approach the intersection, your car should be about three to six inches from the yellow dividing line in the middle of the road. Lightly depress your brake pedal to slow down and advance to the center of the intersection. Double-check that it is safe to turn. Remain in the intersection with your tires straight until your path is clear. Remove your foot from the brake and steer your car towards the lane you intend to enter using the hand-to-hand steering technique. Position your car in the left lane. (Exit the left lane as soon as you can)

What chronic users of cocaine may experience

Chronic users may experience restlessness, confusion, paranoia, insomnia, and depression.The body will also change the way it sends signals about things like pain and hunger. This causes chronic aches and itching, and a constant urge to eat.

Sources of financial costs of collisions

Costs of fatalities, including a life of lost productivity Costs of injuries and medical care Costs of insurance Costs of public service announcements Legal Costs (Courts can't be used for other things) Travel Delay Property Damage Law Enforcement

Any action you may be cited for is one that: A. Could have caused a collision B. Could result in a license suspension C. Must be shown to have caused harm

Could have caused a collision

Many recognition and decision errors that lead to a collision occur because the driver: A. Couldn't process everything on the road B. Felt anger towards other road users C. Had problems manipulating vehicle controls

Couldn't process everything on the road

How to exit angle parking

Depress the brake pedal, activate the engine, release the parking brake, and signal the direction you intend to turn. Check your mirrors and look over your shoulder for vehicle or pedestrian traffic. Shift your transmission to reverse. Back up in a straight line until the back of your seat is aligned with the rear bumper of the car next to you. Turn your steering wheel slowly in the direction you want the back of your car to turn. Once your front bumper has cleared the car opposite your turn, reverse your steering movement to straighten your wheels and shift the transmission to the appropriate forward gear.

How to exit a perpendicular space by backing up

Depress the brake pedal, activate the engine, release the parking brake, and signal the direction you intend to turn. Check your mirrors and look over your shoulder for vehicle or pedestrian traffic. Shift your transmission to reverse. Back up in a straight line until your front bumper is aligned with the rear bumper of the car next to you. Turn your steering wheel slowly in the direction you want the back of your car to turn. Once your front bumper has cleared the car opposite your turn, reverse your steering sharply so you don't hit the other car. Once you are out of the parking space, straighten your wheels and shift the transmission to the appropriate forward gear.

Muscle relaxants, pain relievers, and opioids are __________. A. stimulants B. depressants C. hallucinogens

Depressants

Collapsible steering columns

Designed to telescope in on itself in a collision, the collapsible steering column keeps the driver from being impaled.

What to do when being passed

Do not increase your speed Stay in your lane Move as far to the right within your lane as you can safely

If you have doubt

Don't proceed

Problem with smoking behind the wheel

Everyone knows that smoking can kill you by damaging your lungs and other vital organs, including your brain, heart, and spine. Yet it's important to realize that smoking can also cause your death by distracting you behind the wheel.When you smoke, one of your hands will be constantly occupied with your cigarette, making it impossible for you to maintain control of your steering wheel with both hands. Moreover, tobacco is a drug that can influence your mental state and physical abilities. The chief psychoactive ingredient in tobacco is nicotine, a central nervous system stimulant that can cause shaking, restlessness, and compulsive movement. It can also lead to nervousness, anxiety, and distractibility.Cigarette smoke also contains carbon monoxide. If your windows are closed, the combination of carbon monoxide from your cigarette and your car's exhaust could cause you to become dangerously unfocused or fatigued.

Before you drive aggressively through a traffic jam, you should remember that: A. Everyone else is in the same situation B. Everyone else may try to imitate you C. Everyone else will sympathize with you

Everyone else is in the same situation

True or False: When you apply for your drivers license, you won't be asked to identify any permanent or ongoing physical or mental conditions

False When you apply for your drivers license, you'll be asked to identify any permanent or ongoing physical or mental conditions which may interfere with your ability to operate a motor vehicle safely. Individuals with such impairments must provide a statement from a physician indicating that they are capable of driving safely. Consult your physician about whether or not you should drive if you have a permanent disability or medical condition that may affect your driving. Drivers with such conditions must identify them when applying for a license. Your license may be revoked if you respond untruthfully to any question asked on the license application.

number of temporary causes of impaired vision that can affect your driving ability

Fatigue Smoking Alcohol and drug use Illnesses, even minor ones like allergies and colds

two general principles that drivers must follow to make this situation safe for all roadway users.

First in, first out Yield to the right

How Drinking affects your mental abilities and muscular reactions, making you slow and clumsy

First, your higher learning center will be affected, causing a loss of memory, focus, reason, and judgment. Next, your muscle control will deteriorate as your reflexes and coordination are disrupted. With enough alcohol, your brain will become unable to send signals strong enough to control your vital organs, resulting in your death.

Snow chains

For more extremely snowy or icy situations, driving safely requires the installation of snow chains. Attach one set to each of your vehicle's drive wheels, and to all four wheels when conditions are bad enough.Snow chains must be matched to your tire's diameter and tread width. They won't work if they're loose, and they'll break if you drive too far on dry pavement.Snow chains aren't for driving at full speed on snow and ice. Drive slowly and with extra caution when conditions call for snow chains.

Legal penalties in Zero Tolerance Laws for Teens

Furnishing alcohol to a minor: An adult who sells alcohol to or purchases an alcoholic beverage for a minor is guilty of a Zero Tolerance offense. He or she can be punished by a fine of up to $4,000 and a jail term of up to a one year. Drug convictions: In addition to the other penalties you may face, your license can be suspended for up to six months if you are convicted of violating the Texas Controlled Substances Act.

What makes someone be considered intoxicated

He or she does not have the normal use of mental or physical faculties because of the introduction of a controlled substance, a drug, a combination of two or more of those substances, or any other substance into the body. He or she has a BAC of 0.08% or higher.

Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)

How concentration of alcohol in the bloodstream is measured For example, if a person's blood is found to have 8 parts of alcohol for every 10,000 parts of blood, he or she registers a 0.08% BAC: 8/10,000 = 0.0008. This is equivalent to 8 grams of alcohol per 100 ml blood.

What to make sure before making a U-turn

However, U-turns cannot be completed on narrow roads.Before making a U-turn, make sure the road is wide enough and that you can safely complete the maneuver without interference. If you are not sure whether you can make a U-turn safely, don't.

Why many alcohol drinkers perceive that they have been energized by alcohol

However, because the earliest effects of alcohol consumption include poor judgment and decreased inhibition, many drinkers of alcohol perceive that they've been energized or stimulated.Don't be fooled by these effects. Alcohol saps your energy, blocks the free flow of thoughts, and degrades your ability to control your own muscles. Any stimulation felt is illusory, caused by a failure to properly understand the current state of your faculties.

Differences between Class C misdemeanor (second offense) and Class C misdemeanor (third offense)

However, for third offense, your license may remain suspended or denied until you turn 19. Moreover, your case may be transferred to Juvenile Court as Delinquent Conduct.

What to do if you constantly feel tired

If you constantly feel tired or have a hard time staying awake during the day, consult a physician to determine whether you have one of these disorders and if it is safe for you to drive.

what to do if you are in a intersection and you are already in the other car's path of travel (who is not in the same lane as you but perpendicular)

If you're already in the other car's path of travel, speed up to remove yourself from their path until you reach the other side of the intersection.

Merge Area (What expressway roadways include)

Immediately following the acceleration lane, the merge area is identified by a broken white line. It is in this area that you are allowed to change lanes to merge with expressway traffic.You may only attempt to merge over a broken white line.

When it is illegal to stop or park (You may stop in these places, but not stand or park there.)

In front of a driveway Within 15 ft of an intersection without a marked crosswalk Within 20 ft of a crosswalk Within 30 ft of a stop sign, traffic signal, or flashing traffic beacon Within 50 ft of a railroad crossing

Methods of drug administration

Ingestion, or oral administration Injection into muscle or the bloodstream Inhalation into the lungs Absorption—direct absorption through the skin, nasal cavity, lining of the mouth or rectum, or eyes

What drivers with road rage may do

Intentionally hit or appear to hit another vehicle with their own Open a car door to cause an approaching bicyclist to crash into it Exit their vehicle in traffic to threaten another driver Pull close to or cut off another driver Speed up when someone tries to pass Deliberately brake suddenly Tailgate another car

Method of absorption drug administration

Intranasal: through mucous membranes in the nose (include destruction of the nasal septum—the cartilage that separates the left and right nostrils—and permanent loss of sense of smell.) Oral: through the lining of the mouth Rectal: through the lining of the rectum and large intestine (can cause increased risk of overdose, since the large intestine is much more efficient than the stomach at pulling chemicals into the bloodstream.) Transdermal: through the skin Oral and transdermal absorption can result in a strong discoloration of the teeth and skin

At high speeds

It becomes harder to notice potential hazards because the environment is changing so quickly. Your peripheral vision is reduced greatly The distance you will travel while making a decision will increase.

Benefits to listening to stereo

Lessening the monotony of driving with pleasant music and engaging programming Providing access to important news, including updates on weather and traffic conditions Keeping the driver's mind engaged so that his or her senses do not become dulled or fatigued

How to reduce risks on entrance ramps

Look at the speed limit sign as you enter the ramp and adjust your speed appropriately. Be especially careful on entrance ramps with sharp curves. Be sure you're in the correct lane to enter the expressway (on some ramps, another lane will lead back to the roadway). Be ready for slow or stopped traffic on the ramp or expressway. Avoid stopping abruptly or encroaching on traffic ahead of you.

How to make a right turn

Make sure that the front of your car has passed the curve in the curb Check the area of the road where you are planning to turn Remove your foot from the brake Enter the intersection slowly and steer your car around the corner As you turn, stay as close as possible to the right edge of the road Position yourself in the right lane Straighten your steering wheel and accelerate gently until you reach normal speed Check your mirrors Deactivate your turn signal if it is still activated

what to do before making a right turn

Make sure that the turn is legally permitted Check the intersection, your mirrors, and your blind spots for other road users Activate your right turn signal Lightly press your brake and reduce your speed Double-check for other road users Move to the right of your lane

Windshield Wiper Fluid

Make sure you have enough wiper fluid so that you can clean dust and grime from your windshield. The more often you use your wipers, the more often you must replace your wiper fluid.

Effects of a 0.15% BAC

Near complete loss of muscle control and balance Nausea, vomiting, and a potentially fatal drop in body temperature Life threatening reductions in respiration and heart rate Inability to control your vehicle Severe detachment from and inability to understand the current driving environments.

When children can stop using booster seat

Once a child reaches 8 years old or 4'9" tall, he or she no longer needs to be secured in a safety seat. However, the driver is still responsible for making sure that the child is properly secured by a seat belt.

Rule on attending to situations on the road

Only look at situations on the road for as long as is necessary to drive safely.

devices that are used in construction zones to channel traffic,

Orange cones, tubes, and drums marked with white stripes to indicate areas of the road where driving is forbidden Flashing arrow panels that can direct traffic during day and night and quickly be adjusted as work progresses Barricades and panels that are sometimes marked with diagonal white and orange stripes pointing to a potential hazard

what to do when oversteering occurs

Oversteering is more likely when using hand-over-hand steering. You may be able to anticipate oversteering by paying attention to the movement of the back of the car: if it starts to swing out, you should correct your steering immediately.

How your car should remain as you near an intersection

Parallel to the curb

Why you should never leave a child in car (other than it is unsafe)

Parents, legal guardians, or other persons responsible for a child may be criminally charged under existing child endangerment laws.

When parking on a hill, you should set your transmission to

Park if your car has an automatic transmission. This should keep the wheels from rolling even if the parking brake fails. First Gear if facing uphill and Reverse if facing downhill if your car has a manual transmission. This ensures it will cause the fewest problems if it starts to roll.

double parking (illegal)

Parking in the road beside a parked car

Sources of driving stress

Passengers, running late, Heavy Traffic or Bad Weather, parking, getting lost

What Alcohol's effects on mood and emotion are influenced by

Personality: Alcohol will affect outgoing people, shy people, competitive people, reckless people, and other types of people differently. Mood: The mood a person is in when he or she starts drinking will affect how he or she responds to alcohol. For instance, anger affects the same part of the brain as alcohol, so if you drink when you're angry, you'll feel both your anger and the effects of alcohol more strongly. Experience: A person with less experience will be less able to deal with being impaired and less likely to realize when he or she is too drunk to drive. Fatigue: Alcohol acts much more quickly on a person who's physically or mentally tired. Medications: When combined with prescription or over-the-counter drugs, alcohol can have amplified or unpredictable effects. Illness: If your immune system is already compromised, drinking alcohol can be especially dangerous Psychology: Alcohol can have severe effects on a person suffering from depression or other psychological problems.

Drugs under Schedule II

Phencyclidine (PCP) Cocaine Ritalin Adderall Amphetamines, including methamphetamine Opium and other opiates and opioids including methadone, oxycodone, morphine, and codeine Some of the more potent barbiturates including secobarbital, pentobarbital, and Nembutal

People affected by drunk drivers

Police offers often have to pull over another vehicle for possible traffic offenses. While walking between vehicles on the side of the road, officers are unprotected and are often struck by other drivers. Construction workers often must spend several hours a day working on the side of the road. Warning signs are intended to prevent injuries to construction workers, but these warnings are not always seen or heeded. Crossing guards, on-street traffic police, and paramedics also spend time on the roadway as a part of their job. All such workers are at a greater risk of being struck by a vehicle.

People authorized to direct traffic

Police officers Construction workers Crossing guards

Metabolism

This is responsible for 95% of the body's elimination of alcohol.

What to do when driving in black ice

Prepare for this extremely treacherous form of ice by driving slowly at all times. Pay attention to the outside air temperature, and to road features like shadows and bridges.

An ambulance with flashing lights and sirens approaches the blue car from behind. What should the driver of the blue car do?

Pull over to the right side of the road and stop as soon as it is safe, continuing only when the ambulance has passed.

Penalties for Intoxication Manslaughter: 2nd Degree Felony

Punishable with a fine of up to $10,000, a jail sentence between 2 and 20 years, and a 180-day to 2-year license suspension

Penalties for DUI, 3rd offense—Drivers age 17 to 20:Class B Misdemeanor

Punishable with a fine of up to $2,000, 40 to 60 hours of community service, a 180-day license suspension, and no eligibility for an occupational license A driver's fourth and all subsequent DUI offenses will be punished at this level.

Penalties for DWI, 1st offense: Class B Misdemeanor

Punishable with a fine of up to $2,000, a jail sentence between 72 hours and 180 days, and a 90- to 365-day license suspension

Penalties for DWI, 2nd offense: Class A Misdemeanor

Punishable with a fine of up to $4,000, a jail sentence between 30 days and 1 year, and a 180-day to 2-year license suspension

Penalties for DUI, 1st offense—Drivers under 21: Class C Misdemeanor

Punishable with a fine of up to $500, 20 to 40 hours of community service, a 60-day license suspension, and 30 days of ineligibility for an occupational license

Penalties for DUI, 2nd offense—Drivers under 21: Class C Misdemeanor

Punishable with a fine of up to $500, 40 to 60 hours of community service, a 120-day license suspension, and 90 days of ineligibility for an occupational license

Penalties for DUI, 3rd offense—Drivers age 16 and under: Class C Misdemeanor

Punishable with a fine of up to $500, 40 to 60 hours of community service, and license suspension of 180 days or more, plus potential referral to Juvenile Court

What Zero Tolerance law makes illegal for minors

Purchase alcohol Attempt to purchase alcohol, even when unsuccessful Consume alcohol Possess alcohol

Zero Tolerance law for those under 21

Purchase or attempt to purchase an alcoholic beverage: You can be charged for trying to buy alcohol even if no money changes hands. Possess an alcoholic beverage: You can be found guilty of possession just for being in the vicinity of alcohol. Consume an alcoholic beverage: Drinking alcohol is illegal no matter how you acquired the drink. Be intoxicated in public: You will face penalties for being intoxicated in a public place. While you're under 21, your parent, guardian, or spouse is legally allowed to furnish you with alcohol as long as he or she remains present when you consume the drink. If you're drinking with friends, you won't be charged for a Zero Tolerance offense if you have to call 911 to report an incident of alcohol poisoning, as long as you are the first to call and you remain on the scene until paramedics arrive.

How aggressive drivers may actively challenge or harass other drivers

Revving their engine while tailgating to pressure another driver to speed up or move over Indicating their disapproval towards another driver with a hostile stare Yelling, making insulting gestures, or becoming physically violent Braking in front of a tailgater or entering a lane of traffic in front of another driver and stopping suddenly, a practice known as brake checking

After a person has been drinking for a long time, his or her liver will become: A. Able to break down alcohol very efficiently B. Scarred and unable to filter alcohol as well C. Unable to function without the presence of alcohol

Scarred and unable to filter alcohol as well

PCP, cocaine, and opium are placed in __________ of the Controlled Substances Act. A. Schedule I B. Schedule II C. Schedule IV

Schedule II

Why personal care tasks are bad behind the wheel

Shaving involves sustained use of at least one hand while looking at yourself in a mirror. You may drop your razor or cut yourself with a blade. Fixing your hair involves taking a hand from the wheel and moving it around your head in such a way that your view of the road will be limited. Brushing and flossing your teeth involves removing one or both hands from the steering wheel. Applying make-up requires far more precision control or attention to detail than you can afford while driving. You may try switching between different cosmetics, and if you hit a bump while applying eyeliner or mascara, you could seriously injure your eye. Adjusting jewelry or a tie will divert your attention from the road. Adjusting your contact lenses requires extreme care. If you drop a contact lens while driving, you'll either have to search for your missing lens or drive with blurry vision in one eye, both of which are very dangerous

The Problem With Young Drivers Having Greater Interest In Taking risks

Some young drivers have a greater interest in taking risks. This behavior causes drivers to make more mistakes, needlessly increasing their already serious risk of causing a fatal collision. To help yourself avoid this deadly behavior, remember that you bet your life on the risks you take behind the wheel.

Dangerous driving behaviors that are indicative of aggressive drivers

Speeding, especially when traffic is slowed Weaving between lanes or changing lanes frequently Suddenly accelerating, braking, or changing lanes, especially when passing another vehicle Failing to signal when turning or changing lanes Tailgating, especially when done repeatedly or when combined with honking Blocking another vehicle attempting to change lanes or merge Honking excessively, often at road users who are driving safely Ignoring traffic control devices, including running red lights and stop signs, failing to obey turn lane markings, and changing lanes across solid lines

What you should do if an aggressive driver decides to follow you

Stay calm Flash your lights and honk your horn to draw others' attention Drive to a safe spot such as a police station or a crowded location Stay in your car If an aggressive driver gets out of his or her car and approaches yours, don't get out of your car. Call the police or, if it is safe, drive away while the aggressive driver is unable to follow you.

what to do for a safe traffic stop

Stay in your car with your seat belt fastened and your hands on the top of your steering wheel Tell the officer where your license, registration, and proof of insurance are before you reach for them Remain in your car unless requested by the officer Always act in a courteous and polite manner Instruct your passengers to be cooperative and to keep their hands in a visible place

You'll have better chances of staying alive and being rescued if you:

Stay inside your vehicle. You'll be warmer and have a much better chance of being located. Keep warm. Cover your head to conserve body heat, and perform some physical exercise regularly. Don't consume any alcohol—it lowers your body temperature. Run your car's heater for 15 minutes every hour, and use all available materials to increase insulation. Make yourself visible. Activate your hazard flashers, tie a bright cloth to your antenna, and periodically turn on headlights and cabin lights at night. Prevent carbon monoxide poisoning.Clear snow from your exhaust pipe regularly, and don't run the engine unless a window is opened slightly.

Roll

Steering affects a vehicle's side-to-side balance. A vehicle's weight will shift to the left or right side depending on its speed and the amount of steering input. This movement to the left or right is known as __.

How rolling works

Steering to the right will cause a vehicle to roll to the left, while steering to the left will cause a vehicle to roll to the right. This may be the easiest balance shift to feel with your kinasthetic sense. As you turn left, you will feel yourself lean toward the right.

Trumpet Interchange

T-intersection where an expressway comes to an end at an intersection. Trumpet interchanges allow traffic to transition smoothly between a secondary, two-way street and the major roadway while keeping the flows of traffic separate.

According to the Texas Department of Transportation's 2013 data, a person is over ____ ____ more likely to be killed when involved in a DUI-related crash than when involved in a non-DUI-related crash.

Ten times

Which of the following situations does not call for adjusting your lane position? A. The car ahead of you is turning B. Traffic is entering your lane C. You're driving in the lane beside the centerline

The car ahead of you is turning

What happens if a person continues to inhale carbon monoxide after passing out

The concentration of carbon monoxide and the duration of exposure will influence how severely a person is affected. When exposed to higher levels of carbon monoxide, a person may lose consciousness. If a person continues to inhale carbon monoxide after passing out, he or she faces a high risk of death.

transmission system

The connection between a car's engine and wheels is controlled by the transmission system. Every transmission system has several gears which control how fast the vehicle's wheels turn.In lower gears, the speed your car can travel at is limited but you will have more engine power for tasks like traveling up an incline or transporting a heavy load. You should apply pressure to the accelerator pedal lightly except when you need extra power.

