Unit 1

Which statement about an archaeologist is true? a) It is a historian who reads old documents to learn how people used to write. b) It is a miner who digs below the earth's surface to uncover gold from ancient cultures. c) It is a scientist who studies maps to learn what continents explorers reached in the past. d) It is a scientist who studies materials from the past to learn about ancient peoples.

d) It is a scientist who studies materials from the past to learn about ancient peoples.

Why did people migrate from Asia to the Americas? a) They lost a war and were forced to leave. b) Glaciers pushed them out of their homeland. c) They were bored and wanted to see new lands. d) They followed animals and found a good place to live.

d) They followed animals and found a good place to live.

How did the first Americans get to North America? correct answer: They walked over a land bridge from Asia.. a) They walked over a land bridge from South America. b) They rowed across in canoes from Africa. c) They sailed in ships from Europe. d) They walked over a land bridge from Asia.

d) They walked over a land bridge from Asia.

What are the Mound Builders known for? a) farming the desert b) hunting whales c) depending on the buffalo d) building large cities

d) building large cities

Which phrase describes the work of an archaeologist? a) studies ancient languages b) studies people's traditions and customs c) studies legal documents d) studies man-made materials from the past

d) studies man-made materials from the past

Why did early people in Asia migrate to the Americas? a) to find fertile farmland b) to escape cold temperatures c) to search for fresh water d) to hunt migrating animal herds

d) to hunt migrating animal herds

What does the word Eskimo mean?

eater of raw fish

What does the word Inuit mean?

the people

Words that describe the Inuit

tundra, igloo

Words that describe northwest coast

valued wealth and property, very tall fir trees, large wooden canoes

What is an igloo?

An igloo is a domed house built by the Inuit of central Canada. It is made of snow bricks with ice windows.

Words that describe the Anasazi

Cliff dwelling, desert, adobe, farmers

Which kind of region is based upon people's shared language, customs, and art?

Cultural region

Which kind of region is based on the kinds of work people do?

Economic region

Inuit

Eskimos. a term meaning "the people," used by the people who live in the far north of North America to describe themselves

T/F The Mound Builders lived in clean, well-organized villages of about 500.

False Most Mound Builders lived in cities. Cahokia covered six square miles. It had a population of about 25,000.

T/F The Mound Builders did not do a lot of trading. When they did trade, it was only with nearby tribes.

False The Mound Builders were great traders. It's believed that they traded across long distances with faraway tribes.

If traveling directly from Missouri (MO) to Oregon (OR), which major regions would a traveler go through?

Midwest and west

Which group of people believe they are descendants of the Anasazi?

Pueblo

Which Native American group is most likely to have a way of life similar to that of the Mandans?

Sioux

In which cultural region would the Cherokee be found?

Southeast

Which part of the country is wet and has mild winters and hot summers? Southeast Northeast Southwest Midwest

Southeast

Where did the Anasazi live

Southwest - current New Mexico, Arizona

Define the word kiva.

The Anasazi built shelters on ledges in the sides of cliffs. These homes were connected like one big apartment. They included round rooms called kivas that were dug into the ground. The men gathered in these rooms to make laws, discuss problems, and hold religious ceremonies.

Name two kinds of food the Anasazi grew. Why was farming difficult for them?

The Anasazi grew corn, squash, and beans. Farming was difficult for them because they lived in a desert region with poor soil and little water for crops.

What were Anasazi customs like? What did they believe?

The Anasazi were religious people. The priest was the most important member of the community. A council of men met in kivas to run daily affairs. The Anasazi held a harvest dance to thank the gods for the harvest and hunt. They had wedding rituals. They were musical. They played ball games.

The Tiwa, Hopi, and Zuni Indians of the Southwest are some of the Pueblo peoples. What is their relationship to the Anasazi?

The Pueblo peoples believe they are descended from the Anasazi.

T/F The Mound Builders were ruled by a single powerful ruler.