Why driving at night is a bad idea

The human eye is poorly suited to night vision, suffering impairments in depth perception, color recognition, and peripheral vision. Judging speed and distance based on visual information is also more difficult in the dark.In addition, features of the driving environment are more difficult to discern. You'll have trouble seeing the contours of the road, lane lines, barriers, traffic signs, obstacles on the road, pedestrians, and other vehicles. Even headlights, necessary in dim or dark conditions, can be blinding and disorienting.

Why it is easier stopping uphill than downhill

The kinetic energy of an object is constantly influenced by the effects of other natural forces. For example, gravity will decrease a car's kinetic energy when traveling uphill and increase its kinetic energy when traveling downhill. This is why it is easier to stop your car driving uphill than it is driving downhill.

Age DUI is reserved for

Under 21 Because it is illegal for minors to drive with any amount of alcohol in their system, the presence of any detectable amount of alcohol in a young driver's body is enough to prove that he or she was "influenced" by alcohol. An officer's testimony that he or she could smell alcohol on the driver's breath is enough to obtain a DUI conviction.

Constant Radius Curves

require drivers to maintain the same turning radius throughout the curve and are generally easier to see through.

What not to assume when it comes to buses

While you shouldn't assume a bus will stop at every stop, you should watch its signals and be ready to stop or move over when necessary.

What high doses of tobacco does to a driver

With higher doses, however, it can cause increased anxiety, uncomfortable restlessness, and an inability to focus. In combination with the other chemicals found in tobacco products such as cigarettes and chews, nicotine is highly addictive.

The "per se" BAC limit for drivers means that __________. A. impaired driving is legal with a BAC below 0.08% B. drivers must measure a 0.08% BAC before they can be arrested for DWI C. a BAC of 0.08% or higher constitutes a DWI

a BAC of 0.08% or higher constitutes a DWI

nearsighted

a condition in which nearby objects are seen more clearly than distant objects because distant objects focus in front of the retina (vision can range from 20/40 to 20/200 or more)

Two components of expressway exits

a deceleration lane and an exit ramp. Use the deceleration lane to reduce your speed to merge with slower traffic on the roadway. An EXIT ONLY lane becomes a deceleration lane when it splits from the expressway. The exit ramp connects the deceleration lane to the roadway. It may be curved, uphill, or downhill.

expressway

a divided arterial highway with full control of access and no crossings at grade. This means that drivers can only enter expressways at designated places, because there are no other roads intersecting an expressway. As a result, traffic can continue at a rapid speed without stopping or slowing to yield the right-of-way to cross traffic.

What happens when an unpaved road intersects with a paved road,

a driver on the unpaved road must yield to traffic on the paved road.

Failure to yield

among the top causes of motor vehicle collisions in Texas. If a collision results from your failure to yield the right-of-way, you may be held liable even if the law specifies that the other driver should have yielded.

Criminal

any minor who consumes, possesses, or attempts to purchase alcohol If you commit an alcohol- or drug-related crime, you will face severe legal consequences, including a prolonged term in prison. If you're sent to prison, your education may be delayed, you may find it harder to get a job, and you may even lose the right to vote. You may be separated from everyone important to you for years, and by the time you see them again, it may be too late to revive your relationships.

Resistance

any tendency to inhibit motion. The more resistance you need to overcome due to friction, inertia, or other natural forces, the more energy you will need to use to attain the same speed. While resistance tends to inhibit motion, it is also necessary to overcome inertia to initiate motion. A car is propelled forward by the force of its tires pushing against the resistance created by the road surface: the car begins moving only after the force exceeds the inertia.

Antilock Braking Systems (ABS)

apply a consistent pumping action to the brakes and detect if a wheel is about to lock.

Target Area Range, or Visual Lead Area

area about 20 to 30 seconds ahead of you

One problem that designated drivers often face is __________ . A. a feeling of alienation B. dealing with parents C. their own impairment

dealing with parents

Stress

feeling of agitation or anxiety that typically occurs when a person feels overwhelmed by the demands placed on him or her Driving is considered a stressful activity because it frequently requires you to notice, remember, and formulate responses to multiple situations at the same time. If you're already stressed when you get behind the wheel, you may not be able to respond safely to the additional stresses of driving.

Reasons why DPS can suspend your driving

if you are convicted of two or more moving violations within 12 months, or if you are found guilty of certain Family Code, Alcoholic Beverage Code, or Criminal Code violations

Line of Sight (LOT)

imaginary line drawn between your eyes and the object they are viewing

How long it takes to decide to stop

it will take you at least one and a half seconds simply to decide to stop and apply your brakes

Headlights when driving in rural places

it's a good idea to have your headlights activated at all hours of the day, as you'll be better able to see concealed hazards and alert other drivers to your presence on the road.

How to approach a curve

it's best to approach a curve in Lane Position 3, which is the position closest to the right edge of the roadway and farthest from the center line and oncoming traffic

Laws on driving with alcohol in system

it's illegal to drive with a 0.08% BAC or higher. If you're under 21, it's illegal to drive with any measurable amount of alcohol in your blood.Importantly, it's also illegal to drive if you're even slightly impaired by alcohol. If your behavior shows signs of impairment, you may be charged with a DUI even if you register a 0.01% BAC.

Narcolepsy

less likely to sleep soundly through the night and more likely to fall asleep suddenly during the day

what to do When you encounter another driver who is speeding

let him or her pass you

Angle parking

parking spaces that will be positioned at an angle of about 30 degrees from the curb

Traffic break

peace officers will partially or completely block the flow of traffic temporarily to reduce congestion, help a stalled vehicle off the road, or remove a hazard, such as the wreckage from a collision, from the roadway

Controlled Risk Environment

places like empty parking lots where a driver can safely operate his or her car without potential conflicts with other drivers. These environments are ideal for a new driver to practice operating a car without worrying about typical roadway hazards.

Pennant-shaped "No Passing Zone" signs (Warning signs)

posted in advance of sections of the roadway where passing is not allowed. You must not attempt to pass another vehicle as long as you are driving in a no passing zone.These are the only traffic signs in the shape of a pennant.

why Flashing red lights are often posted

posted to warn drivers of an upcoming railroad crossing.

How marijuana enters the body

primarily inhaled as smoke, but it can also be eaten after being infused in food. Inhalation takes the drug to the brain in a matter of seconds, while ingestion delays the effects for half an hour or more.

what small doses of depressants do

produce a feeling of calmness and cause muscles to relax

How ethanol is produced

produced by the fermentation of sugar, which typically comes from grapes, barley, wheat, corn, or other fruits or grains

rapid acceleration

quickly increasing speed

Move Over Law

requires drivers to exercise particular caution as they pass a stopped emergency vehicle with activated lights.When you are driving on a road with multiple lanes, you must move out of the lane closest to the stopped emergency vehicle. If the road only has one lane, slow down. Drive no faster than 20 mph below the speed limit (or to 5 mph if the speed limit is 25 mph or less).

Friction

resistance to movement between two surfaces in contact

In addition to manual distraction, smoking while driving can also cause __________ . A. complacency towards risks B. nausea C. restless movement

restless movement

What to do before passing a car

scan for hazards, check your blind spots, and identify a gap in front of the car ahead of you that you can occupy once you've passed it

When Overhead yellow lights flash on a bus

school bus is still moving but preparing to stop

Target Area

section of the roadway where your target is located, as well as the area to its immediate left and right

SEE IT

stands for Search, Evaluate, Execute in Texas. Search: Scan the road to get the big picture and identify potential hazards within your road space, including changes in road and traffic conditions. Evaluate: Judge where potential conflicts may occur, locate alternative paths to use in an emergency, and determine the best option available to you given current circumstances. Execute: Perform the action most likely to avoid conflicts and prevent hazardous situations.

How drugs are classified

stimulants or depressants

what to do When two vehicles meet on a steep road where neither can pass

the vehicle facing downhill must back up until the vehicle traveling uphill can proceed and pass safely. Because a driver going downhill has the greater amount of control when backing up, he or she can more safely make room for the other driver.

In general, when two vehicles wish to occupy the same space on a roadway

the vehicle on the right should yield to the vehicle on the left

uncontrolled intersections

there are no traffic control devices and drivers must follow standard right-of-way rules. Uncontrolled intersections are usually found in residential areas and others places with light traffic.

Distance (in time) between the cars when you enter an expressway

there must be a gap of at least four seconds between two cars for you to enter, as this will give you about two seconds in front of and behind your car once you enter the expressway.

What it means for traction if your tires are underinflated

they will deform more as you drive and increase your traction with the road, and will provide you a less stable platform for turns.

what it means for traction When tires are overheated

they will expand more and offer less traction. Excess speed or hot roads can increase the temperature of your tires.

only one thing will cause you to sober up

time.

Ethanol

type of alcohol found in beer, wine, whiskey, and other alcoholic beverages

Yellow Circular Advance Warning sign

warns drivers that railroad tracks are ahead. It reminds the driver to slow down, look and listen for a train, and be prepared to stop if a train is approaching. Pavement markings on paved roads near the Yellow Circular Advance Warning sign also alert drivers that the road crosses railroad tracks ahead.

Requirements for riding an ATV

wear a safety helmet and eye protection, be properly licensed, and carry an ATV safety certificate issued by the DPS.

Minor in Possession

what a minor actually holding an alcoholic beverage, as well as one simply in the presence of alcohol, can be convicted as

Negative thoughts aggressive drivers normally think

"Why are these cars going so slow?" "All of these cars are trying to crowd me out!" "Ha! I'll speed up and show him!" "If everyone else is going to be rude, why should I be courteous?" "The car in front of me will speed up if I tailgate!" "We'll never make it in time!" If you find yourself thinking like this, remind yourself, "It's no use getting worked up over someone else's bad driving," or "Relax! I'll get there eventually."

Cutting heroin (and other substances)

'Cutting', or diluting the drug with a cheaper substance, is also a danger with heroin and some other drugs. Drug dealers cut drugs like heroin and cocaine with substances such as sugar and unscented baby powder in order to make more money. Cutting can be deadly for a number of reasons. For example, baby powder is often made out of talc, a mineral used to make certain types of chalk. Talc does not dissolve in the blood like heroin does. Instead, it stays whole, forming hard deposits in the organs it reaches. Deposits in the heart, brain, and other organs can lead to deadly problems including strokes.Cutting also causes differences in the potency of different batches of the drug. This makes it harder to know how much heroin you're putting into your body, which makes fatal overdose much more likely.

Examples of depressants

Barbiturates Tranquilizers Opiates (including morphine, codeine, and heroin) Some antihistamines

Door latch

Each door in your car includes a latch and manual locking mechanism. Before driving, make sure all the doors are locked to prevent them from flying open in a collision.

short-term consequences of cocaine (stimulants)

A euphoric experience that peaks after 15 to 40 minutes and fades quickly A sense of well-being that includes alertness, painlessness, and confidence Physical symptoms such as dry mouth, blurred vision, sweating, loss of appetite, and rapid heart rate Lapses of attention and coordination that make it difficult to operate a vehicle safely

What is needed to operate a motorcycle

An endorsement To operate a motorcycle, you must apply for a motorcycle endorsement. Before you can obtain the endorsement, you must complete a Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF) Course in basic motorcycle skills. In addition, if you are not yet 18 years old you will have to take an on-cycle skills test when you apply for the endorsement.

A car that fails to yield at an intersection would be considered __________ . A. a complex risk B. an immediate risk C. a potential risk

An immediate risk

One physical consequence of emotional agitation is: A. A decrease in the coagulants in your blood B. An increase in adrenaline C. An increase in metabolic functions

An increase in adrenaline

When to use low-beam headlights at night

in areas that are well-lit or where there is a lot of traffic

speed limit in construction zones

45 mph on a highway and 20 mph in an urban area Workers use orange signs, equipment, flags, and jackets to warn you of their presence. Don't drive too close to barricades and lane markers or knock them over. It will make the road more dangerous for other drivers.

Prima facie speed limits in an alley or on a beach

15 mph

Drivers who refuse a law enforcement officer's request for breath, blood, or urine testing when suspected of driving while intoxicated will have their drivers license automatically suspended for no less than __________. A. 15 days B. 90 days C. 180 days

180 days

how many feet you must stop from a school bus that is letting passengers on or off or preparing to do so

20 ft (from the school bus)

Why alcohol affects your brain

As a depressant, it directly affects the central nervous system and the brain. Because the brain is supplied with more blood than other organs, alcohol impairs brain function within minutes of consumption. The brain cells associated with memory, attention, sleep, coordination, and judgment are affected the most. Long-term alcohol use may damage the connection between nerve cells and cause irreversible brain damage, including memory loss and personality changes.

Only times to pass

At a speed more than 10 mph faster than the car you're passing On the left. You may pass on the right only on one-way or multi-lane roads or when the car ahead of you is slowing, stopping, or preparing to turn left. When you can overtake the car ahead of you and return to your lane before an approaching car comes within 200 ft of you

Intoxication Assault

A drunk driver who injures someone in a collision can be convicted of Intoxication Assault and be punished with a fine of up to $10,000, two to ten years in jail, and a 90-day to one-year license suspension.

What a driver exiting an alley, building, driveway, private road, or private property must do

A driver exiting an alley, building, driveway, private road, or private property must stop prior to the sidewalk or edge of the road to yield to all vehicles and pedestrians that constitute an immediate hazard.

penalties for Class C misdemeanor (first offense)

A fine of up to $500 Between 20 and 40 hours of community service A suspension or denial of your drivers license for 60 days Mandatory attendance of an Alcohol Awareness Program You will not be eligible to obtain an occupational license for the first 30 days of your suspension.

penalties for Class C misdemeanor (second offense)

A fine of up to $500 Between 40 and 60 hours of community service A suspension or denial of your driver's license for 120 days Mandatory attendance of an Alcohol Awareness Program You will not be eligible to obtain an occupational license for the first 90 days of your suspension.

Road Rage

A form of extreme aggressive driving When aggressive drivers become so overcome by anger that they lose all conception of the potential consequences of their actions, they may use their car as a weapon to ram another vehicle or threaten a pedestrian. They may even get out of their car to confront another driver with a tire iron—or a gun!

Which of the following is not a punishment typically associated with committing a Zero Tolerance offense? A. 40 hours of community service B. A fine of $500 C. A jail term of six months

A jail term of six months

Effects of a 0.02% BAC

A loss of reason and judgment Altered mood Weakened vision, particularly in tracking objects and scanning Decline in attention, especially when switching between tasks

When two people of different weights drink the same amount of alcohol, the heavier person will have __________ . A. a higher BAC B. a lower BAC C. the same BAC

A lower BAC

You must stop at least 15 ft and no more than 50 ft from the nearest rail whenever

A lowered crossing gate or flashing signal indicates that a train is coming You can see a train approaching the crossing or hear an audible signal emitted by a train within 1500 ft of the crossing You must stop to comply with a legal requirement or posted traffic control device

Penalties for MIP with previous MIP convictions

A minor with prior MIP convictions may be punished with a fine of up to $2,000, up to 40 hours of community service, and/or a jail sentence of up to 6 months.

Stats on Nature of Underage Substance Abuse

A person who starts drinking before the age of 15 is four times more likely to suffer from alcoholism in the future. 40% of people who start drinking before the age of 15 eventually develop alcohol dependence, while only 10% of those who wait to start drinking until they're 21 do. Up until the age of 21, each additional year you wait to start drinking reduces the risk you'll become an alcoholic by 14%.

Laminated, or "shatter-resistant", windshields

A plastic sheet between layers of windshield glass keeps the glass bonded when broken to protect occupants from flying glass shards.

stale green signal

A traffic signal that has been green for a while

No Zones

A truck's blind spots They have this name because no car should drive in these spots any longer than necessary. Most collisions with large trucks involve a car that was driving in one of the truck's no zones.

examples of hallucinogens

Cannabis, or marijuana Psilocybe, or "magic" mushrooms LSD Salvia divinorum Mescaline, found in the Peyote cactus Dissociatives, such as phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine

How to pass on the left

Activate your left turn signal. Accelerate as you prepare to leave your lane. Turn the steering wheel gently to the left. Center your car in the passing lane and proceed forward until you can see the car you're passing in your rearview mirror. Double-check your mirrors and blind spots. Activate your right turn signal. Turn the steering wheel gently to the right. Center your vehicle in your original lane. Return to cruising speed once you have made sure you have enough room around your car. To pass on the right, reverse the direction you turn the steering wheel at each step.

What to do to change lanes

Activate your turn signal to indicate your intentions before changing lanes. Once you have completely entered the other lane, make sure you deactivate the signal.You should turn the steering wheel gradually and smoothly when changing lanes. Use an equally slight motion to straighten the wheel. After you have entered the new lane, straighten your car out in the center of the lane. Check your mirror to make sure that there is a safe space between you and the driver following you. Adjust your speed so that you are traveling at the same rate as the flow of traffic. Do not encroach on other vehicle's driving space or force another driver to slow down, speed up, or change lanes.

Windshield wiper

Activate your windshield wipers in rain, snow, and other weather conditions to clear water and other debris from your windshield. Replace worn wiper blades to ensure clean and efficient performance.

Visual distractions

Activities that cause you to take your eyes off the road

Manual distractions

Activities that cause you to take your hands off the wheel

Cognitive distractions

Activities that cause you to take your mind off of driving

What happens if the driver lets their emotions get the better of them

Aggressive Driving may be the result. It doesn't take much for a driver who is stressed or angry, or one who naturally has a negative disposition, to become an aggressive driver, especially if he or she is frustrated by the situation on the road or the actions of other drivers.Any deliberate and dangerous behavior motivated by impatience, annoyance, or hostility is considered aggressive driving.

Five steps of Smith system

Aim high in steering: Scan the road 12-15 seconds ahead of your vehicle. Keep your eyes moving: Conduct an orderly visual search pattern to look for possible hazards on critical areas of the road. Get the big picture: Be aware of everything around your vehicle and ahead of you on the roadway that may affect your driving. Make sure others see you: Use your horn and lights, as well as hand signals and eye contact, to communicate with other road users. Leave yourself an out: Prepare yourself for potential mistakes that you or others on the road may make by making sure that you always have a way to escape from your current path of travel.

The effects of many depressants on the driving task are similar to those of __________. A. heroin B. marijuana C. alcohol

Alcohol

Alcohol's Effect on Sense of Speed

Alcohol adversely affects your ability to judge your absolute speed as well as your speed relative to other drivers on the road. Moreover, due to the other mental effects of intoxication, you're less likely to remember to check your speedometer regularly.You may feel as though you're driving safely at 35 mph when you're actually traveling faster than 60 mph. You may even think that you're driving with the flow of traffic only to realize too late that you're about to hit the car in front of you!

Common effects associated with alcohol

Alcohol and other depressants can make depression worse, causing feelings of melancholy or despair to deepen and last longer. Stimulants can cause erratic, overactive, and compulsive behavior without any consideration of the consequences. Various kinds of drugs are associated with extreme stress, insomnia, detachment, and fear.

Impacts of Alcohol on Your Brain

Alcohol damages your brain, both by physically affecting brain tissue directly and through its chemical interactions with neurons.Alcohol causes brain cells to shrink, reducing brain mass and enlarging internal cavities. what alcohol actually damages are the ends of the neurons, or dendrites. With damaged dendrites, neurons are less able to communicate information across the brain and through the body. Over time, memory problems, confusion, lack of coordination, and amnesia can develop.

Alcohol's Effects on Motor Skills

Alcohol disrupts your coordination: Because it will take more mental effort to get your muscles to respond to commands, the more you drink, the harder it will become to perform even simple feats like turning a doorknob, walking in a straight line, and standing still. Eventually, you may not even be able to pick yourself up off the floor. Alcohol slows down your reaction time: When you drink, it will take your brain longer to see something, longer to understand it, longer to relate it to your current situation, and longer to determine how to respond to it. By the time you get to the end of this process, you may have forgotten what you we're dealing with in the first place—or worse, you may have already crashed.

Alcohol's Effect on Vision

Alcohol hampers your vision greatly, making it harder to perceive things in detail and causing you to be more detached from your surroundings. Even at moderate levels of alcohol consumption, the corneas and lenses become less responsive, making your eyes unable to focus properly. Moreover, as their muscles lose their precision, your two eyes will find it difficult to focus on the same object, causing you to see double.Objects at all distances will appear blurry. You won't be able to read speed limits or distinguish between different lanes. Attempts to focus your vision are likely to be painful and ineffective, further distracting you from situations on the road. Alcohol also affects the pupil's ability to expand and contract, making it unable to quickly or effectively respond to changes in brightness. When a drunk driver is exposed to sudden brightness, he or she may feel pain be temporarily blinded, and shut his or her eyes against the light. When the driver's field of vision becomes dim again, he or she may see only black for more time than normal. alcohol use diminishes the ability to distinguish individual objects if they are dimly lit, even when you only drink a little. This will make driving at night, or in rainy or foggy weather conditions, much more dangerous. The effects of alcohol on the driver's ability to distinguish contrast are powerful

Other Physical Effects of Alcohol

Alcohol irritates the lining of the stomach, increasing acidity and potentially causing vomiting. Alcohol impairs the livers ability to filter waste and other toxins while it is processing alcohol, making you more susceptible to illness and disease. Alcohol can cause intense headaches and hangovers that leave you feeling achy, nauseous, and worn out for a day or more.

Why alcohol is considered the gateway drug

Alcohol is considered a gateway drug. Once a person starts drinking, he or she becomes more likely to abuse other drugs.

Alcohol's Effects on Your Pulmonary System

Alcohol slows down your respiration, reducing the amount of oxygen that enters your bloodstream. When your organs don't receive enough oxygen, they begin to shut down. The brain, already impaired by alcohol, will be further damaged by the lack of oxygen. Moreover, the kidneys and liver will become less efficient at removing alcohol from your blood, meaning that the effects of alcohol will become even more pronounced.Eventually, your pulmonary system can become so disrupted that you may find it difficult to breathe. If you stop breathing, you will die.

Alcohol's Effects on Your Circulatory System

Alcohol slows your heart rate, preventing your organs and tissues from getting the blood that they need. Alcohol decreases your blood pressure, making it more difficult for your circulatory system to move blood around your body. Alcohol damages your heart, reducing its ability to contract and increasing its absorption of fats.

Example of stimulants

Amphetamines Cocaine Caffeine Pep pills Diet pills

other situations where you may need to pull over to the side of the road

An emergency vehicle is approaching. You're being followed by a police car with flashing lights. There's an immediate threat ahead of you that you can only avoid by pulling over. A warning light on your instrument panel has lit up. You're traveling slower than the speed limit and a line of cars behind you is waiting to pass.

Backward Pitch

As a vehicle accelerates, weight is transferred towards its rear. Accelerating more rapidly causes more weight to be transferred: the hood will rise noticeably and the rear of the vehicle will drop.No matter how you accelerate, you will experience some backward pitch. However, by applying light or gradual pressure to the accelerator pedal, weight will be transferred to the rear more slowly, minimizing the effect on your car's balance.

How accelerator works

As you apply more pressure to this pedal, more fuel is released into your engine, increasing your car's power and thus its speed. When you remove pressure from the pedal, the speed of your car will decrease.

When responding to rear wheel traction loss

As you lose traction, continue looking towards your intended destination. Do not look towards the side of the road. Ease your foot off of the brake or accelerator pedal so that your car's weight will become more balanced. Allow your car's wheels to roll and regain traction. As your car rolls, it may travel away from your intended path. When the skid stops, your car's momentum will tend to shift in the opposite direction. Be prepared to steer appropriately in response. Continue to steer cautiously until you have reentered your intended path. If you steer too sharply, the rear of your car may swing back and forth. Accelerate gradually to transfer weight to the rear.

Rule on rubbernecking

As you scan the road, identify the site of any collision or other potentially hazardous situation in advance. Briefly glance at the hazard enough times to avoid it, but don't stare.

Pain Relievers Effects

Aspirin, Tylenol, and Advil are used to combat pain, fever, and inflammation. Excessive use can cause liver damage. Morphine and codeine, which are the chief mind-affecting chemicals in opium, are used to relieve pain. They are highly effective, but that effectiveness comes with increased risks of addiction and overdose. Other effects include itching, nausea, slowed breathing, depression, and constipation. Heroin, hydrocodone, and methadone are derivatives of opium, and have generally the same effects. These include increased risks of addiction and overdose.

What doses of marijuana do to a driver

At lower doses, marijuana can cause the user to feel detached from his or her current situation. Memory loss, panic, depression, drowsiness, a loss of physical coordination, and an altered perception of time are common side effects.At higher doses, all of these effects will be heightened. In addition, the user may experience visual or auditory hallucinations.However, partially because of the large number of chemical compounds in marijuana, and partially because of differences in how many of these chemicals behave from one person to another, the effects the drug has on users can be highly variable.

At railroad crossing, who has the right of way (Train or driver)

At railroad crossings, trains always have the right-of-way. A train can cross whenever it wants.You must always yield to a train.

When turning left from a two-way road to a one-way road, you should begin the turn __________ . A. 200 ft before the intersection B. inside the intersection C. at the crosswalk

At the crosswalk

When to avoid cruise control

Avoid using cruise control when the road is wet or icy as it may cause the engine to continue to accelerate as you begin to skid or slide. Keep in mind that you must still steer with both hands when driving with cruise control.

How BAC is measured

BAC is generally measured using a chemical test of blood, urine, or breath Most commonly, the BAC of a driver stopped on suspicion of drunk driving will be assessed with a breath test. In Texas, the average BAC at the time of arrest is 0.16%. That's twice the legal limit!

Considerations to keep in mind when on the expressway

Be alert: Keep your eyes moving between several visual ranges and use your rearview and side mirrors constantly to check the traffic behind you. Stay out of others' blind spots: Because drivers change lanes so often on expressways, it's especially dangerous to travel in a position where another driver can't see you. Always allow plenty of room when passing Pay attention to all signs, signals, and road markings: In addition to route and exit signs, you should also watch for indications that traffic lanes are merging, the speed limit is changing, or that a lane is reserved for certain drivers. Signal your intentions: Be sure to flash the appropriate turn signal when changing lanes. Flash your brake lights when you notice traffic slowing ahead. Adjust your speed to weather conditions: Driving at high speeds when visibility or road traction is reduced by rain, snow, or fog is especially dangerous. Remember that posted speed limits are based on ideal conditions. Avoid driving too slowly: If you are driving slowly relative to other vehicles, you should drive in the right lane so you don't impede other drivers. Maintain a safe gap: A five-second gap is preferable on expressways. Increase the gap in front of your car if you are being tailgated and are unable to change lanes. Don't count on other drivers to do the right thing: Defensive driving requires that you anticipate and avoid potential problems yourself.

To safely share the road with light rail vehicles:

Be aware of the routes on which light rail vehicles operate. Maintain a safe distance from an LRV if it shares a street with vehicular traffic. Never attempt to "beat" an LRV to an intersection or make a turn in front of an oncoming LRV. Look both directions for approaching LRVs before you cross LRV tracks. Do not drive, stop, park, or walk on LRV tracks except in designated areas when it is safe.

Alcohol poisoning

Becoming dangerously sick after drinking alcohol occurs when you consume more alcohol than your body can safely metabolize. approximately 90% of alcohol consumed by people under 21 is in the form of binge drinking.

Drugs under Schedule IV

Benzodiazepines, including Xanax, Valium, and Rohypnol Some less potent barbiturates, including phenobarbital Modafinil

Complex risks high-speed highways possess

Braking distances are longer Your field of vision is narrowed Highway hypnosis and velocitation often occur Two vehicles may attempt to move into the same lane simultaneously Vehicles may drive in a pack or cluster Speeding may leave you with insufficient following distance

Brake checking is: A. Braking in front of another driver B. Pumping the brake pedal repeatedly C. Resting your foot on the brake pedal

Braking in front of another driver

With a high enough dose of alcohol, __________ stops first, ultimately leading to death. A. breathing B. heart function C. brain function

Breathing

Amount of kinetic energy Car A would have If Car A and Car B are traveling at the same speed, but Car A is twice as heavy as Car B,

Car A will have twice as much kinetic energy as Car B

Clutch Pedal

Cars with manual transmissions have a clutch pedal. It is located to the left of the brakes, and must be pressed with your left foot when changing gears. In cars with automatic transmissions, a foot rest may be found in this location instead.

What cell phone usage does when driving

Cell phone conversations tend to artificially constrict the peripheral awareness as measured by a visual field. This suggests that cell phone use while driving can decrease the perceptual visual field, making the driver less aware of the surroundings and more susceptible to accidents Drivers are also distracted minutes after the phone call

Who must wear child passenger seat

Children under 8 years old or less than 4'9" tall must be secured in a child passenger safety seat.

Facts about fatigue and driving

Coffee won't keep you awake. You won't always know when you're about to fall asleep. Even a small amount of fatigue can be deadly when you're driving. A few hours of sleep isn't enough to keep you going through the following day and night. Music and open windows won't keep you from falling asleep. You can't force yourself to stay awake or alert indefinitely.

how Reflexes and hand-eye coordination are affected by drinking alcohol

Cognitive functions are slowed and the ability to make decisions is impaired. Because of this, drunk drivers may not even realize that their driving skills are lessened.

alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

Condition where Alcohol's toxic effect on the tissues of the heart can cause one or both sides of the heart to enlarge Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is especially dangerous because sufferers sometimes show no symptoms—until, suddenly, a heart attack occurs, which is especially likely to be fatal because it is unexpected.When symptoms of alcoholic cardiomyopathy do exhibit themselves, they typically include body swelling, loss of appetite, shortness of breath, fatigue, lack of concentration, and irregular heartbeat.

Keys to Safe Driving (six things all drivers need to do in order to safely share the road with others)

Consistent signaling habits Proper vehicle maintenance Physical fitness Courtesy Respect for traffic laws Good vision

what to do When a peace officer indicates that you should pull over

Continue driving until you see a safe place to pull off the road Stop to the right of the road, signaling when appropriate Turn off your ignition, set your parking brake, activate your hazard lights, and open your passenger window Turn on the interior lights of your car if stopped at night

traffic circles

Controlled by yield signs

what to do If you realize that a collision with another vehicle or a stationary object is immediate and unavoidable

Decreasing your speed or steering your car in a way that gives you more time to slow before hitting the object Directing your car towards objects more able to absorb the force of impact, such as bushes or sand barrels on expressways, instead of concrete barriers or other vehicles Driving your car towards surfaces such as snow or soft dirt that can cushion the impact Diverting your car so it collides with another car or object from the side rather than head-on to lessen the severity of the impact

Consequences for being caught street racing

Depending on your degree of involvement, you may face anywhere from 6 months to 20 years in jail, plus thousands of dollars in fines and a lengthy license suspension, for participating in a race, drag race, or other exhibition of speed or driver endurance.

left turn bays

Designed to facilitate the traffic flow; a short lane reserved for traffic turning left will appear shortly before you reach the intersection

How to avoid angering others (driving)

Don't drive more slowly than cars behind you. Even if you're driving 60 mph in a 60 mph zone, other drivers seeking to travel faster may build up behind you. Move to the side to let others pass, or speed up if it is safe and legal to do so. Don't speed up, slow down, or slam your brakes to prevent someone from passing or entering your lane. Don't slow down immediately after passing another car. Don't cut into another driver's lane. Always signal your intentions to change lanes and only move over when it's safe. Don't wait at a green light if it's safe to proceed. However, if there's someone in the intersection or crosswalk, don't proceed even if drivers behind you are honking at you. Don't wait to turn right at a red light if it's safe and legal to turn. Don't stop in the middle of the roadway to talk to a pedestrian or other road user or to ask for directions.

How to avoid angering others (non-driving)

Don't honk unnecessarily or make rude gestures in response to others' mistakes. Don't play music loud enough for others to hear it. Don't attach bumper stickers to your car likely to offend drivers who don't share your opinions or sense of humor. Don't use your high beams when they're unnecessary or you're approaching another driver. Don't be oblivious when another driver wants to pass you.

What to do if brake failure

Don't panic! Take your foot off the accelerator and shift to a lower gear to slow your car down. Use your parking brake to stop your car, but don't engage it completely as you may lock your brakes and enter a skid.

what to do if your car drives off the pavement

Don't slam the brakes. Slow your car by taking your foot off the accelerator. Slow down and carefully drive back onto the pavement after checking for traffic. Steering sharply back onto the roadway may cause your car to flip over or spin out of control.

When going on a long trip

Don't take any medicines that make you drowsy, even on the night before you start your trip. Only drive for a reasonable distance (300 to 400 miles) or a reasonable amount of time (no more than 8 hours) in a single day. Take frequent breaks, even if you're not tired. Get out of the car and stretch. Maintain your energy levels by stopping for light meals, snacks, or beverages. Travel with another person so you can change drivers at regular intervals.

Relation between BAC and impairment

Don't think that keeping your BAC below 0.08% will mean you're sober, either. BAC influences impairment, but impairment depends on a number of other factors. You may be just as impaired at 0.01% BAC on some occasions as some people are at 0.10% BAC.Never assume you know how impaired you are. Never drink and drive.

Why not to use high beams when driving in bad weather

Don't use high-beams when driving in bad weather. You could be distracted by light reflecting off particles of water, ice, or dust in the air.

Door locks and recessed handles

Door handles on the inside and outside of the car are less likely to hit or snag on a vehicle occupant or passing vehicle or pedestrian. Doors are now significantly less likely to fly open in a crash

Signs driver is fatigued (If you see a fatigued or impaired driver, pull over and call the police.)

Drifting across lane lines, then suddenly steering back in Gradually slowing down, then suddenly speeding up Late response to green lights, red lights, and STOP signs Bent or nodding head

Driving on a Steep Hill

Drive in a low gear when driving on a hill so you can prevent your vehicle from moving too fast for you to control it. Keep your foot over the brake pedal so you can slow it down more if necessary. This technique is known as cover braking, and it is useful whenever you may need to brake suddenly.It is illegal to coast down a hill by putting your car in neutral or taking it out of gear.

Driving in Winter Weather

Drive in the center of your lane, and make sure to signal early so that your actions don't surprise other drivers. Never drive on ice if you can avoid it—you'll have almost no control over your vehicle's movement.

When to choose the right lane on the expressway

Drive in the right lane only if you plan to drive at the minimum speed limit or slower than the flow of traffic. Generally, you should only use this lane when you are joining or exiting expressway traffic. If you wish to go faster, drive in the center or left lanes.

How to parallel park (curb is on your right)

Drive past the parking space and stop parallel to and even with the car ahead of the space approximately two to three feet away from it. Your rear tires should align with the rear tires of the other car. Activate turn signal Check to make sure the way is clear behind you and shift to Reverse. Look over your shoulder and turn the steering wheel sharply to the right. Slowly back up toward the car behind the parking space. When your front door passes the back bumper of the car ahead of the parking space, quickly turn your wheel back to the neutral position to straighten your wheels. Continue to back up into the space at a 45-degree angle. When your car is completely clear of the car ahead of the parking space, turn the steering wheel sharply to the left and back up slowly toward the car behind you. Stop close to the car behind you. Shift to Drive (or First Gear in cars with a standard transmission) and turn your steering wheel sharply back toward the neutral position. Move toward the center of the parking space.If you have performed the maneuver successfully, your wheels should be parallel to and within 18 inches of the curb. You may have to repeat this procedure, or the last part of it, several times to get your car in the correct position.

Amount of alcohol allowed for someone over 21

Drivers 21 years of age or older cannot legally drive with a BAC over 0.08%, which indicates that a person has more than eight parts of alcohol for every 10,000 parts of blood in his or her body

Which of the following is not a common response to feeling stressed on the road? A. Crippling indecision B. Enhanced reflexes C. Lethargic reactions

Enhanced reflexes

Restrictions On License Based on Disadvantages

Epileptics can generally obtain a standard class C license if they are on medication and have gone without any seizures for one year. Deformities and loss of limbs can be corrected for with prosthetic devices and special vehicle controls which allow people with disabilities to drive as safely as anyone else. Drivers with musculoskeletal disabilities may be able to operate vehicles equipped with special equipment. People who have a difficult time seeing to the sides due to neck or back problems or partial blindness can have larger mirrors installed on the sides of their cars to improve their view of the road.

different ways the drivers tend to disregard traffic control devices

Failing to stop at ("rolling through") a stop sign: You must always come to a complete stop. Even if you intend to yield, rolling through a stop sign can mislead and confuse other road users, causing them to react in an unsafe way. Disobeying a stoplight or a stop, yield, or wrong way sign: This puts you into another driver's path of travel at a time when he or she has the right of way, forcing him or her to take evasive action to avoid hitting you. Disobeying a construction sign: Detours, sudden merges, bright lights, and workers near the edge of the roadway all increase the chances of a collision in a construction zone.

How snow affects the road

Falling snow reduces visibility and can cause bright glare as it reflects sunlight. When snow begins to cover the ground, it can obscure lane lines, potholes, and the contours and boundaries of the road.

True or False: You should cross the street even if the DON'T WALK sign is not being flashed

False

Potential Energy

Every stationary object possesses a certain amount of unused energy depending on its form and position

what Drivers under the influence of hallucinogens experience

Extremely high or erratic speed, or slowing down or stopping in the middle of an expressway Driving along a road or in a direction that does not exist—driving into opposing traffic, completely off the road, or into a wall Failure to respond to any driving conditions, including traffic signals, cross traffic, pedestrians, turns, and stopped cars Feelings of invulnerability, leading to extremely risky behavior or attempts to accomplish things that are impossible Decisions governed by anxiety, panic, or fear

As a result of poor peripheral vision, you might

Fail to react to a vehicle approaching dangerously from the left or right Fail to notice a stop light suspended over an intersection Weave between lanes while driving through a curve Drive too close to parked cars

True or False: You can stop on a crosswalk

False (Never stop inside a crosswalk. Stopping inside a crosswalk prevents pedestrians from crossing safely and makes crossing especially dangerous for blind pedestrians. It is also a right-of-way violation.In addition, when entering or exiting a parking lot or driveway, you must yield to pedestrians before driving on or over the sidewalk.)

True or False: A police officer has to witness some driving before making a DWI arrest

False A police officer does not need to witness any driving at all before making an arrest for DWI.

True or False: A drunk person will have no trouble performing multiple tasks at the same time

False Drivers impaired by alcohol have difficulty performing more than one task at a time. They will often forget to turn on or dim their headlights and tend to stare straight ahead because alcohol makes it more difficult for them to scan with their eyes. Whether a driver who's been drinking is looking straight ahead, attempting to drive in the dark, or sensing objects to the side, his or her visual abilities will be diminished.

True or False: Don't insert your key in the ignition switch until you are ready to use it

False Insert your key in the ignition switch as soon as you enter the car. Since you're going to need your hands to perform other tasks and you need to put your keys somewhere, you can make sure you don't misplace them by putting them in the right place to begin with.

True or false: drive through a green light or past a yield sign without checking for cross traffic.

False Never drive through a green light or past a yield sign without checking for cross traffic.Taking other drivers' good behavior for granted can be as deadly as breaking the rules yourself. Yield the right-of-way to any driver disregarding a posted traffic control device: if you do not, you may be held responsible for any damage or injury that results.

True or False: You should not slow down at an intersection when the light is green

False Slow down as you approach an intersection, even when the light is green. After entering the intersection cautiously, you can return to normal cruising speed.Pay attention to the signal as you approach the intersection. This will give you more time to judge how long the light has been green and whether it is likely to change before you enter the intersection.

Alcoholic liver diseases

Fatty liver involves a buildup of fat deposits on the liver. This enlarges the liver, making it more susceptible to inflammation and impairing its ability to function. Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. Discomfort, enlargement of the liver, a buildup of fluid in the abdomen, mental confusion, and even liver failure and death may occur. Cirrhosis is a condition in which liver cells break down, scar, and die. Symptoms and complications include bad breath, skin discoloration, abnormal enlargement of the breasts in males, impotence, infertility, coma, liver cancer, liver failure, and death.

what A person charged with a drunk driving offense should expect to pay

Fines of up to $10,000 Legal fees The cost of any court-mandated alcohol education courses The cost of an Ignition Interlock Device Increased insurance rates License reinstatement fees

DUI and DWI penalties

Fines range from $500 to $10,000. Community service of up to 60 hours may be required. Your drivers license may be suspended for up to two years, and you may have to wait an additional 120 days before becoming eligible to apply for an occupational license. You may face a prison term of up to 10 years.

If you're convicted of an alcohol or drug offense, you may be:

Fired from your job Expelled from or denied entrance to a school, college, or university Required to pay higher insurance premiums Ineligible for certification as a doctor or lawyer Subject to increased fines and jail time for other convictions

penalties for a DWI conviction

First offense: A fine up to $2,000, 72 hours to 180 days in jail, and a 90-day to 365-day license suspension Second offense: A fine up to $4,000, 30 days to one year in jail, and a 180-day to 2-year license suspension Third and subsequent offenses: A fine up to $10,000, two to ten years in jail, and a 180-day to 2-year license suspension (The first time you receive a DWI conviction, the court may decide to waive your suspension and allow you to serve your jail term on probation.)

What muscles to use when pressing the pedals

For more control, apply pressure to the brake pedal with your ankle and toe muscles rather than your thigh muscles

Effects of a 0.05% BAC

Further impaired judgment and alertness Compulsive, exaggerated behavior Reduced physical coordination, including trouble steering A significant increase in reaction time Further weakened vision, including trouble focusing and adjusting to changes in brightness Dulled sensory perceptions

Drugs under Schedule I

Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), an anesthetic that reached widespread illicit popularity and was responsible for an increase in drug abuse deaths and hospitalizations Marijuana and its primary active compound, THC Hallucinogens including LSD, psilocybin, and peyote Heroin, which is closely related to morphine and twice as strong

Factors that affects BAC

Gender, Weight, Body fat, Dehydration (reduction in bodily fluid), Carbonation, Rate of consumption, Type of drink

What determines the chance a person will be dependent on alcohol

Genetics: A person with a history of addiction and dependence in his or her family is more likely to face similar problems. Environment: If someone grows up where alcohol is consumed freely, he or she will come to see that behavior as normal. A person whose parent uses alcohol to cope is more likely to model that behavior when he or she faces problems as well. Peer groups: The more a person spends time around drinkers, the more likely he or she becomes to adopt similar habits.