True

True or False. People left Asia to migrate to America during the Ice Age because they followed the animals. The animals and the people were looking for more food.

True

Many Inuit live on land that has no trees. The subsoil stays frozen all year round. What is the geographical term for this "frozen desert"?

Tundra is the term for a treeless plain found in arctic and subarctic regions. The vegetation you find on the tundra includes moss, lichen, herbs, and dwarf shrubs.

Which word best describes the summers on the coast of northern California and Oregon? Wet or Dry?

Wet

If you were offered something to eat, what might it be?

You might be offered raw meat. It's too cold to grow vegetables, so the Inuit get most of their vitamins and minerals from raw animal organs.

If you traveled to the far north, would you be welcomed by the Inuit?

You would be welcomed. The Inuit are known for their good nature and hospitality.

igloo

a domed house made of snow bricks with ice windows

potlatch

a party with much feasting that has been planned for years, and ends with the host giving away this finest possessions

Anasazi

a term meaning "ancient enemies," used by Navaho Indians to describe another tribe of Native Americans who lived in the American Southwest

How did the Mound Builders use the mounds that they built? a) as a place of burial for their dead b) as a platform for temples c) as a place to observe the stars d) as religious symbols e) as military posts

a) as a place of burial for their dead, b) as a platform for temples, d) as religious symbols

Which reason is the best use for a city map? a) to locate a friend's house from her street address b) to measure how far the city is from the nearest ocean c) to see the city as it looks from outer space d) to determine the city's location with the United States

a) to locate a friend's house from her street address

Who were the Anasazi?

an ancient Indian culture. They lived in the American Southwest. They were farmers. They built apartment-like buildings on ledges in the sides of cliffs.

totem pole

animal and human figures carved from fir trees and painted; a symbol of a Northwest Indian family's power and rank

Which factor had the greatest influence on the way different Native American culture groups developed? a) the beliefs of the group about the ways plants and animals should be used b) the geography and climate of the area where they settled c) the time period in which they settled in North America d) the kind of writing and language they used

b) the geography and climate of the area where they settled

Which purpose did the Iroquois League serve? a) to elect leaders for the nations of the Great Plains b) to bring independent nations together for mutual defense and common concerns c) to break down trade barriers among Indian nations d) to protect Indian nations from attack by Europeans

b) to bring independent nations together for mutual defense and common concerns

Which practices are characteristic of the Northwest Indian cultures? Select the two correct answers. a) buffalo hunting b) totem poles c) potlatches d) wigwams

b) totem poles, c) potlatches

The Inuit use smokeless oil lamps to provide light and heat and to cook with. This oil comes from melted ____________.

blubber

Which Native American group lived in wigwams and longhouses? a) Cliff Dwellers b) Mound Builders c) Eastern Woodland d) Plains

c) Eastern Woodland

Which practice did Native American groups have in common? a) shelters made of wood b) a nomadic way of life c) dependence on nature d) the same religion

c) dependence on nature

Which term best describes the vegetation in North Dakota (ND)? a) desert b) broadleaf forest c) grassland d) tundra

c) grassland

Which description of early Native Americans is most accurate? a) one shared language, tribal organization, and culture b) many languages, but only one way of life and tribal organization c) hundreds of Indian peoples, tribes, languages, and ways of life d) fewer than fifteen languages, Indian peoples and cultures

c) hundreds of Indian peoples, tribes, languages, and ways of life

What were the Plains Indians known for? a) living in longhouses and wigwams b) hunting whales c) living as nomads, hunting buffalo d) farming the desert

c) living as nomads, hunting buffalo

Which Native American group farmed the desert and are thought to be the ancestors of modern Pueblo peoples? a) Eastern Woodland b) Northwest c) Plains d) Anasazi

d) Anasazi

What is a pueblo, and what does it have to do with the Anasazi?

A pueblo is a village made from adobe. Pueblos are similar to Anasazi buildings.

Where do the Inuit live?

Alaska, Canada, and Greenland