Why Using Alcohol To Avoid Pressures Against Nondrinkers Is A Bad Idea

Giving in to one type of pressure will not help you escape these people. Instead, it will make them pressure you more. Once you show that you are impressionable, people will know that they can influence you. People engaging in dangerous or illegal activity want company, so that their life choices appear more "normal". Don't give in to peer pressure—you'll only expose yourself to increasingly forceful and dangerous influences.

To check your blind spots with standard mirror settings

Glance over your shoulder at the blind spot

Devices in car that are distracting

Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) systems, which should be set before you start your engine so you don't have to move your eyes or hands while you're driving Vehicle devices, including temperature controls, seat and mirror adjustments, and the dashboard display, which should be used only when your car is not in motion In-car video players, which should be visible and audible only to your passengers To use these devices, you'll have to divert your hands, your eyes, or your mind from driving.

what to do If you need to steer rapidly and abruptly to avoid an imminent threat

Grip the steering wheel with both hands in the standard positions Without letting go of the wheel with either hand, quickly turn it in the direction you wish to go (up to 180 degrees at speeds under 45 mph; up to 90 degrees at speeds over 45 mph) to direct your car into the adjacent lane Immediately countersteer in the opposite direction (up to 360 degrees) to position the back of your car in the lane Return the wheel to the neutral position to stabilize your car.

Categories that divide costs of substance abuse

Health Care, including long-term care, hospitalizations, and research, prevention and treatment programs Lost Productivity due to work that couldn't be performed because of death, disability, or incarceration Criminal Activity, including property losses and costs to the justice system Other Social Costs, including the costs of vehicle collisions ($13 billion annually)

Long-term use of __________ can lead to kidney disease and dysfunction, liver disease, infections in the lungs, and chronic constipation. A. heroin B. cocaine C. marijuana

Heroin

derivatives of opium

Heroin, hydrocodone, and methadone (have generally the same effects as morphine and codeine, which are the chief mind-affecting chemicals in opium.)

effects of regular alcohol use on the circulatory system

Hypertension Thrombocytopenia, in which the blood's platelets suffer hindered production and a reduced ability to survive and function. Symptoms include fatigue, excessive bleeding, and spontaneous development of blood blisters in the mouth. Macrocytic anemia, in which blood cells become enlarged and less able to carry oxygen properly. Symptoms include shortness of breath, irregular heartbeat, bone deformities, increased heart rate, and enlargement of the heart.

You can pull over only if you're in the lane closest to the side of the road. Once you are in the proper lane, you should:

Identify a safe and legal position to stop or park Check your mirrors and blind spots, as well as the road ahead, to make sure it's safe to move over Activate the appropriate turn signal. If you must pass through an intersection before stopping, wait to begin signaling until you've entered the intersection Flash your brake lights and begin to reduce your speed. Double-check the road for potential hazards Steer gently towards the curb. When you stop, your car should be parallel with the side of the road. Depress the brake pedal fully to stop your car. Deactivate your turn signal If you are parking, engage the parking brake and follow the procedure to shut down your car.

How to enter a perpendicular space by driving forward

Identify a space to your left or right. Stop your car six to eight feet before the space you intend to enter. Signal your intention to turn into the space. Drive forward slowly until your side mirror seems to align with the first line of the space that you pass. You should have an unobstructed view into the space. Look towards the center of the space. Advance slowly, turning your steering wheel sharply in the direction of the space. Check the sides of your car to make sure you are not too close to the cars next to the space. Use slight steering movements to center your car in the space. Straighten the wheels and move forward to the front of the space.

How to enter an angle parking space

Identify a space to your left or right. Stop your car three to four feet before the space you intend to enter. Signal your intention to turn into the space. Drive forward slowly until the center of your hood aligns with the center of the space. Look towards the center of the space. Advance slowly, turning your steering wheel in the direction of the space. Check the sides of your car to make sure you are not too close to the cars next to the space. Use slight steering movements to center your car in the space. Straighten the wheels and move forward to the front of the space.

what happens If a person meets the legal standard of intoxication and is found to be behaving in a way that endangers himself or herself or other people in a public place

If a person meets the legal standard of intoxication and is found to be behaving in a way that endangers himself or herself or other people in a public place, he or she may be found guilty of public intoxication and fined up to $500.

what to do If a vehicle stops trying to pass you and seeks to reenter your lane behind you

If a vehicle stops trying to pass you and seeks to reenter your lane behind you, speed up if possible to give the driver sufficient space to reenter. (If it is impossible to speed up or if the driver chooses to proceed, brake or move to the shoulder of the road if necessary to protect the safety of other drivers.)

Why It is Better To Yield Right-Of-Way Rather Than Use It

If another driver is not following the rules, let him or her have the right-of-way, even if it is rightfully yours.

What to do if you are stuck in snow and the normal steps aren't enough

If gentle acceleration isn't enough, increase throttle gradually. Sharp acceleration will cause your tires to lose traction against the snow. You may be able to move slightly forward, but fail to break free. If this happens, there are a few things you can do to help: Roll as far forward as possible in low gear, then shift into Reverse gear, and slowly accelerate backwards as far as you can. Shift into forward gear again, repeating this process and 'rocking' your vehicle back and forth until you break free. Place dirt, rocks, tree branches, or boards underneath your drive wheels. This makes it easier for your wheels to gain traction. Turn the steering wheel in different directions—some angles may give your wheels better traction, depending on the contours of the ground beneath them.

How potential energy and kinetic energy interact

If the brakes of a car parked on top of a hill fail, the car's potential energy will be converted to kinetic energy. Kinetic energy increases with speed and determines how easily something can be stopped.When you stop, any kinetic energy your car has acquired must be absorbed by your brakes or other sources of friction. If you stop suddenly, your car's kinetic energy won't be absorbed gradually by the brakes or by friction. Instead, that energy will be absorbed by your body, your vehicle's body, and any objects you collide with.

why you should Wait for the engine to cool down before removing the radiator cap

If the radiator cap is opened while the engine is hot, boiling coolant can burst out and cause severe burns to anyone standing too close.

what to do If the temperature gauge indicates overheating

If the temperature gauge indicates overheating, do not drive. Turn off the engine and call for service or check and replace the coolant in the radiator.

Problem with tailgating

If the vehicle in front of you stops suddenly, you won't be able to stop in time to avoid crashing into it. If the vehicle behind you rear-ends your car, you'll be slammed into the back of the vehicle in front of you. When you're close behind another vehicle, your view of the road ahead will be obstructed. You may increase the anxiety of the driver ahead of you, making it more likely he or she will drive recklessly. If you make a mistake, you won't have enough room to correct it in time.

what to do If there is one broken line and one solid line (parallel to you)

If there is one broken line and one solid line (yellow), passing is allowed for drivers beside the broken line and forbidden for drivers beside the solid line.

what to do If there is only one lane of traffic moving in your direction to the right of the yellow line

If there is only one lane of traffic moving in your direction to the right of the yellow line, you must remain in the right lane except to pass another car or avoid an obstruction.

What happens If you apply your brakes while traveling through a curve at a high speed

If you apply your brakes while traveling through a curve at a high speed, the resulting weight transfer to the front wheel opposite the direction of the turn may produce severe traction loss. You may skid badly. By applying your brakes close to the point where they will lock up before you begin a turn or enter a curve, the weight transfer to your front wheels will give you better traction when you begin the maneuver.

What happens If you are driving too fast or are on an icy road

If you are driving too fast or are on an icy road, then the friction between your brakes and the wheels may be greater than the friction between your tires and the road. If this happens, your brakes will stop your wheels before your car's kinetic energy has been absorbed. When this happens, your car will keep moving, and your wheels will skid. You'll no longer have any control of the vehicle. You'll be unable to steer or brake as long as your wheels are locked. The bottom of your tires will scrape against the pavement, potentially rubbing off some rubber and leaving a skid mark.

How to park car

If you are parked on an incline, turn your wheels away from or towards the curb as appropriate. Set the parking brake. Shift the transmission to Park (in a car with a standard transmission, leave the transmission in 1st or Reverse). Turn off the engine and set the ignition to Start. Take your foot off the brake pedal. Close any open windows and turn off all accessories and lights. Turn the ignition switch to Lock and remove the key.

Rule to follow with commercial trucks

If you cannot see one of the truck's side mirrors, you can be confident that the driver cannot see you.

What to do if you are drunk but need to go somewhere

If you decide to consume alcohol, the only safe and responsible driving practice is not to drive. Stay where you are, take a taxi, or call someone to pick you up. If you're going to be drinking, choose a designated driver or make alternate transportation arrangements ahead of time.

What to do If you encounter intermittent patches of fog while driving

If you encounter intermittent patches of fog while driving, slow down just as you would for a consistent blanket of fog.

what happens If you fail to stop when an officer indicates that you should do so

If you fail to stop when an officer indicates that you should do so, express hostility after being pulled over, or refuse an officer's requests, you may be charged with contempt or with resisting or evading a police officer. You will face significant penalties no matter why you were stopped initially.A person who willfully flees or attempts to evade a police officer performing his or her duties can be imprisoned for up to a year. These penalties are increased if a person causes serious injury or death while evading the officer.

what to do If you feel the earth shaking,

If you feel the earth shaking, pull over as soon as possible and wait. Park somewhere with nothing overhead, with no danger of landslides or collapses.

what to do if you are in a intersection and you have not yet begun to cross the other car's path of travel

If you have not yet begun to cross the other car's path of travel, brake and turn your steering wheel in the direction the other car is moving. This will help them respond properly to you, and if you do get into a collision, it will be less severe if you and the other car are moving in the same direction.

what to do if you realize as you approach an intersection that you're driving in the wrong lane or at an unsafe speed for making a turn

If you realize as you approach an intersection that you're driving in the wrong lane or at an unsafe speed for making a turn, don't attempt to change lanes suddenly or make the turn from your position. Continue down the road, turn at the next available intersection using proper procedures, and circle back to your original route. If you were planning to turn left, you can make three right turns beginning at the next intersection to get back to the roadway you intended to enter.

Consequences of refusing to submit to a chemical test

If you refuse to submit to a chemical test when requested by an officer, the officer can immediately order your license to be suspended. All drivers will receive a 180-day suspension for a first offense of refusing to submit to a chemical test, and a two-year suspension if their license has been previously suspended for an ALR or DWI offense. Drivers operating a vehicle with an instruction permit or provisional license may face an even longer suspension or denial of their driving privileges.

what to do if you see red reflectors on the roadway

If you see red reflectors on the roadway, you should turn around immediately!

what to do if you stop your car in hot weather

If you stop your car in hot weather, roll your windows down—their glass turns the inside of your vehicle into a greenhouse, raising temperatures dramatically.

what to do if you want people to respect you

If you want people to respect you, know your own mind. By understanding your own desires and motivations, you can prevent yourself from doing something that you feel uneasy or concerned about.Don't let others actively or passively bully you into drinking. Only by standing up to people who try to pressure you will they come to understand that you're fine without they're approval and their attempts to influence you have no power. Eventually others will leave you alone—or even admire you for your convictions.

fresh green signal

Immediately after the traffic signal changes from red to green

How to deal with a deer

If you're approaching a deer, try to get the deer to move by honking your horn. Pump your brakes gently to flash your brake lights, to warn any drivers following you about the deer ahead on the road.Do not attempt to get the deer out of the road by flashing your headlights. Bright lights can daze deer and cause them to halt in the middle of the road, endangering you and other drivers. Continue moving in a straight line and press firmly on the brakes to slow down or stop as much as possible before you reach the animal. If you stop suddenly, you could scare the animal and cause it to dart across the road, endangering other drivers.

What to do instead of drinking

If you're burdened by sad, anxious, or pessimistic thoughts, talk about them with a friend, family member, or other person that you trust. Another person can offer you sympathy and understanding, and may have a perspective on your problem that you haven't considered. If you don't feel comfortable talking about your problems, try writing about them. Putting your troubles into words can help you think about them more clearly. If you're feeling overwhelmed by strong emotions, cry if you have to. It's better to relieve the tension you're feeling in private rather than taking it out on others when you're on the road.

Chance that pedestrian killed is under 14

In 2009, more than 1 in 25 pedestrians killed by drunk drivers were children under the age of 14.

First thing to do when your vehicle becomes stuck in deep snow

If your vehicle becomes stuck in deep snow, keep calm. Before attempting to free your vehicle, find your exhaust pipe and clear snow away from the area around it. A blocked or smothered exhaust pipe can cause a deadly buildup of carbon monoxide inside your vehicle.

Rolling resistance

In addition to traction, another force that affects your car's tires is Rolling Resistance. As they roll, your tires will change shape due to the force of your car's weight on them. This causes them to experience repeated cycles of deformation(being flexed out of shape) and recovery(returning to the proper shape). During this process, some of the energy produced by the engine and transferred to the wheels is converted to heat and radiated away or dissipated. The more the tire deforms, the more it must recover, and therefore the more resistance is generated.

How combined jail term and a license suspension work

In general, when your penalties include both a jail term and a license suspension, the license suspension will not begin until you have completed the period of your incarceration.

Radiator Cap

In many cars, you can access the radiator directly to check the level of coolant in the radiator and flush it when necessary. Never try to remove the radiator cap while the car is still hot.

When to use hand-over-hand steering

In situations where you need to make a sharp turn, maneuver in an area with limited road space or restricted lines of sight, or change positions quickly when traveling at a slow speed

What tobacco does at a small dose

In small doses it increases alertness, reduces anxiety, dulls pain, and raises blood pressure.

How many people from 2004 to 2013 die in alcohol-impaired traffic collisions

In the ten years from 2004 to 2013, the United States saw over 116,000 people die in alcohol-impaired traffic collisions. (Alcohol-impaired means that at least one driver registered a BAC of 0.08% or more.)

Frequently on roadways divided into three or more lanes, two vehicles on either side of a center lane will want to move into the same space in the center lane at the same time. Who should yield to who?

In these situations, the vehicle entering from the lane on the right (Vehicle B) should yield to the vehicle coming from the left (Vehicle A).And, of course, both should yield to the car that is already in the center lane: merging into that lane would not allow the car in the center lane enough following distance.

What to do if your speed is high or if you are driving on a low-traction surface

In these situations, you must brake gradually so you can reduce your car's kinetic energy while maintaining control of the vehicle.

N (Automatic Transmission Settings)

In this position, the engine is disconnected from the drive wheels and the car can and will roll.

1 (First gear) (Automatic Transmission Settings)

In this position, the transmission is fixed in first gear. Use this gear to climb very steep hills, or for better traction at very low speeds in slippery conditions. You can also use this gear to help slow the vehicle at low speeds or when driving down a steep hill. Also indicated as D1, L1, or L.

2 (Second gear) (Automatic Transmission Settings)

In this position, the transmission is fixed in second gear. Use this gear to climb less steep hills, or for better traction at low speeds. You can also use this gear to help slow the vehicle at medium to low speeds. Also indicated as D2 or L2.

P (Automatic Transmission Settings)

In this position, the transmission is locked to prevent rolling

R (Automatic Transmission Settings)

In this position, the wheels spin backwards to allow you to back up your car. The white reverse lights on the back of your car will be activated.

Alcohol can damage the pancreas by causing: A. It to release digestive enzymes internally B. It to work extra hard to filter blood C. The mucous protecting it to erode

It to release digestive enzymes internally

One way to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning is to: A. Leave your air vents closed in heavy traffic B. Open a rear window in your car C. Warm up your car before you leave your garage

Leave your air vents closed in heavy traffic

What to do when driving in clear patches between fog banks

It's very important that you react to fog and slow down as soon as you see fog, and maintain a low speed even when driving in clear patches between fog banks.

basic mental and bodily functions that drugs alter

Judgment—drugs diminish your ability to behave rationally. You'll quickly become unable to judge your own level of impairment, and you'll engage in much more risky behavior. Perception—drugs alter your ability to see, hear, feel, taste, and touch. This disturbs the most vital linkages between your mind and the world around you. Coordination—drugs destroy your ability to coordinate your physical movements with your perceptions and mental understanding of the world around you. This makes you unable to interact with your environment in an effective manner. Mood—drugs alter your mood, making you feel artificially irritable, paranoid, impatient, or apathetic, to name just a few examples. In turn, these moods artificially change the ways you think about things and make decisions. Health—drugs affect your health in wide-ranging and impactful ways. They can cause poisoning, heart attack, stroke, paralysis, and other short-term problems, as well as long-term problems including cancer and liver disease.

What to carry in car (because It is helpful, not required)

Jumper cables can bring a dead battery back to life. Being able to drive your car and use its radio, headlights, heater, and air conditioning is very important both day-to-day and in emergency situations. Road flares can help prevent a single collision from turning into a pile-up. Set up road flares to warn approaching drivers of a hazard. A wireless radio enables you to hear emergency and weather reports when your car's battery is dead. A battery-operated radio is useful only as long as its batteries are kept in good condition. A hand-charging radio is more reliable over long periods of time and in foul weather. A fire extinguisher can help prevent a minor collision from becoming much more devastating. A five-pound fire extinguisher takes up little space, but can save lives. A first aid kit is essential when a person needs help before paramedics can arrive. A pen and notepad will help you record important information in the event of a collision. A map will help to prevent confusion, wrong turns, and wasted time. Bottled water and nonperishable food are useful to prevent both boredom and starvation. Duct tape can be used to patch up a broken muffler, bumper, window, or side mirror. Blankets are useful when your vehicle breaks down at night or on a cold day. A change of clothes will be very helpful if you have to exit a disabled vehicle in the rain. A flashlight is indispensable when stranded in a dark area. Towels are useful for drying things off, cleaning up dirt, and keeping people warm.

Side you should pass a truck

Left side (Side you should pass a truck)

What lane position communicates

Lane position 1 communicates that you do not plan to maneuver. Lane position 2 communicates that you may be planning to turn left or that there is a hazard ahead. Lane position 3 communicates that you may be planning to turn right or that there is a hazard ahead. Lane positions 4 and 5 may communicate your intention to change lanes or the presence of a hazard in the road.

If you're starting to feel fatigued while driving, you should not: A. Drive on a less crowded route B. Lean forward over the steering wheel C. Open your windows

Lean forward over the steering wheel

What to do due to construction vehicles

Leave extra space around construction vehicles. When driving in work zones, don't stop or maneuver abruptly, because you may be driving in front of a construction vehicle that would find it difficult to respond quickly. You may be instructed to stop suddenly or maneuver abruptly by construction personnel. You are required to follow their instructions.

How to turn right

Lightly depress your brake pedal to slow down and steer towards the right edge of the right lane. Before you begin your turn, your vehicle should be about three feet from the curb and your front bumper should be even with the curb line. Double-check that it is safe for you to turn. Remove your foot from the brake, enter the intersection, and steer your car around the corner using the hand-to-hand steering technique. Position your car properly and return to cruising speed.

How your body treats alcohol

Like poison Your liver does its best to break down alcohol molecules, while your kidneys remove it from your blood as fast as they can. Unfortunately, your body can't filter alcohol fast enough to protect your organs completely. In addition, the process of filtering alcohol can damage your liver and your kidneys permanently.

Search (First Step of SEE IT)

Look for objects on and around the roadway that could distract other drivers or potentially cause a collision. Debris such as tires, garbage, or other items can appear suddenly. If there is a problem, find another path. Look to the sides of your vehicle at intersections, crosswalks, driveways, and other places where you may need to maneuver or where other road users may enter the roadway suddenly. Decrease your speed when you notice problems with the road surface such as loose gravel, large potholes, and patches of slippery or icy terrain. Be alert to any upcoming hills or curves so you can reduce your speed or change gears appropriately. Adjust your driving when weather or visibility conditions begin to change. A good rule of thumb is that if you need to use your windshield wipers, you need to turn on your headlights. As you approach an intersection, decide whether or not it is safe to enter before you reach the point of no return. Look left first, then right, then left again before entering an intersection. Watch for drivers failing to obey traffic signals. If you're planning to turn, look into the turn as you approach to make sure there are no obstructions on your intended path. Choose a new target as you enter the turn.

what to do when driving fatigued

Maintain an upright driving posture. Avoid leaning forward, as you'll be more likely to fall asleep and have less control of your car in this position. Keep your eyes moving so you'll remain alert. Check your mirrors frequently. Open your windows to let fresh air in. Avoid overheating your car, even in the winter. Wear your seat belt. Take a less congested route home. Drive at a reduced speed and increase your following distance so you'll have more time to respond. Listen to music or talk to passengers, if you can do so without becoming distracted. Even simple activities like chewing gum or talking to yourself can help you remain alert. Don't drive if you aren't feeling well!

suggestions to resist peer pressure

Make a plan: Figure out ahead of time what you'll say if you're offered alcohol, and what you'll do if others insist. Enjoy your sobriety: Whether you choose to watch others make fools of themselves while drunk or take a walk or read a book, you can take pleasure in feeling alert and clearheaded. Go somewhere else: If you miss a party, it won't be the end of the world. If you don't want to deal with drinking, find people or places you'd rather visit. Talk with your parents: Your parents probably had to deal with similar problems when they were younger. They may be able to offer you smart ways to stay safe.

Being comfortable temperature wise

Make sure your driving environment is comfortable by adjusting the climate control settings and making sure your car is properly ventilated. If your car is too cold or too hot, you may become distracted from the driving task and your reactions may be slower. Keep at least one window open slightly even when using the heating or air conditioning system. Not only will the fresh air help keep you alert, but it will protect you from a buildup of carbon monoxide.

To decrease the risk of rear wheel traction loss

Make sure your rear tires have at least as much tread depth as your front tires. Make sure you are driving with the correct amount of tire pressure. If you only purchase two tires at a time, put the new tires on the rear axle and move the tires on the rear axle to the front.

How to back up

Make sure your right foot is on the brake pedal. Shift the transmission to Reverse gear. Release the parking brake. Put your left hand on the steering wheel and your right hand on the passenger headrest. Look over your right shoulder through the rear window. Make sure it is safe to proceed. Slowly lift your foot from the brake pedal. Glance around your car as you begin to move backwards to make sure it is safe to proceed. To maintain control of your car, back up no faster than five mph. When you take your foot from the brake pedal, the backwards roll of the vehicle may be sufficient to guide your car onto the road. Use the accelerator only if it is necessary.

Gear display (instrument panel)

Many cars, primarily those with automatic transmissions, include an indicator on the dashboard that drivers can consult to determine which gear is currently selected.

First stage of consequences of alcohol

Memory, focus, and reasoning begin to decline with the first sip of alcohol—from the beginning, you'll have trouble determining your own level of impairment. At this stage, you're already capable of catastrophically dangerous lapses in judgment.Basic muscle control deteriorates next, affecting everything from your eyes and hands to your ability to breathe and stand on your feet. With a high enough dose, breathing stops, cutting off oxygen to the brain and heart—causing death.

Risks to Young Drivers

Most young drivers also lack experience in the consumption of alcohol and other drugs Some young drivers have a greater interest in taking risks Finally, young drivers often subject themselves to more distractions than other drivers. (These include cell phones, music, friends, and even mental distractions such as anxiety. Distractions take your hands off the steering wheel, your eyes off the road, and your mind off the driving task.)

How to drive a curve

Move closer to the center of the lane as you approach the apex (mid-point) of the curve, and move back towards the right edge of the lane as you leave the curve. Not only will this give you a better view of the road ahead and make it easier for approaching vehicles to see you, but it will also require less steering as you proceed

Driving on Multi-Lane Roadways

Move with the flow of traffic Anticipate lane blockages and select the lane with the fewest conflicts Look for stoppages that could cause you to be stuck in an intersection Plan ahead for anticipated turns Watch for pedestrians near the roadway or in a crosswalk and be prepared to yield Maintain a safe space Only pass when you're sure it is safe Treat other drivers with courtesy

Stats of high school drinkers

Nearly 21% of high school students reported binge drinking in the last 30 days. Nearly 21% of high school students also reported riding with a drunk driver in the same period. A frighteningly large number of high school students reported driving drunk themselves: of the 64% of high school students who drove, 10% had driven drunk in the past 30 days.

Why mud is dangerous

Mud and wet leaves can cause a sudden loss of traction. Mud is particularly dangerous because it may stick to your tires and splash onto your headlights or windshield, reducing their effectiveness.

Standard Transmission Settings

N (Neutral): To start the engine, you must set the transmission to neutral by pushing down on the clutch pedal and placing the stick shift in a central position. R (Reverse): This setting is identical to the reverse gear on an automatic transmission. 1 (First Gear): Use this gear when exiting a stopped position and driving up to 10 to 15 mph. 2 (Second Gear): Use this gear when driving up to 20 mph, or when climbing a steep hill or approaching a curve or turn. 3 (Third Gear): On a three-speed transmission, use this gear for all speeds above 25 mph. On transmissions with more gears, use this gear for speeds between 20 and 40 mph. Some cars have a fourth, fifth, and sixth gear for traveling over 40 mph and cruising on high-speed roads.

Feelings that make you more likely to make unsafe situations

Negativity towards others Overconfidence in your own driving abilities Insecure about driving Impatience Aggression Anxiety Excessive happiness Love or infatuation Exaggerated emotional sensitivity A lack of self-control Grief

Cruise Control in the Rain

Never activate cruise control while driving in the rain or on a wet surface. If you begin to lose traction while cruise control is activated, your car will behave erratically. Modern speedometers determine vehicle speed based on the rate the drive wheels are spinning, not the rate at which the vehicle is moving relative to the ground. These two figures are the same under normal conditions, but disagree when traction is lost.When your drive wheels lose traction, they'll spin faster against the water without a corresponding increase in actual vehicle speed. This can result in the cruise control system executing a sudden cutoff in engine power, throwing your vehicle into an uncontrolled slide.

What to never assume at a railroad crossing

Never assume that if there are no signals indicating that a train is coming, it is safe to proceed. While 30% to 35% of crossings in Texas use flashing signals, bells, crossing gates, or even a flagman depending on the circumstances, the majority of crossings only have a crossbuck sign posted.

Driving with passengers

Never visit with friends in other vehicles or let your passengers interact with people outside your car. You could become dangerously distracted or irritate other drivers if you try talking to someone in another vehicle.

intoxication meaning under Texas law

Not having the normal use of mental or physical faculties by reason of the introduction of alcohol, a controlled substance, a drug, a dangerous drug, a combination of two or more of those substances, or any other substance into the body; or Having a BAC of 0.08% or higher

Alcohol's Effect on Nervous System

Not only will your movements be more clumsy and sluggish, but you'll also be less sensitive to pain and may not react quickly enough if you're harmed.Additionally, because of how it affects your nervous system, alcohol will make you sleepy. However, your sleep will be restless and may be interrupted in the middle of the night.

Where road surfaces will be colder

Note that the road surface will be colder where buildings, trees, or other objects cast a shadow. Ice is more likely to form in these areas, and to remain icy even when other parts of the road have melted.Bridges and expressway overpasses will also freeze more quickly than other parts of the road. When it's cold out, slow down before driving over raised roadways.

what to do If a warning sign tells you to turn around in flood

Obey all warning signs. If a warning sign tells you to turn around, do so. Do not underestimate the power of standing or rushing water. Don't park near streams or rivers during rain or flooding.

How to parallel park to the left

On most roadways, you are required to park on the side of the roadway to your right. However, on one-way roads, you may be allowed to park on the left edge of the roadway. To parallel park on the left side of the road, use the standard procedure but reverse the direction that you turn the steering wheel at each step.

Drinks with 0.6 oz of alcohol (which is enough alcohol to qualify as "one drink" and increase your BAC by the same amount)

One 12-ounce beer with an alcohol content of 5% One 5-ounce glass of wine with an alcohol content of 12% One 1.5-ounce shot of 80-proof liquor with an alcohol content of 40%

In a city, you will drive about __________ in the course of 10 to 15 seconds. A. half a block B. one block C. a quarter mile

One block

Automatic Transmission Settings

P (Park): In this position, the transmission is locked to prevent rolling. R (Reverse): In this position, the wheels spin backwards to allow you to back up your car. The white reverse lights on the back of your car will be activated. N (Neutral): In this position, the engine is disconnected from the drive wheels and the car can and will roll. D (Drive): This is the automatic forward gear. In most traffic conditions, including situations when you must stop frequently, the transmission should be set to this gear.

Four factors influence how long it takes to stop:

Perception time: How long it takes you to notice a potentially hazardous situation and identify it as such Decision-making time: How long it takes you to figure out the proper way to respond Reaction time: How long it takes you to execute the decision Braking time: How long it takes for the vehicle to come to a stop once the brakes have been applied

When to do a under the hood maintenance check

Perform an under the hood maintenance check every month or so.

Vehicle safety

Protect yourself and your environment by getting your exhaust system periodically checked for leaks. Your engine emits dangerous gases like carbon monoxide, which is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless byproduct of the internal combustion engine. If there is a leak in your system, this gas could enter the passenger compartment of your car, causing you to become drowsy, dizzy—or dead.When driving, leave a window open to allow fresh air to circulate. Never leave an engine running in an enclosed space for a long period of time. When driving in tunnels, turn off your heating or ventilation system to prevent other vehicles' exhaust from entering your car.

Basic examples of aggressive driving

Running a red light while speeding Braking unexpectedly to make a tailgater slow down Rolling through a stop sign when a pedestrian is in the crosswalk Each of these behaviors endangers the driver who performs them and everyone else on the road.

Flame retardant seat materials

Seats are upholstered with materials less likely to catch fire.

As more drivers act aggressively, others tend to: A. Act more courteously in response B. Avoid driving C. See such behavior as normal

See such behavior as normal

What bicyclist should do (cyclists under 18 must wear a helmet)

Select a route appropriate for their skill and experience level Never ride more than two abreast in a lane Never weave around parked cars Avoid manhole covers, painted stripes, potholes, and other surfaces likely to be slick or dangerous when riding in wet weather Ride in a designated bike path when possible

Part 2 of activating the engine (after turning the ignition switch)

Shift the transmission into gear (Drive, Reverse, or First Gear, depending on the circumstances). Release the parking brake. Your right foot should still be on the brake pedal. Check traffic ahead of you. If you are preparing to back up, look over your shoulder to check traffic behind you. Move your foot from the brake pedal to the accelerator pedal and press down gently.

People susceptible to fatigue

Shift workers

As you consume more alcohol, your bodily functions will tend to __________ . A. slow down B. speed up C. work more smoothly

Slow down

Consequences of having an open bottle of alcohol while in car

Simply having an open container of alcohol in a car is illegal, even when the vehicle is parked and even if you aren't the one driving. You can be fined up to $500 for having an open container of alcohol in your car.A minimum of six days will be added to your jail sentence if you are arrested for drunk driving while in possession of an open container of alcohol.

If you feel tired on the road, it's best to pull over and take a nap. If this is impossible, or if for any other reason you continue driving, you can help avoid a fatal collision if you:

Sit up straight. If you lean forward, you'll have less control over your car and be more likely to fall asleep. Keep your eyes moving and check your mirrors frequently. Avoid overheating your car, even in the winter. Slow down and increase following distance so you'll have more time to react. Hum a song, chew a stick of gum, or have light conversation with passengers. Engaging your mind, but without distracting yourself from the road, can help you maintain awareness. Buckle your seat belt.

How drugs hamper your vision

Stimulants like nicotine, cocaine, and Ritalin often cause overactive eye movement, resulting in inadequate attention to individual elements in the driver's field of view. Depressants like alcohol, heroin, and muscle relaxants often cause the eye to become less responsive. This results in an inactive stare, which may cause the driver to miss very important information about his or her surroundings. Hallucinogens like marijuana, LSD, and Nyquil often cause hallucinations and inattentive eye movement. In addition to depriving the driver of important information, these drugs can cause the driver to respond to situations that don't actually exist.

Drugs' Deterioration of Driving Skills

Stimulants often cause shaking, restlessness, and compulsive movement. Depressants often cause slow movements, numbness, and loss of sense of balance. Hallucinogens can cause both shaking, restless movements and slow, imbalanced ones. They can also make the user feel a loss of sense of time and self, detaching them from their immediate situation.

How to do a U-turn

Stop close to the right edge of the roadway. Activate your left turn signal. Check the road ahead as well as your mirrors and blind spots. Drive forward slowly, turning the steering wheel rapidly to the left with the hand-over-hand technique. Position your car in the right-hand lane traveling in the opposite direction. Straighten your wheels and return to cruising speed.

How to do the three-point turn

Stop close to the right edge of the roadway. Activate your left turn signal. Check the road ahead as well as your mirrors and blind spots. Make sure you will have 20 to 30 seconds without interruption. Advance slowly, turning the steering wheel rapidly to the left with the hand-over-hand technique. This will cause you to cut across the roadway. As the front of your car approaches the curb on the opposite side of the roadway, turn the steering wheel rapidly to the right. Stop before your wheels hit the curb. Activate your right turn signal. Shift the transmission to reverse. Check both sides of the road for oncoming traffic. Back up slowly, turning the steering wheel rapidly to the right. This will cause you to back up. Your arc will point first towards your original lane, then backwards in your target lane. As the back of your car approaches the curb, turn the steering wheel rapidly to the left. Stop before your wheels hit the curb. Make sure your right turn signal is activated. Shift the transmission to the appropriate forward gear. Double-check for traffic. Drive forward towards the right until you are in the correct lane of traffic for moving forward. Center your car in the lane and return to cruising speed.

Impacts of Chronic Alcohol Abuse on Heart

Swelling, elevated diastolic blood pressure, and congestive heart failure are all associated with heavy alcohol consumption.

Which of the following is a good way to avoid aggression on the road? A. Gripping the steering wheel tightly B. Taking some deep breaths C. Turning up the temperature

Taking some deep breaths

Difference between temporary and permanent physical impairment

The difference is that while people with permanent disabilities are legally required to meet certain conditions to operate a vehicle, temporarily impaired individuals are personally responsiblefor determining whether or not they're fit to drive.If you're feeling sick or using medication that may affect your driving, the best thing you can do is rest and focus on getting better. If there's a chance your driving will be impaired, stay off the road.

True or False: A sudden, unexpected rise in speedometer reading is a sign of the wheels spinning freely against water

True A sudden, unexpected rise in engine RPMs and speedometer reading without a corresponding increase in accelerator pressure or vehicle speed can also indicate that your wheels are spinning freely against water.

Roof crush reinforcement

The design of the roof has been improved to make it more resistant to being crushed.

Which organ is responsible for breaking down nutritious and poisonous substances in the body? A. The kidneys B. The liver C. The pancreas

The liver

what happens The more information your brain has to sort at once

The more information your brain has to sort at once, the more likely you are to suffer "inattention blindness"

Gauges in instrument panel

The speedometer The fuel gauge The odometer The trip odometer The tachometer The temperature gauge

How Texas Transportation Code defines right-of-way as:

The right of one vehicle or pedestrian to proceed in a lawful manner in preference to another vehicle or pedestrian that is approaching from a direction, at a speed, and within a proximity that could cause a collision unless one grants precedence to the other

primary factors affecting the amount of traction between your tires and the road

The weight of your vehicle Whether your tires are properly inflated The material of the road The condition of the road Remember, traction decreases as the speed of your tires increases. At a certain point, your wheels can spin so fast that they can overcome the force of friction, causing your car to skid.

How to minimize the risk of being injured by an airbag

There should always be ten inches between your chest and the steering wheel. You should grip the lower half of the steering wheel with your knuckles on the outside of the wheel. If you have tilt steering, direct the steering wheel at your chest rather than your face. Make sure your seat belt is fastened.

True or False: Avoid driving side-by-side with other vehicles

True Avoid driving in a pack or side-by-side with other vehicles. Someone may crowd your lane or try to enter the lane position where you are driving.

One reason that young drinkers are especially likely to become dependent on alcohol is: A. They accumulate a greater amount of alcohol in their tissue B. They are more likely to engage in binge drinking C. They get used to dealing with their problems by drinking

They get used to dealing with their problems by drinking

Injection

This is especially dangerous because of the risk of diseases such as hepatitis and AIDS.

Why you should use hand-to-hand steering

This method of steering gives you more balance and precision and should be used when making minor adjustments or when moving through a turn or a slight curve. This steering method is effective because it allows you to retain a grip on the wheel at all times, even as you adjust the positions of your hands. Whatever hand is not immediately controlling the wheel should slide to the regular position while retaining a loose grip that can be quickly tightened if an evasive maneuver is necessary.

What makes you sober again

Time There's nothing you can do to speed this up: taking a shower, drinking coffee, or sweating won't make you any more sober. Only time will make you sober again.

How much tires psi change

Tires typically lose about 1 psi each month, and gain or lose about 1 psi for each 10° F change in temperature

Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD) First Vision Statement

To aid the victims of crimes performed by individuals driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, to aid the families of such victims and to increase public awareness of the problem of drinking and drugged driving."Since then, its mission has expanded to include stopping drunk driving altogether, as well as preventing underage drinking.

How to determine how much alcohol is in a drink

To determine how much alcohol is in a drink, divide the proof in half, and then divide that number by 100. Multiply the result by the number of ounces in the drink. See the chart on the next slide for examples.

Brake Pedal (Left of accelerator)

To slow your car or bring it to a stop, you should press the brake pedal with your right foot. When the brakes are activated, the rotation of your car's wheels will be restricted.

What a truck drivers must do to stop

To stop, truck drivers must use air brakes that take longer to engage. A tractor-trailer may take 400 ft to stop—longer than the length of a football field.

how to use hand-over-hand steering step by step

Turn the wheel to the right until your right hand approaches 4:00 or 5:00. Let go of the wheel with your right hand while continuing to turn the wheel with your left. Pass your right arm over your left arm. Use it to grasp the top of the wheel. Let go of the wheel with your left hand when it reaches 4:00 or 5:00. Use it to grasp the top of the wheel. Continue until the turn is complete.

True or False: Have your car's exhaust checked routinely. A small leak in your car's exhaust system can lead to a buildup of carbon monoxide inside your car.

True

True or False: Never change lanes or attempt to pass another car when driving through an intersection

True

True or False: Use the same caution around RVs as you would around large trucks and other large vehicles.

True

True or False: Whenever you have to look away from the roadway (e.g. to look behind you or check your speedometer), scan the road ahead of you and to your sides before and after you take your eyes off the road

True

True or False: If you are stopped for drunk driving, the police officer who stopped you will testify at your trial

True If you are stopped for drunk driving, the police officer who stopped you will testify at your trial about whether, in his or her judgment, you were in possession of your faculties. The officer will describe the actions that caused him or her to pull you over and the results of any field sobriety test he or she conducted. Your BAC level will be determined by a chemical breath or blood test conducted at the scene or at a police station following your arrest.

True or False: Most young drivers also lack experience in the consumption of alcohol and other drugs

True Most young drivers also lack experience in the consumption of alcohol and other drugs. This can make them worse both at predicting future impairment and assessing current impairment. Any amount of impairment makes you unequipped to safely drive a motor vehicle, whether you've suffered a decline in muscle control and vision, or a decline in judgment alone.The solution to this problem is applicable to drivers of all ages. Never combine driving with alcohol or other drugs, period. If you're going to drive, don't drink. If you're going to drink, find a designated driver or take a taxi.

True or False: Never jerk your seat belt too quickly when you pull it across your shoulder

True Never jerk your seat belt too quickly when you pull it across your shoulder, as it may lock and become too tight, causing discomfort and restricting your movement. If your belt locks, do not latch it, but ease it back slightly until it unlocks. Pull it back over your shoulder smoothly and fasten it.Passengers in the rear seat should follow the same procedure for adjusting their seat belts. However, the belt in the center position generally has no automatic retractor and must be tightened manually by the occupant in that seat.

True or False: Drugs should never be used in combination

True Not only will the effect be more pronounced than that of a single drug, but it will also be more unpredictable. For instance, combining alcohol and marijuana will make a driver's performance significantly worse than it would be after using either drug individually. Don't even consider it.

True or False: You must yield the right-of-way to any emergency vehicle no matter what.

True You must yield the right-of-way to any emergency vehicle (police car, fire truck, or ambulance) that has its lights flashing, its siren blaring, or both.The drivers of these vehicles are responding to an emergency. Their ability to get to their destination as quickly as possible could literally mean the difference between life and death. You should do everything you can to cooperate with these drivers.

how To turn right with the hand-to-hand method

Turn the wheel towards the right until your left hand approaches 12:00 and your right hand approaches 6:00. With your left hand holding the wheel firmly, slide your right hand back up to 3:00 or 4:00. Keep turning the wheel towards the right with your right hand while you slide your left hand down to 8:00 or 9:00. Continue until the turn is complete.

What to do when parked up hill with a curb

Turn wheels away from curb

What to do when parked downhill with a curb

Turn wheels into the curb

What to do when parked up hill without a curb

Turn wheels towards the edge

Turning the ignition switch (Part 1 of activating engine)

Turn your key to the On position. Check all gauges and warning lights. Turn your key to the Start position. Hold it in position until you hear the engine begin to run. If the engine fails to engage after ten seconds, release your key, wait ten seconds, and try again. Once the engine is running, double-check the indicators and gauges to make sure all systems are normal. Adjust your climate controls, activate your headlights, and perform any other operations involving your vehicle's accessories. If your car has a manual transmission, you may remove your foot from the clutch pedal until you're ready to shift gears.

Why heroin injections are dangerous

Unclean needles can carry infectious diseases. Bacterial and fungal heart infections can develop, as well as HIV, hepatitis, and other diseases. The user's veins may begin to scar and ultimately collapse. The user may also develop sores at sites used for injection. Direct injection into the bloodstream increases the risk of overdose. The entire dose of the drug will reach the brain much faster than through inhalation, absorption, or oral ingestion.

How to minimize the effects of glare

Use your car's sun visors Adjust the angle of your rearview mirror with the tab at the bottom Wear sun glasses or other dark lenses during the sunset or other times when the sun is especially bright Avoid looking directly at the headlights of oncoming cars Keep your windshield and windows clean

When to use high-beam headlights

Use your high-beam headlights on darker roadways. However, whenever you are within 500 ft of an approaching vehicle or within 300 ft of a vehicle you are following, you must switch back to your low-beams.

license fraud (misrepresentation of age)

Using a false name or information to obtain a license Using another person's license Using a cancelled or revoked license Using or possessing a fake license Possessing more than one license Lending your license to someone else

Multifunction lever

Usually found on the left side of the steering column, this lever is used to activate turn signals and various vehicle lights, including low-beams, high-beams, parking lights, and fog lights.

Certain rules that apply to all trucks carrying cargo or pulling a trailer, regardless of whether it is a commercial truck or standard passenger truck

Vehicles may only tow a trailer, semi-trailer, or house trailer when it is attached by an approved safety chain. The drawbar, chain, rope, or cable used to attach a trailer to a vehicle must not be longer than 15 ft. When one of these connections is used, a white flag that is 12 inches square or larger must be mounted on the trailer.

creeping acceleration

Very subtly increasing speed

How to make a center left turn

Wait for a gap in the traffic in front of you approaching from the left. Turn left into the left turn lane. Stop inside the lane and activate your right turn signal. When a gap appears in traffic approaching from the right, accelerate and steer into the traffic lane.

The ways alcohol increases your reaction time

Weakened memory makes it difficult to anticipate turns, red lights, and other normal driving situations. Poor vision makes you unaware of your surroundings, sometimes causing you to fail to react to an important hazard. Slower understanding and reasoning causes you to make decisions like when to apply the brake much more slowly. Poor muscle control and physical coordination makes you unable to act on your decisions with normal speed and accuracy.

How to improve safety as a pedestrian

Wear light or reflective clothing to make yourself more visible when walking at night Avoid distractions such as cell phones, music, eating and drinking, and conversation with others Avoid entering the roadway when intoxicated

What You Need To Know To Calculate BAC

Weight: your weight, in pounds Alcohol: the amount of alcohol consumed, in ounces Time: the time since you began drinking, in hours 0.015%: the rate at which BAC decreases per hour 8 or 10: 8 if you are a male, 10 if you are a female

What to look for when parking

Well-lit Near the exit of the parking area Easy to enter and leave Easy to find when you return (parking near a distinctive feature or landmark is a good way to remember the location of your car) Not so close to other cars that you and the other drivers will have difficulty opening a door or maneuvering safely Not near an obstruction that will block your view when leaving the space

Distance between rear and curb when a curb or end of a parking space appears to intersect with the middle of your left rear window as you look back (When a curb or line appears to intersect the rear of the right rear window, the rear of your vehicle is three feet from the line.)

When a curb or end of a parking space appears to intersect with the middle of your left rear window as you look back, the rear of your vehicle is 3-6 inches from it.

Execute (Third and Last Step of SEE IT)

When changing lanes, turning, or pulling over to the side of the road, you should plan ahead, make yourself predictable, keep yourself away from danger, and avoid others rather than forcing them to avoid you.

What to do whenever you turn on your windshield wipers

When clouds make the road dim or dark, and whenever you turn on your windshield wipers, turn on your headlights

What to do when driving snowy or icy conditions

When driving in snowy or icy conditions, slow down, increase following distance, and maneuver gently. The risk of losing traction is even greater than on wet roads, so drive even more slowly than you would in the rain.When you begin driving on snow or ice, test your brake response to check traction. As you drive, continue to pay close attention to the grip of your tires on the road. Drive particularly slowly through turns and near pedestrians.

what to do When driving in strong winds

When driving in strong winds, slow down and increase following distance. Drive in the center of your lane, and grip the steering wheel firmly to keep control over your position.

What to do when driving up a steep hill

When driving up a steep hill, maintain a steady speed by increasing pressure on the accelerator. This will keep the front of the vehicle from rising.

Visual Target when driving

When driving, you should choose a fixed object 12-20 seconds ahead of you on the road to be your __

Distance between a car and curb when parking

When parking on the side of the road, you must park parallel to and within 18 inches of the curb.

What to check when doing a under the hood maintenance check

When performing an under-the-hood maintenance inspection, check the levels of: Coolant: The fluid should be above the "cold" mark in the coolant container. If there is no coolant in the container, remove the radiator cap and check the level in the radiator. Remember never to do this when the engine is hot, so you will not get badly burned. Motor oil: Pull out the dipstick, wipe it, insert it fully, and pull it out again to check the level of oil slick at the bottom of the gauge. If it is below the recommended level, add more oil. Windshield wiper fluid: Check the reservoir of fluid to make sure there is enough. You will have to add fluid more frequently in months when you use your wipers more. Brake fluid, transmission fluid, clutch fluid, power steering fluid, etc.: Make sure that you have sufficient fluids for all the components in your car that use them. Make sure the connections between the battery cables and the battery are clean. Check your car's hoses and drive belts for cracks, swelling, and looseness. Only inspect components when the engine is cold. If you try to handle hot engine components, you could be burned by scalding metal or boiling fluids. Never check under the hood of your car immediately after driving.

How long the gap should be in the lane you intend to enter

When preparing to change lanes, it is extremely important that you wait until there is a sufficient gap for you to safely merge with traffic in the lane you are entering. You should only change lanes when there is a gap in traffic of at least four seconds in the lane you intend to enter. This will leave you and the car behind you a two-second following distance, which is the smallest following distance considered safe.

Application of Inertia

When stopped, your car will not start unless you engage the engine or it is pushed by another car. When moving, your car will keep moving until another force slows it down or stops it. A driver can apply this force by depressing the brake, or this force can come from an external source such as the surface of the road, a fixed object (such as a telephone pole), or another vehicle.

what happens when hallucinogenic drugs reach the brain

When the drug reaches the brain, the way a person thinks, sees, hears, and acts can become distorted. A user may believe he or she possesses super strength or is invulnerable. These effects are frequently so overwhelming that anyone experiencing them should avoid driving at all costs.

What to do before turning into or out of a driveway

When turning into or out of a driveway, you must follow the standard procedures for making a turn. Begin signaling at least 100 ft in advance. Yield to cross traffic before making a left turn into or out of a driveway.

what to do when understeering occurs

When understeering occurs, you should remove your foot from the accelerator, decreasing your speed and increasing front wheel traction, while making the appropriate steering corrections.

off-tracking

When vehicles turn, their rear wheels follow a shorter path than the front wheels. The longer the vehicle is, the greater this effect, which is known as off-tracking. If you're following a truck as you approach an intersection and it shifts into the left lane, don't assume that it's making a left turn. Check its signals. Because of off-tracking, truck drivers will often enter the left lane before turning right.Wait for a truck to finish turning right before you proceed. If you enter the right lane beside a truck making a right turn, your car may be sandwiched between the truck and the curb. If you try to pass on the left, you may be forced out of your lane and into oncoming traffic by the truck's trailer.

what to do when you are involved in a collision that has resulted in injury, death, or property damage of at least $1,000

When you are involved in a collision that has resulted in injury, death, or property damage of at least $1,000, you must report the collision to the DPS within 10 days of the event. If an officer visits the scene of the collision, he or she will file a report with the DPS that fulfills this requirement.If you don't file a report within 10 days of the collision, you may be fined up to $500.

Impacts of Chronic Alcohol Abuse on Esophagus

When you consume alcohol, it must pass through the esophagus, which connects the mouth to the stomach. As a component of the digestive tract, the esophagus is susceptible to toxic effects both immediately, when it initially comes into contact with alcohol, and later on, when it receives blood suffused with alcohol's metabolic byproducts.A metabolic byproduct known as acetaldehyde can cause particularly severe damage. Acetaldehyde interrupts gene sequences within individual cells, promoting excessive cell growth and increasing the likelihood that genes will mutate and that those mutations will be replicated. As a result, alcohol damages your esophagus—and your mouth, pharynx, larynx, stomach, and intestines—and increases the chances that a fatal cancer will develop.

What to do in rainy weather

When you encounter rainy weather while driving, slow down. This is the easiest and most effective action you can take to reduce risk.The faster your vehicle's wheels spin, the less traction they have against the road's surface. When the road is wet, traction is reduced even further. By slowing down, you increase traction, enabling you to accelerate, brake, and steer reliably.

what to do When you have a problem with your vehicle that makes it difficult or impossible to continue driving safely

When you have a problem with your vehicle that makes it difficult or impossible to continue driving safely, you must pull over onto the side of the road. To make your car more visible to other drivers, you should: Turn on your emergency warning lights. At night, you should also turn on your inside lights. If you do not have emergency warning lights, activate your taillights. Tie a white cloth to your radio antenna or door handle or raise the hood of your car.

controlled braking

When you need to slow your vehicle in a deliberate manner, such as when entering a construction zone, apply steady pressure to your brakes until you reach the desired speed

What to do when you notice that there is less traction between your tires and the roadway

When you notice that there is less traction between your tires and the roadway, slow down! Exercise caution as you decrease your speed. If you brake too quickly, you could lose control of your vehicle and start to skid. Lift your foot from the accelerator and shift the transmission to a lower gear, if possible.

What to ask when your doctor prescribes medication

When your doctor prescribes a medication, ask him or her if it will impair your ability to drive. Always follow the instructions and know the effects of any drug you use.

Turn Signal Indicators (Instrument Panel)

When your left or right turn signal is activated, a corresponding indicator on the dashboard will flash. After you turn or change lanes, check to make sure your signal is deactivated.

Good thing about BGE

When your mirrors are set to this position, your two large blind spots will be replaced with four smaller ones, none of which is large enough to completely conceal a car. However, your side mirrors will not reflect any of your car or provide an extra view of the road behind you

How alcohol damages immune system

White blood cells, which are responsible for fighting diseases, are worse at destroying the cells they attack. So-called "natural killer" cells, a specialized form of white blood cell, suffer a reduced ability to destroy tumors. T-cells, another type of white blood cell, have difficulty developing. Either too many or two few cytokines, which tell bodily tissues how to respond to an infection, are produced. Too many cytokines can lead to tissue damage, while too few leave tissue especially vulnerable to infection.

What white lines painted on the floor are used for

White lines always separate lanes of traffic moving in the same direction

Manual transmission

While most American drivers prefer cars with an automatic transmission, some newer cars and many older cars and European cars use a manual transmission (also called a standard transmission). With a manual transmission, you must always select the gear you wish to use by depressing the clutch pedal and setting the stick shift to the correct position. Although it takes more experience and effort to use a manual transmission safely and successfully, drivers using a manual transmission have more control over their driving.

When to check the mirrors

While most situations you'll respond to will be on the road ahead, you should scan your mirrors automatically every 6-8 seconds to check for cars approaching too quickly, cars tailgating you, or emergency vehicles or vulnerable road users approaching. Check your mirrors to make sure you can maneuver safely whenever you change lanes, turn, pass another car, or brake.

Effects of Alcohol on Driving Tasks

With a BAC of at least 0.02% to 0.05%, your information processing skills will be reduced and you'll be less likely to notice traffic control devices, vulnerable road users, and important information on the dashboard. With a BAC of at least 0.02% to 0.06%, you'll start to feel drowsy, increasing the chances that you'll doze off or experience a microsleep while driving, especially if it's late at night and you're already fatigued. With a BAC of at least 0.02% to 0.08%, you'll become less capable of multitasking as you drive. The more things you have to deal with, the more likely you'll forget about something important or make a mistake when you have to perform a maneuver. With a BAC of at least 0.05% to 0.08%, your ability to keep your vehicle in your lane (which is known as tracking) will decrease. Because you'll have less muscle control, you'll be more likely to steer erratically, cross into another lane, run off the road, or attract the attention of a police officer.

How to make a two-point turn if the driveway Is on your right

With your car about three feet from the right curb, drive forward until your car has just passed the driveway completely. Shift the transmission to Reverse. Double-check for traffic and pedestrians. Look over your shoulder to your rear. Back up slowly, turning the steering wheel rapidly to the right to enter the driveway. Straighten your wheels and center your car in the driveway. Stop once the front of your car is out of the roadway. Activate your left turn signal. Shift the transmission to the appropriate forward gear. Check the roadway and yield to any drivers or pedestrians on the road or sidewalk. Drive forward, steering toward the left as you cross the yellow center line.

how To enter the roadway from the side of the road

With your foot on the brake pedal and the parking brake engaged, activate the engine. Select the proper gear Check for traffic. Look in your side and rearview mirrors and glance over your shoulder towards the roadway to make sure your blind spot is clear. Indicate the direction you intend to travel by activating the appropriate turn signal. With your right foot on the brake pedal, release the parking brake. Check your mirrors and blind spots again to make sure there are no potential threats to your maneuver. Identify a gap in traffic for you to occupy when you enter the road. Remove your foot from the brake. Be prepared for your car to start moving as soon as you release the brakes. Depress the accelerator pedal gradually and, if you are driving a manual transmission, remove your left foot from the clutch pedal. Smoothly steer to your intended lane position and accelerate to the appropriate speed.

When it is illegal to stand or park

Within 15 ft of a fire hydrant Within 20 ft of a fire station driveway, or within 75 ft of the fire station on the opposite sidewalk Within 300 ft of a fire with fire vehicles present In a place that blocks the fire exit or emergency exit of a building Within 500 ft of a collision with a police officer present

Why speeding is dangerous

You have less time to react to hazards You have less control over your vehicle It's harder for you to see out of your peripheral vision It takes longer to brake The impact of a collision will be greater

How passengers can distract you

Yelling or talking loudly, drowning out road noise and increasing your level of anxiety Arguing with you, bringing up a personal problem, or trying to deal with an emotional matter, diverting your attention from driving Eating while you're hungry, making it hard for you to concentrate Pointing out something on the side of the road that would require you to take your eyes off the roadway Partially hanging out the window or yelling at people outside your car Unexpectedly adjusting your stereo or other vehicle controls Second guessing your decisions or offering commentary on your driving

Speed limit signs on expressway exit ramps are generally colored __________ . A. green and white B. white and red C. yellow and black

Yellow and black

what yellow lines painted on the floor is used for

Yellow lines always separate lanes of traffic moving in opposite directions

What flashing yellow light should be treated as

Yield sign

what two cars should do if one car is trying to enter from a deceleration lane

Yield to drivers who seek to enter your lane from a deceleration lane to your left.

While drivers are generally required to pass on the left, passing on the right is allowed when:

You are driving on a one-way road There are two or more lanes of traffic moving in your direction and the right side of the road is clear of parked cars or other potential hazards The vehicle ahead of you is slowing, stopping, disabled, or preparing to turn left and there is a paved shoulder on the right of the road that you can drive on

Always drive on the right side of the road unless:

You are passing another vehicle You need to move left to avoid an obstruction: if you do this, you must yield to any vehicle in the lane you are using to avoid the obstruction, if the vehicle is close enough to present a hazard You are driving on a multi-lane roadway or a one-way roadway

Alternatives to using the brake

You can reduce your speed a little bit simply by taking your foot off the accelerator pedal. When driving a car with a manual transmission, you can lower your speed by shifting into a lower gear.

Your insurance policy may be cancelled if: A. You are found at-fault for a collision B. You cause a DUI collision C. You receive a traffic citation

You cause a DUI collision

What foot to use on the brake and accelerator pedals

You should always use your right foot to operate the accelerator pedal as well as the brake pedal. This will prevent you from trying to push down on both pedals at the same time, which could cause permanent damage to your car.As you drive, keep the heel of your right foot on the floor of the car and apply pressure to the appropriate pedal with the ball of your foot and your toes. This technique will allow you to switch rapidly between pedals and give you finer control over the amount of pressure you apply.

When not to pass

Your visibility is limited, making it impossible to judge whether you have enough room to pass safely You are approaching or driving on a hill, curve, or bridge or in a tunnel Road or weather conditions would make it difficult to maneuver or stop rapidly in an emergency Other vehicles are approaching in the lane of traffic you intend to use to pass The car ahead of you is planning to turn, change lanes, or stop You are driving in a no passing zone

To obtain Provisional Class C license

You will have to pass an in-car driving skills test to obtain your Provisional Class C license

Good Samaritan Law

You won't be held responsible for any damages that accidentally result from your care unless you expect payment, are aware that injury will result from your treatment, or are found responsible for the collision.

Why alcohol doesn't help you forget

You're more likely to dwell on sad thoughts when drinking, and you'll have more difficulty than normal thinking of ways to actually solve your problems.The depressing effects of alcohol persist even when you're done drinking, and can contribute to major depressive disorder. Eventually, there may seem to be no way out at all. Don't doom yourself by making this mistake—don't think for a second that drinking will make you forget your problems.

Occupational, or Essential Needs, License

allow drivers to operate their vehicles only for certain purposes or under certain conditions, and do not require the driver to install an II

information that you and any other drivers involved in a collision must share with the police and each other

Your names Your addresses Your drivers license numbers Your license plate numbers The names and addresses of your insurance companies

What happens to vision when drinking

Your peripheral vision will be decreased, giving you tunnel vision and making it harder for you to notice what's going on around you. Your depth perception will be impaired, making it impossible for you to judge distances and maintain a safe space around your car.

Effects of Alcohol on Physical Coordination

Your sense of balance will diminish, making you feel as though you're falling even when you're not and causing you to overcompensate when trying to correct minor mistakes. You'll be less able to control your muscles, making it difficult to perform simple physical tasks even when you understand what you're trying to do. Your vision and bodily movements will become abnormally detached from your mental understanding of your immediate surroundings. As a consequence, you're likely to move your body in ineffective ways.

Ideal driving position

Your view of the road should not be obstructed by the hood of the car. Your left foot should rest on the dead pedal. Your right foot should be positioned on the floor between the accelerator and brake pedals Your head restraint should be positioned at the top of your ears Your seat belt should be properly fastened

Instrument Panel

area of the dashboard behind the steering wheel

Egotism

a feeling that no one else matters as much as oneself. (A common trait among aggressive drivers) Egotistical people generally act as though rules don't apply to them. An egotistical driver is more likely to speed and drive in an unsafe way, and is less likely to yield the right-of-way, make room for merging vehicles, or let other drivers pass.

How much longer a large truck will take to pass

a large truck will take three to five seconds longer to pass than a car

Visual Acuity

ability to perceive objects precisely and notice small details with your central vision (important for reading road signs, recognizing other road users, and identifying hazards)

depth perception

ability to see in three dimensions; affected by environmental conditions like fog and darkness as well as by medical conditions

How many high school students admitted to drinking in the 30 days prior to the survey.

about 35% of high school students admitted to drinking in the 30 days prior to the survey.

One of the safest strategies you can adopt for listening to the stereo in your car

accept what you're listening to

What to do before backing up

activate the appropriate turn signal and make sure your car will be able to clear all obstacles. While the back of your car will move in the direction you turn the steering wheel, the front of the car will swing out in the opposite direction. As a result, your car will end up oriented in the correct direction for moving forward.

Impacts of Chronic Alcohol Abuse on Pancreas

alcohol damages your pancreas by causing it to release some of its digestive enzymes internally, rather than in the small intestine, and by exposing it to abnormally high levels of the toxic byproducts of the breakdown of alcohol.Because of these effects, the pancreas can become inflamed, causing a condition known as pancreatitis.

What alcohol is

alcohol is a sedative, a depressant, and a tranquilizer

Under the Safety Responsibility Act

all Texas drivers are required to obtain liability insurance or otherwise demonstrate financial responsibility.

Administrative License Revocation (ALR) law

allows a law enforcement agent to immediately suspend a drivers license for certain offenses related to driving while intoxicated. An officer can immediately suspend the license of a driver at least 21 years old if a chemical test shows that the driver's BAC is 0.08% or higher. Moreover, the license of a driver under 21 can be immediately suspended if there is any detectable amount of alcohol in his or her system.

Cloverleaf interchange

allows traffic to flow between two crossing expressways without having to stop or turn. It consists of eight ramps (four are looped and four are curved). The ramps require drivers to slow down to a safe speed. Reflector poles posted on the ramps help drivers navigate through the curves.

only places where it is acceptable to park

along the curb of the roadway, in a designated public parking lot, or in a private driveway or garage.

Hallucinogens

alter perceptive and emotional faculties. They can cause hallucinations, delusions, mood swings, loss of sense of time and self, and other intellectual distortions.

Golden rule of driving

always treat other drivers the way you want to be treated

what to do after parking uphill or downhill on a road without a curb

always turn your wheels to the right. This ensures that if your car rolls, it will roll off the highway rather than into traffic.

What to do even after a train has passed

always watch for trains on the other tracks or another train on the same track Freight trains do not follow set schedules, so you should always expect a train unless the signals indicate that it is safe to proceed. Before proceeding, make sure that the tracks in both directions are clear of trains.

Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)

amount of alcohol in your system is measured with a number

Blind spot and Glare Elimination (BGE)

an alternate approach to adjusting the side mirrors To use this setting, your side mirrors must be turned outward from the traditional setting by about 15 degrees.

Phase Two of the GDL program

applying for a provisional drivers license (During Phase Two, drivers do not have to be supervised when they drive.)

what to do If you're parked curbside

approach the driver's door from the front so you can scan the road behind your car and wait to open your door if there are oncoming vehicles, bicyclists, etc.

what to do If you're parked in a lot

approach your car from the rear to check the back of the vehicle and see if any pedestrians or objects are nearby.

Acceleration lane

area of an expressway entrance that is used by drivers to speed up before merging with traffic On shorter acceleration lanes, you'll need to accelerate more quickly to match the flow of traffic. Search for a gap as you approach and be prepared to adjust your speed.

How readily available Schedule IV drugs are

available only by prescription. They are controlled in a manner similar to schedule III drugs.

What to do If you're out with friends and anyone plans to drink

be sure to choose a designated driverbefore anyone starts drinking. The designated driver's duty is to get everyone home safely. This means he or she can't have a single sip of alcohol. If you're drinking alone, don't bring a car.Always choose a designated driver. It's one of the safest and surest ways to avoid drunk driving deaths.

What it means about alcohol because of the high concentration of neurons in the brain

because of the high concentration of neurons in the brain, it is extremely sensitive to chemicals like alcohol that affect the central nervous system

Increasing Radius Curves

become less sharp as the driver proceeds through the curve.

When Phase Two of GDL Program begins

begins when you apply for your provisional drivers license

deformation

being flexed out of shape

When you feel most inclined to sleep (Circadian Rhythms)

between midnight and 6 a.m., and between 1 p.m. and 3 p.m.

Peyote

cactus containing mescaline, a chemical with effects similar to those of LSD, but with different types of hallucinations.

what to do If no completely sober driver is available

call your friends and family members until you reach someone who can come pick you up.

Trip odometer (instrument panel)

can be reset to zero manually so you can calculate trip mileage and fuel consumption.

Using phones while driving (can lead to)

can lead to fines and a suspension of your driving privilege.

What odor of burning resin or acrid chemicals could mean

can signal that the clutch or brakes are overheated

Exhaust pipe

carries dangerous vapors away from your car's engine. A malfunctioning exhaust pipe can cause carbon monoxide poisoning, an invisible but deadly threat.

Downhill curves

cause vehicles to pick up speed naturally as they proceed through the curve.

what large doses of depressants do

impair judgment, reflexes, and speech

What to do before changing lanes

check your mirrors and look briefly over your shoulder towards your blind spot in the lane you intend to enter. Make sure there is sufficient space for you to enter the lane and that the car following you is not also preparing to change lanes or pass you. Check the far lane, if there is one, to make sure a vehicle there is not planning to enter your target lane.Continue scanning your mirrors as you perform the maneuver.

How to avoid Velocitation

check your speed constantly

How to remain consistently focused on the road

choose to ignore any potential source of distraction

Frequently, two expressways that intersect will be connected by a __________ . A. cloverleaf interchange B. diamond interchange C. trumpet interchange

cloverleaf interchange

Virginia Tech Transportation Institute study

conducted a study on a sample of drivers in which each driver's actions behind the wheel were monitored by cameras and other sensors. Researchers found that distraction was a factor in approximately 23% of all collisions and near-collisions. allowed them to determine how much each distracting action increased the risk of a collision and what percentage of all distracted driving collisions could be attributed to that action.

Crossbuck sign (regulatory signs)

consists of pair of crossed rectangular signs depicting the words "Railroad Crossing"; posted at railroad crossings to indicate that drivers must proceed with caution only after checking for oncoming trains

cornering (1 of 2 types of steering)

consists of steering the vehicle around a turn without an excessive amount of leaning.

Directional control (1 of 2 types of steering)

consists of the slight steering movements required to keep a car centered in its lane

two basic kinds of intersections:

controlled and uncontrolled

How driving environments are classified

controlled, low, moderate, or complex

Guide signs

convey information about the driver's present location and upcoming destinations.

What sweaty, steamy odor can indicate

coolant leak

annual economic costs of alcohol abuse

cost the United States approximately $249 billion.

Bath Salts

dangerous stimulants containing amphetamine-like chemicals such as mephedrone and MDPV. Designed to simulate the effects of meth and cocaine using legally-available chemicals, bath salts could be legally obtained until recently, when they were reclassified as controlled substances in Texas and throughout the U.S.

The Rules of the Road by William Phelps Eno

defined a traffic code for New York City

Fatigue

defined as a physical and mental state that occurs following a period of activity and is characterized by a lower capacity for work and concentration, as well as reduced efficiency. Mental or physical work, emotional stress, and lack of sleep can all result in fatigue.

Binge drinking

defined as heavy alcohol consumption that occurs intermittently. Men who consume five or more drinks and a row, and women who consume four or more drinks in a row, are considered to be binge drinking, especially if this drinking occurs in the span of two hours or less.

Symptoms of withdrawal

depend on the person, the drug, and the way the drug was used. Often, the user will suffer effects opposite those of the drug itself—such as lethargy with stimulants, or overexcitement with depressants. Because the body has learned to counter the effects of the drug to adapt to its presence, when the drug is removed, the user feels the effects of the countering forces intensely.

Strength of Gravity

depends on the mass of the objects and the distance between the objects. (The more mass two objects have, or the closer two objects are, the stronger the force of gravity between them will be.Mass is a measure of the amount of matter that makes up an object. An object's mass is a product of its volume) (how much space the object takes up) (and its density) (how tightly matter is packed in the object). (In practical terms, an object's mass is very similar to its weight.)

What perception time depends on

depends on visibility, the driver's physical condition, and the road situation

Areas with red curbs

designated fire lanes

Antilock brakes

designed to prevent this problem. Think of __ as a hand that slows a spinning wheel by grabbing it very briefly over and over again until it stops. As long as regular brakes are fully depressed, they continue to clasp the wheels until they stop spinning. __, however, apply smaller amounts of pressure repeatedly to make sure the wheels slow down at the same rate as the car. If the wheel seems about to lock up, the brakes release some pressure until it's safe to apply more.

Active Steering Control Systems

detect where the driver is intending to travel and make adjustments automatically to facilitate steering and improve control.

Schedule III Drugs

determined by the DEA and the FDA to have any one of the three following attributes: They have a currently accepted medical use in the United States that is safe under medical supervision. They have a lower potential for abuse than drugs in schedule I or II. Abuse may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence.

Schedule IV Drugs

determined by the DEA and the FDA to have any one of the three following attributes: They have a currently accepted medical use in the United States that is safe under medical supervision. They have a lower potential for abuse than drugs in schedule III. Abuse may lead to limited physical dependence or moderate psychological dependence relative to drugs in schedule III.

Schedule V Drugs

determined by the DEA and the FDA to have any one of the three following attributes: They have a currently accepted medical use in the United States that is safe under medical supervision. They have a lower potential for abuse than drugs in schedule IV. Abuse may lead to limited physical dependence or moderate psychological dependence relative to drugs in schedule IV.

Schedule I Drugs

determined by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to have any one of the three following attributes: They have no currently accepted medical use in the United States. They cannot be safely used, even under medical supervision. They have a high potential for abuse.

Exception to Obeying all official traffic control devices, including signs, signals, and pavement markings

directed to do something else by a traffic or police officer or are operating an emergency vehicle.

Long-term effects of alcoholism

disease and degeneration of organs and tissues and changes in the balance of chemicals in the nervous system

Odometer (instrument panel)

displays how many miles your vehicle has travelled since it was built

Vehicle Balance

distribution of a vehicle's weight across its four tires as they meet the ground. A vehicle in good working order that is parked on level ground is at its ideal balance.Good vehicle balance also depends on having wheels with optimal tire pressure and a suspension system that is working properly. The suspension system is your vehicle's system of springs, shock absorbers, and linkages connecting the vehicle to its wheels.

How hallucinogens are divided into

divided into dissociatives and the prototypical hallucinogens (what they normally mean).

Concurrently

doing several tasks at once

What to do when you must use your cell phone while driving

find a safe place to park before placing or taking a call. By taking a short break from driving, you can refresh your attention and motor control while you have your conversation. When you drive, leave your phone off so you're not tempted to use it except when absolutely necessary. If someone calls you about something important, they can leave a message. A true friend will understand that getting to your destination safely takes priority over a conversation you could have at any time.

penalties for a minor's first non-driving alcohol-related offense

fine of up to $500, 8 to 12 hours of community service, and a 30-day license suspension or denial, and will be required to attend an alcohol awareness course.

If you violate right-of-way rules concerning school buses

fined between $500 and $1,250 for a first offense. For a second offense, you may be fined up to $2,000 and receive a 6-month license suspension.You will face more significant charges if you cause serious injury or if you have previously been convicted of causing injury to another.

What could happen if stopped

fined, referred to a special program, or, in the most serious cases, sent to jail or prison

If you arrive at a red light and you intend to turn,

first yield to all traffic and pedestrians using the intersection Once the intersection is free of traffic that might interfere with your movement, you may: Turn right (unless a "No Right on Red" sign is posted) Turn left if both roads are one-way and it is possible to make a left turn

How many children are born with some disability or medical problem due to their mother's alcohol use during pregnancy.

five children in every 1,000 are born with some disability or medical problem due to their mother's alcohol use during pregnancy.

Black ice

form of ice that develops very quickly, finishing smooth and almost completely clear. Black ice is often invisible from more than a few feet away.

other names for high-speed roadways

freeways, toll roads, throughways, turnpikes, and expressway

911 Lifeline Law

gives protection to persons under 21 for providing help to victims of alcohol poisoning. Under this law, if a person under 21 calls 911 because he or she believes another person may be experiencing alcohol poisoning, the caller can't be charged for possessing or consuming alcohol in connection with the event.To receive this protection, the caller must wait for and cooperate with law enforcement and emergency crews. Only the first person to call 911 in each case is eligible.

How you will be graded for the in-car driving skills test to obtain Provisional Class C license

graded on how well you control your car, observe what other traffic is doing, positionyour car in the lane properly, and signal as required.

Effects of hallucinogens

greatly disturb the mind and dangerously disrupt vital organ functions Anxiety, depression, fear, and panic Impaired memory and loss of coordination Nausea, vomiting, and sweating Lethally increased heart rate and body temperature A false sense of well-being Delusions, hallucinations, and psychosis To a greater extent than other drugs, the effects of hallucinogens depend on the specific personality and mental state of the user. For this reason, their effects vary widely from person to person.

Anxiety, panic, poor coordination, nausea, increased body temperature, and delusions are common side effects of __________. A. stimulants B. depressants C. hallucinogens

hallucinogens

your car's blind spots

hard to see from your position in the driver's seat, or obscured by other obstacles.

dissociatives

have a weaker version of many of the effects of the prototypical hallucinogens. In addition, they have stronger effects of dulled senses, loss of sense of self, and sedation.

requirement to obtain Occupational, or Essential Needs, License

he or she can demonstrate an essential need to use a car (e.g. for work or school or to transport a family member)

penalties If a minor is under 17 and convicted of a third non-driving alcohol-related offense

he or she will be tried in juvenile court as a child in need of supervision or in criminal court as an adult depending on the circumstances. In addition to other penalties, he or she will face a 180-day license suspension or denial.

penalties If a minor is 17 or over and convicted of a third non-driving alcohol-related offence

he or she will face a fine between $250 and $2000, 20 to 40 hours of community service, a 180-day license suspension or denial, and a jail term of up to 180 days.

the most dangerous of all collisions

head-on crash

Banked curves

higher on one side of the roadway than the other.

Traffic flow

how smoothly and efficiently the users of the highway transportation system can proceed to their destination. defined in terms of the number of vehicles that pass a given point in an hour. The better the traffic flow on a roadway, the more vehicles are able to use it in the same period of time.

Penalties for using a drivers license in an illegal way

if you use a drivers license in an illegal way, you will face additional penalties including a fine of up to $2,000, a license suspension for up to a year, and a jail term of 72 hours to 180 days.

synthetic marijuana, also known as K2 or Spice

illegal in Texas. While these drugs claim to work through a mixture of legal herbs, in fact, this hallucinogen uses dangerous synthetic cannabinoids to achieve effects similar to those of marijuana.Although K2 could be legally obtained until recently, early research suggests that this drug may be more dangerous than marijuana itself. Synthetic cannibinoid use has been linked with severe and prolonged psychosis, and it is believed to be significantly more addictive than marijuana.

Headlights

illuminate the road ahead of your car and show other drivers your location. Activate your low-beam headlights in low light, poor weather, and other reduced visibility situations.

Taillight

illuminate when your headlights are on, and emit a brighter light when you press the brake pedal. They show other drivers the location of your car and alert them when you're braking.

Brake light

illuminates when you press the brake pedal. It shows a second brake light to drivers whose view of either taillight is blocked or obscured.

Parking lights

installed near the headlights to help ensure that your car can be seen by other drivers. Some vehicles also have daytime running lights to increase visibility in daylight.

Street racing

involves vehicles racing on deserted streets, generally in the middle of the night

Department of Public Safety (DPS)

issues licenses and endorsements to individuals who have demonstrated the skills and attitudes necessary for safe driving.

what it means If the driver flashes his or her lights at you after you have passed

it is an indication that you have cleared the truck and may return to your lane.

It's particularly important to respond quickly to signs of imminent rainfall because when rain first hits the road, __________. A. it mixes with oils and creates a slippery film B. rising steam reduces visibility C. it's impossible to gain traction

it mixes with oils and creates a slippery film

what to do When a yellow "X" is flashing over a lane

it should be treated as a center left turn lane

Other names for cocaine

known by names such as 'crack,' 'coke,' and 'blow'

Hallucinogenic drugs

known to distort how users perceive reality and process information; come in natural and synthetic forms

Drug Elimination

liver and kidneys filter drugs out of the bloodstream and convert them to inactive chemicals, while the skin, lungs, and digestive system excrete them through sweat, exhaled breath, and other means The liver metabolizes, or breaks down, complex molecules into simpler parts and allows them to be carried out of the body as waste. The chemicals found in drugs are more complicated and rare than what the liver is used to processing—the nutrients found in food. As a result, the liver has to repeat its process multiple times before the drug fully leaves the body. As long as any molecules of the drug remain in the bloodstream, they are carried to the body's brain and other organs and act on them.

The distance you should look ahead of your vehicle while driving

look at the place where the vehicle will be 10 to 15 seconds in the future

Tires

made of rubber and rubber-like synthetic materials because they produce a great deal of friction with the road

How to drive downhill

maintain a safe speed by shifting to a lower gear. If driving with an automatic transmission, shift out of the automatic Drive gear to the fixed First or Second gear setting, if available.

Traction Control Systems (TCS)

make sure that individual tires don't lose traction with the road and begin to spin so that drivers can maintain control on different surfaces.

What to do when leaving the parking space

make sure you check behind your vehicle before backing up by looking over your right shoulder, as there may be someone walking behind it.

Reflectors

may also be posted around expressway exits and other divided lanes to help guide drivers in low visibility conditions; especially helpful at night or when it is hard to see the edges of the road.

ignition interlock device (IID)

mechanism installed in a vehicle's ignition system that a driver must breathe into when starting the car and periodically during vehicle operation. This device can measure a driver's blood alcohol content and prevent the engine from running if he or she has a BAC over a certain limit. A driver whose license is suspended for a DWI offense may apply for a special license that will allow them to continue to drive as long as they install and continue to use an ignition interlock device (IID) in their car. The IID must be approved by the state of Texas and remain installed for the entire duration of the suspension period. The driver will generally be required to pay the cost of installing the device.

(Common) Types of alcohol

methanol, isopropyl alcohol, and ethanol

chief mind-affecting chemicals in opium

morphine and codeine

How tobacco enters the body

most commonly smoked, but is also sometimes snorted, in snuff form, or absorbed in the mouth, in chew form

Marijuana

most widely used drug prohibited by the federal government in the United States. It is primarily used for its ability to cause hallucinations, a false sense of well-being, and an altered sense of time and self. It is also used to relieve pain and to increase appetite.

why Driving in an intersection can be dangerous

moving into a gap in traffic and crossing a stream of traffic through a gap are two of the most dangerous maneuvers in everyday driving. You will have to be able to judge the speed and the position of other vehicles and scan the road far ahead of you to select the most safest and efficient path of travel.

Windshield

protects you from wind and debris. Clean regularly, inside and out, to maintain clarity and prevent glare. If the glass develops a crack, replace the windshield immediately.

Marijuana, from the Cannabis plant

prototypical hallucinogen; primarily used for its ability to cause hallucinations, a false sense of well-being, and an altered sense of time and self. It is also used to relieve pain and to increase appetite.

what yellow lights in the instrument panel mean

provide warnings about potentially problematic situations with your car

Sobriety checkpoints

publicized roadblocks dedicated to finding drunk drivers and taking them off the road. Police officers assess the condition of drivers and perform breath tests to determine intoxication. As long as a law enforcement agency operates a sobriety checkpoint according to certain rules, it has the support of the Supreme Court to randomly check drivers for impairment. These rules include that decisions must generally be made by a supervisor rather than by individual police officers, and that the selection of drivers for testing must be random.

Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD)

published by the Federal Highway Administration; where Consistent standards concerning the design, installation, and maintenance of traffic control devices are established

Centripetal force (which means center-seeking force)

pulls an object towards the center of a curve.

What sleep is regulated by

regulated by two body systems: Sleep Homeostasis and Circadian Rhythms.

meth

release dopamine into the brain, causing the user to feel a brief sensation of euphoria. Although amphetamines are believed to increase alertness, they are especially addictive and often cause fatigue, disorientation, agitation, and hyperactive reflexes. These effects make drivers much more likely to be in a crash.

what to do if you can't see past the assured, clear stopping distance ahead of your vehicle

remember that if you can't see past the assured, clear stopping distance ahead of your vehicle, it's neither safe nor legal to continue driving.If visibility is poor enough, pull off the road. Park your vehicle outside of all lanes of traffic, activate your hazard lights, and turn the ignition to OFF. If your taillights remain visible, a confused driver might drive off the road thinking you were in a lane of traffic.

first thing you should do once you've brought your car to a stop

set the parking brake so that you can make sure it is working properly. Set the parking brake while your right foot is still depressing the brake pedal. Once the parking brake is set, begin easing your right foot off of the brake pedal. If your parking brake is functioning properly, your car should remain stationary. Once you have confirmed that your parking brake works, reapply pressure to the brake pedal to finish parking your car.

Uphill curves

require drivers to increase pressure on the accelerator pedal to maintain a constant speed as they proceed through the curve.

what Poor depth perception can result in

result in stopping too soon or too late, turning too sharply or too broadly, driving at an inconsistent speed, and being unable to maintain an appropriate following distance.

Recovery

returning to the proper shape

Shoulder you should drive on should you need to

right shoulder

lethal dosage

the amount that must be consumed to be fatal

Frontage Road Interchange

secondary road that runs parallel to an expressway to allow dense flows of city traffic to mix efficiently with traffic on the expressway. At these interchanges, it's easy for a driver to get back on the expressway, in the same direction or the opposite direction, soon after exiting it.

Compared to prototypical hallucinogens, dissociatives have stronger effects of __________. A. sedation and dulled senses B. delusions and hallucinations C. shaking and loss of appetite

sedation and dulled senses

When to use cruise control

should only be used when you plan on traveling at the same rate for long periods and should not be used in urban areas or on roads with heavy traffic where you might have to slow or stop frequently.

what to do If a pedestrian is walking on your side of a narrow, two-lane road and a truck is approaching from the opposite direction

slow down to let the truck pass and then move to the left to give the pedestrian extra room.

Depressants

slow down your mental processes and physical coordination. This causes you to be far less capable of judging your current situation and responding to it. This loss of ability includes also the ability to understand your own current mental state

When you approach a crossing

slow down, open your windows, and listen for a train, as trains must signal 1500 ft before they arrive at a crossing. Scan the area around the tracks and drive especially cautiously if your line of sight is obstructed.

What to do when you arrive a detour

slow down. Follow the directions and speed limits indicated by the signs. Be alert to changing lane conditions, obstructions, and the traffic around you.

How cocaine enters the body

snorted in the form of a powder, but is also sometimes rubbed on the gums, smoked, or injected

How readily available Schedule V Drugs are

sometimes available without a prescription. They may not be distributed or dispensed for nonmedical purposes.Drugs controlled under this schedule include preparations containing small amounts of opium or codeine, including Robitussin AC.

Signs of fatigue while driving include __________. A. sore eyes and muscles B. lapses in short-term memory C. sore eyes, sore muscles, and lapses in short-term memory

sore eyes, sore muscles, and lapses in short-term memory

Zone 7

space that includes the vehicle itself, as well as the area around the car that is concealed from the drive

High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lane

special lanes designated for the exclusive use of carpools and buses;designed to reduce traffic congestion on expressways. They will generally be indicated with road signs and diamond pavement markings.

ignition interlock device (IID) license

special licenses are available to drivers who receive a license suspension for a DWI offense that allows them to continue to drive as long as they install an ignition interlock device (IID) in their car. The IID must remain installed for the entire duration of the suspension period. An IID will keep the engine from running if it detects that the driver has a BAC over a certain limit.

Amount of feet to stop from a track whenever a train is approaching

stop at least 15 ft from the tracks whenever a train is approaching

When a crosswalk or limit line is not marked

stop at the corner before the curb line. Check for traffic, and wait until it is safe before you proceed across the intersection.

What to do when involved in a collision

stop immediately (Failure to stop is a serious offense. You may be charged with a hit-and-run.) move your vehicle to the side of the road unless it's too damaged to move. Turn off the ignition. Exit your car cautiously to aid anyone injured and identify yourself to all parties involved.If anyone is injured or killed, you must call the police immediately.

signs that are exclusively red and white in color (Regulatory signs)

stop signs, yield signs, do not entersigns, and wrong way signs.

Meth

synthetic drug that is also known as 'speed,' 'ice,' 'crank,' and 'meth' or 'crystal meth.' It is usually smoked or injected, but is also snorted The immediate effects are very similar to those of cocaine. They range from increased activity, talkativeness, and increased heart rate to severely increased body temperature, convulsions, and death.The body has more difficulty removing methamphetamine from the bloodstream than it does cocaine. This allows the drug to stay in the body much longer, continuing to produce its effects.

After driving through dust, sand, or smoke, you should __________. A. take your vehicle to a mechanic B. replace your windshield wipers C. test your brake response

take your vehicle to a mechanic

what to do when you want to slow down or stop the car

tap the brake pedal first reapply the brake pedal smoothly. Keep your foot on the brake pedal as long as you remain stopped to prevent rolling. When slowing down or stopping, don't overuse the brakes. Whenever possible, slow your car by taking your foot off the accelerator.

Glare Resistance

the ability of the pupils to shut out excess light

The more tired you are

the less alert you'll be, the less quickly you'll react, and the less likely you'll be to see potential hazards in time.

Before Rules of the Road by William

the only real traffic law was "Keep to the Right."

Additional Move Over Law

the protections of this law have been extended to other road users as well. The Move Over Law now applies to tow trucks and TxDOT vehicles with flashing lights stopped on the side of the road. You must also move over for a TxDOT work crew stationed on the roadside to perform maintenance. When approaching any road user protected by this law, you must vacate the lane closest to them if there are multiple lanes traveling in the same direction. If there are not multiple lanes in the same direction, slow down to 20 mph below the speed limit (or 5 mph if the speed limit is 25 mph or less).Violators of the Move Over Law can be fined up to $2,000.

what the square of its speed is proportional to

the rate at which an object's kinetic energy increases

Young drivers tend to underestimate __________ . A. their own abilities B. the length of a trip C. the risks of driving

the risks of driving

How to treat a flashing red light

the same way that you would at a stop sign

When Overhead red lights flash on a bus

the school bus is stopped to let school children on or off the bus.

Glare Recovery

the speed with which the pupils return to normal when low-light conditions have been restored

Off (ignition switch)

the steering wheel is unlocked but most electrical systems are still deactivated.

Distance (in time) you should remain between you and the car ahead of you

three seconds Increase your following distance in poor weather, lighting, or roadway conditions.You must maintain a sufficient following distance so that you'll be able to stop in time if the car in front of you has to stop abruptly, or if the car behind you approaches too quickly and you need someplace to go.

Complex Reaction Time

time it takes to choose the best of several potential responses to a situation

Brake lights mounted on the top of the trunk or on the back windshield

to be visible from a greater distance away

Cameras and infrared sensors on the rear of the vehicle

to detect when the driver is approaching an obstacle when backing up

Effects of alcohol on the human body

to dull sensations and to slow down bodily functions, including breathing, heartbeat, and brain activity, until eventually they stop.

Controlled Substances Act

to regulate the manufacture, importation, possession, use, and distribution of drugs. This act created five categories, or schedules, into which controlled substances are divided.These schedules are ranked in order of decreasingly stringent regulation, from the most stringent (Schedule I) to the least stringent (Schedule V). The following slides briefly describe the definitions of each schedule, the regulations each schedule provides, and the substances each schedule contains.

How much traffic collisions cost Texas

traffic collisions cost Texas almost $5 billion a year (in terms of medical costs and lost productivity)—over $300 per licensed driver.

Complex Risk Environment

traffic flow and volume can be heavy and unpredictable, your path of travel and line of sight are likely to be obstructed, right-of-way can be difficult to determine, and distractions are numerous

controlled intersections

traffic flow is managed by posted traffic control devices such as stop signs, yield signs, and traffic lights. These devices identify which drivers at an intersection should yield the right-of-way.

Tranquilizers, also called antianxiety agents

treat both the psychological and the physiological symptoms of anxiety, among other things. They are used to treat depression, anxiety, insomnia, seizures, and muscle spasms.Many tranquilizers are highly addictive. Harmful effects of tranquilizers include slowed breathing, reduced heart rate, and coma. Personality changes, such as increased aggression and irritability, are possible.Because of their high potential for abuse, most tranquilizers are available only by prescription. All tranquilizers have a serious potential for addiction and withdrawal. They can be fatal with overdose or in combination with other drugs.

Yield sign (shape; Regulatory signs)

triangles colored red and white, pointing downward. This shape and design are used exclusively for yield signs.

Fore Area

triangular area between the acceleration lane and the roadway delineated by solid white lines; Never drive in a gore area.

what to do if you hit a parked vehicle or another form of property

try to find the owner. If you can't find the owner, leave a note with your name, address, phone number, and the circumstances of the collision under the windshield.

What to do after parking uphill on a road with a curb

turn the front wheels away from the curb and let your vehicle roll backwards slowly until the rear part of the front wheel rests against the curb. This will block the car from rolling any farther.

what to do after parking downhill on a road with a curb

turn the front wheels towards the curb and let your vehicle roll forward slowly until the front wheel rests against the curb. This will block the car from rolling any farther.

How to activate headlights

turning the knob on the multifunction lever, and switch between low- and high-beams by pushing the lever towards you or away from you.

How many people will be involved in alcohol-related traffic collisions in their lifetimes

two out of every three people will be involved in an alcohol-related traffic collision in their lifetimes

What the term alcohol is used to refer

typically used to refer to beverages containing ethanol

License plate

unique number displayed on your license plates identifies your vehicle and helps law enforcement agents confirm its registration status. Make sure your license plates are not obscured.

What ethanol is used as

used as a disinfectant, a solvent, a fuel for motor vehicles, and an ingredient in the production of other chemicals. It is toxic to humans, and lethal in high doses. Just like isopropyl alcohol, a single 12-ounce can of pure ethanol—equivalent to 20 cans of beer—contains more than enough to kill an adult. When combined with other drugs, ethanol can be lethal even in low doses.

Weave Lanes

used by both entering and exiting traffic. In places where a weave lane is used, drivers enter and exit the expressway at the same location. Because multiple lanes of traffic must interact with each other on weave lanes, the potential for conflict is high. When entering an expressway on a weave lane, yield to drivers using the same weave lane to exit.

Barbiturates (such as Seconal and Nembutal) (Tranquilizers)

used for sedation and anesthesia.Seconal and Nembutal in particular are sometimes used recreationally. Some barbiturates—including Nembutal—are also used for physician-assisted suicide and for execution by lethal injection.

Standard Reference Points

used in typical driving situations to determine vehicle placement on a roadway

How heroin is used outside of us

used medically as a pain reliever outside the U.S., but has no medical use in this countr

what color brown is used to mark

used on road signs that indicate that the driver is approaching recreational facilities such as a campsite or swimming pool

Heroin, hydrocodone, and methadone

used primarily for pain relief and anesthesia. They are highly effective, but that effectiveness comes with increased risks of addiction and overdose. Other effects include itching, nausea, slowed breathing, depression, and constipation.

Ramp meters

used to control traffic flow by providing a gap between vehicles entering the expressway. Ramp meters usually have only two signals, red and green. Typically, only one car can enter on a green light, although a different limit, such as two cars per green light, may be posted. When you approach a ramp meter, come to a full stop and wait for the light to turn green. Never try to rush through a ramp meter.

narcotics (in medical terminology)

used to identify drugs that dull the senses and make the user sleepy. These drugs are generally highly addictive. Opium, morphine, codeine, and heroin (a synthetic drug made by altering the chemicals in opium) are the most commonly used

Parking signs with green text

used to indicate parking zones where parking is restricted to a certain amount of time (e.g. two hours) during certain hours or days or at all times; used to indicate parking spots that may only be used by a specific kind of road user, such as a handicapped driver

One Way signs (Regulatory signs)

used to indicate streets where the flow of traffic moves only in one direction; posted on a roadway wherever it intersects with a one-way street to prevent traffic from turning the wrong way.

Yield signs (Regulatory signs)

used to indicate that drivers must slow down as they pass an intersection or junction, and must stop to yield the right-of-way if there is cross traffic using the road. Only proceed through a yield sign when it is safe.

what brown trapezoids with white text is used to mark

used to mark forest route

Benzodiazepines

used to treat anxiety, panic disorders, and muscle spasms. Adverse effects include aggression and slowed breathing. Overdose risk greatly increases when taken with other depressants.Typically available by prescription, these drugs are particularly susceptible to abuse. They are typically prescribed to treat psychological and emotional symptoms such as anxiety and insomnia, as well as physical conditions including alcohol withdrawal and seizures.

Some antidepressants (such as Prozac and Zoloft) (Tranquilizers)

used to treat depression, anxiety, and some personality disorders.While they can be very helpful in certain circumstances, these antidepressants can also cause sexual dysfunction and further depression, and may increase suicidal tendencies. They also alter the body's metabolism of some other drugs, causing them to have stronger or weaker effects.

Windshield wiper lever

usually found on the right of the steering column. Turn the end of the lever to set the speed of your wipers. You can also spray washer fluid to clean the windshield with this lever.

Standing

when the driver idles in one place with the engine running while he or she remains behind the wheel.

Parking

when the driver shuts off the car's engine with the ignition switch and exits the car.

Texas's Implied Consent law

when you operate a motor vehicle within the state you are deemed to have automatically given your consent to submit to a chemical test for alcohol or drugs. If a police officer stops you and requests that you submit to a chemical test, you must comply with this request. For an officer to stop you, he or she must have reasonable grounds to believe that you are intoxicated by alcohol or a drug while operating the motor vehicle. If your driving is erratic for any reason, you may be stopped by an officer and asked to submit to a chemical test.

When to use the three point turn (y-turn)

you should only use this maneuver on residential or rural roads where traffic is light, no driveways are available, and there is not enough room for you to perform a U-turn.

what to do When you see a steady yellow "X" over the lane you are driving in

you should prepare to leave the lane.

what to do If you are unable to stop before hitting the animal

you should release your brakes before impact. This will cause the front of your car to rise, decreasing the chances that the animal will collapse onto your hood and enter your car through the windshield. When responding to an animal in the roadway, remember that human life always comes first. Pay attention to other drivers on the road and do not react in a way that would increase risk to them or yourself. If a small animal darts into your path, don't endanger another person trying to avoid it.

As you near an intersection

you should slow down and be prepared to stop; Ease off the accelerator pedal as you prepare to enter the intersection. Yield to anyone who is already in the intersection or who is close enough to be an immediate hazard.

what happens If convicted of manslaughter or homicide in a DWI/DUI case

you will be fined up to $10,000 and imprisoned for up to 15 years. If you also leave the scene of the crime, you may be imprisoned for up to 30 years. If you were convicted and sent to prison at age 18, you would remain in jail until age 48.

If you are convicted of subsequent offenses

you will face additional penalties including up to 40 hours of community service, a fine of up to $2,000, a lengthier license suspension, and even possible jail time.

what you must do while backing up

you will need to steer with your left hand while you look over your right shoulder with your right hand on the passenger headrest. Be sure you have complete control of the wheel with your left hand. Turn it gently, as it takes smaller inputs to direct a car moving in reverse.

balanced positions

your right hand should be at 3:00 and your left hand at 9:00, or your right hand should be at 4:00 and your left hand at 8:00.

Why stopping using the parking brake is longer

your stopping distance will be longer because the parking brake works only on the back wheels.

Sometimes, two cars will approach the same intersection from opposite directions, but one of them will want to turn left. This would prohibit the other car from continuing through the intersection if they both attempted to proceed at the same time. What should the car turning left do?

A driver turning left at an intersection (or into an alley, private road, or driveway) must yield to allow any traffic moving straight ahead to proceed before beginning the turn.

(If you fail to show proof of financial responsibility when requested by a law enforcement officer, you will receive a citation. After more than one offense, your driving privilege will be suspended.) You must present evidence of financial responsibility when:

Applying for a drivers license Registering a motor vehicle Having a vehicle inspected Requested by a law enforcement officer or by a person with whom you've been involved in a collision

Estimating how long it takes to cross

Before you enter an intersection, estimate how long it will take you to drive across it or complete a turn. From a stopped position, it usually takes about four seconds to cross a street that's 24 to 30 ft wide. You will need at least a five- to six-second gap (about half a block) in both directions in order to cross safely.

What You Should Be Able To Do As A Novice Driver

Demonstrate a working knowledge of how to operate a car Use visual search skills to evaluate driving environments and decide how best to respond Demonstrate the ability to adjust your road position and manage space around the vehicle Interact with other road users in a positive manner Properly use all available occupant protection systems Understand how certain physical and psychological conditions can affect you as a driver Practice under the supervision of a licensed parent, guardian, or mentor to improve your driving skills

When you apply for an instruction permit, you will have to:

Fill out an application with your name, address, county of residence, and U.S. citizenship status, as well as a brief history of your physical condition and your past driving experience and record Present proof of your Social Security number, such as a Social Security card Present two acceptable documents or a Texas Residency Affidavit establishing that you are a resident of the state

Why a driver should never hold a child in lap

In a crash, the child may be crushed between your body and the dashboard.

Rules on Provisional License

Only drive with one passenger under 21 years old who is not a family member at all times Not drive between midnight and 5 a.m. unless he or she must drive to attend employment or a school-related activity or to deal with a medical emergency

Applicants for an instruction permit under the age of 18 must meet one of the following requirements: (A driver must be at least 15 years old and enrolled in an authorized drivers education program to qualify for an instruction permit.)

Possess a high school diploma or the equivalent Be enrolled in a public or private school for at least 80 days of the fall or spring semester prior to applying Be enrolled in a program to prepare for the equivalency exam for at least 45 days before applying

To apply for a provisional Class C drivers license at the drivers license office

Present a Texas Driver Education Certificate (Form DE 964) stating that you have completed both the classroom and in-car phases of the Texas Driver and Traffic Safety Education Course Present a Certificate of Completion from the ITTD course Present a VOE form, proving your enrollment in or completion of high school or an equivalency program Show evidence of financial responsibility in accordance with the Texas Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act Provide thumbprints (if they were not taken when you applied for your instruction permit) Complete the driving skills test Pay the required fees

Instruction Permit Requirements

Present current identification Provide the VOE form issued by your school and proof of your enrollment in an authorized drivers education course Provide a physical description of yourself Provide your thumbprints Pass written examinations on road signs and the rules of the road with a score of at least 70% (if you have not already passed the DPS test through this course) Pass a vision test (you may be required to wear corrective lenses while driving if you need them to see the road clearly) Pay the required fee

you may drive on a paved shoulder to the left of the roadway if you must do so and can do so safely in order to:

Slow or stop a disabled vehicle when traffic or other circumstances prohibit you from moving to the right shoulder safely Avoid a collision Make room for an emergency vehicle, police patrol car, or bicycle Obey a traffic control device

What drivers are supposed to do when stopped by police

Stop when signaled to do so Sign any citation to appear in court the officer issues Assist at the scene of a collision upon request Accompany the officer to the station upon request Submit to a blood or breath test when asked

you may drive on a paved shoulder to the right of the roadway if you must do so and can do so safely in order to:

Stop, stand, or park Accelerate to enter the flow of traffic Decelerate before making a turn Pass another vehicle that is slowing, stopped, disabled, or preparing to turn left Allow another vehicle or vehicles to pass Avoid a collision Make room for an emergency vehicle, police patrol car, or bicycle Obey a traffic control device

True or False: You must drive at a speed that is appropriate for the speed and volume of traffic, the width and surface condition of the highway, weather conditions, and any other actual or potential hazards on the road. You must be able to stop within the clear space ahead of your car.

True (You must drive at a speed that is appropriate for the speed and volume of traffic, the width and surface condition of the highway, weather conditions, and any other actual or potential hazards on the road. You must be able to stop within the clear space ahead of your car.)

True or False: While the Basic Speed Rule states that you always must drive at a reasonable and prudent speed, your speed should never exceed the posted speed limit or the prima facie speed limit. Prima facie speed limits are in effect whenever there is no other speed posted.

True (While the Basic Speed Rule states that you always must drive at a reasonable and prudent speed, your speed should never exceed the posted speed limit or the prima facie speed limit. Prima facie speed limits are in effect whenever there is no other speed posted.)

What happens at a stop sign even if you have been waiting behind a car

You stop

When driver's license stop being provisional

Your drivers license will remain provisional until you turn 18. Your eligibility for full driving privileges may be delayed if you violate any of the provisional license requirements. Your provisional license will expire on your 18th birthday. At this time, you can apply for a unrestricted drivers license.

Where right-of-way applies

at intersections, when merging, when dealing with certain other road users, and at railroad crossings

What to do as you approach an intersection

begin to evaluate the situation and make any adjustments that are required to complete your desired maneuvers safely. Look out for: The presence of traffic control devices guiding traffic The condition of the road ahead of you Obstructions to your line-of-sight that may conceal potential hazards The areas to your left and right—are they open and clear? Other traffic to your front and rear

Uniform Traffic Control Devices Act

defines standard shapes, colors and locations for road signs, traffic signals, and road markings

In order to apply for instruction permit

drivers under 18 must be enrolled in an approved drivers education program privately or through their school. A student may not begin to practice behind-the-wheel lessons until he or she has obtained the instruction permit.

When you make the decision to begin slowing down or stopping

either tap your brakes to flash your brake lights, show a hand signal, or use your turn signals to inform the driver behind that you are slowing down.

National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act

regulates vehicle manufacturers, establishing national safety standards and issuing recalls for defective vehicles

suspension

temporary withdrawal of a drivers license or the driving privilege for a specified period of time.

revocation

termination of a drivers license or the driving privilege for an indefinite period of time. The driving privilege can only be restored when all requirements associated with the revocation have been satisfied.

Zero Tolerance (when applying for instruction permit)

that explains the Zero Tolerance Law concerning alcohol use; parent will have to sign too

If both cars arrived at the intersection at the same time

the car on the left must yield to the car on the right

If two cars both wish to enter the same intersection and neither of them is directed by a traffic control device such as a stop sign or yield sign,

the car that arrived later must yield to the car that arrived first

To take in-car driving skills test to obtain Provisional Class C license

to take the skills test, you must provide proof of liability insurance and your vehicle must have a valid inspection certificate.When you go to take the test, you must also bring the Certificate of Completion from your ITTD course. The DPS requires that you complete the ITTD course no more than three (3) months prior to taking the driving test.

How long instruction permits are valid

valid from the date of issue until one year after your next birthday

cancellation

withdrawal of a license or the driving privilege until the driver can requalify.

denial

withholding of a license or the driving privilege because the person is ineligible. The individual must meet the eligibility requirements before he or she can acquire a license.

What it means if you are at the center lane

you plan to proceed straight ahead.

When you're driving on a road with two or more lanes of traffic moving in each direction

you should never drive to the left of the center line (into the side of the road with traffic moving in the opposite direction) Exceptions: A traffic control device designates that you can use a specified lane to the left of the center line, such as a left turn lane You need to avoid an obstruction and can only do it by moving left after yielding to any vehicle in the lane that presents an immediate hazard You are turning left into or out of an alley, private road, or driveway

When approaching a yellow traffic signal

you should stop

If you are planning to turn into a driveway that is located immediately after the intersection,

you should wait until you enter the intersection to start signaling so other traffic doesn't assume you're planning to turn at the intersection.

If you do not pass the first time

you will be allowed to take each exam up to two more times before you must reapply and repay the application fees. However, you must successfully complete all tests within 90 days of your original application to avoid reapplying.

If you are caught driving as an unlicensed driver

you will be fined up to $200. You may face additional fines and jail time for multiple offenses within a year.

If you cause a collision while driving without a license or insurance

you will be fined up to $4,000 and face up to a year in jail.

If you are caught driving while your license is suspended, revoked, or cancelled,

you will be fined up to $500 for a first offense. If you do so while suspended for a previous offense, while driving without insurance, or while driving intoxicated, you will be fined up to $2,000 and face up to 6 months in jail. (The length of your suspension will be extended if you drive while your license is suspended. If you are caught driving without a license during the GDL period, you will have to wait longer to obtain your license.)