unit 1 exam

Know the different fractures

-Comminuted fracture- when bone breaks into three or more pieces -Spiral fracture-when a long bone is broken by a twisting force -Greenstick-when a bone bends and cracks instead of breaking completely -Segmental-composed of at least two fracture lines that together isolate a segment of bone -Transverse-when a bone breaks at a 90 degree angle to the long axis of the bone -Single displaced-when bone is broken in one place into two pieces

Know the -tineas

-Tinea pedis: athletes foot -Tinea capitis: scalp ringworm -Tinea cruris: rash in the groin -Tinea corporis: body ringworm -Tinea unguium: nail infection (onychomycosis)

Classic sign of diabetes type 1

-polyuria (dramatic increase in urinary output, probably with enuresis) -polydipsia (increased thirst), -polyphagia (increased hunger and food consumption).

The pediatric unit has multiple clients experiencing upper respiratory system complications. Which pediatric client is at the highest risk for respiratory distress?

2-year-old child with epiglottitis

Which action should the nurse take first to effectively care for a dying child?

Evaluate personal views of death and dying

A nurse is talking with the parents of a child who has had a febrile seizure. The nurse would integrate an understanding of what information into the discussion?

Febrile seizures are benign in nature

The nurse is preparing a room for a child being admitted with meningitis. What is the appropriate action by the nurse?

Gather appropriate equipment and signage for respiratory isolation precautions

When caring for an adolescent with a disability, it is best for the nurse to promote which of the following?

Have the child socialize with peers with and without disabilities.

A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child with a chronic disease. Which of the following actions by the nurse will encourage therapeutic communication with the child's caregivers?

Listening to the family express positive and negative feelings during the journey of the illness

A nursing student studying the different types of abuse in families correctly identifies which of the following as true regarding child abuse (child maltreatment)?

Low-income families show greater evidence of violence, neglect, and sexual abuse.

The nurse is assessing the parental reaction to a child's newly diagnosed chronic condition. Which parental statement suggests that the parent is in denial?

My child does not have to adjust to the condition, it will adjust to him

A 5-year-old child is diagnosed with acute otitis media. Which nursing intervention would be priority?

Relieving the child's pain

The nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant diagnosed with otitis media. Which clinical manifestation would likely have been noted in this child?

Shaking the head and pulling the ear

The intravenous infusion line infiltrates on a child who is terminally ill, and the child's mother tells the nurse that the nursing care in this hospital is the worst she has ever seen. What is the nurse's best response to her?

You seem angrier today than before. Is something going on?

When planning for the care of the hospitalized child with a long-term illness, the best pattern to use for staffing of nurses would be:

primary or case-management nursing

A graduate nurse is co-assigned with an experienced registered nurse (RN) to provide care for a pediatric client who is dying. The RN feels confident with the care being given when the graduate nurse demonstrates which ability?

recognizes client and family needs and fears

Which adolescent behavior is most common if the parents have substance use problems?

taking on adult responsibilities

The nurse is caring for a 6-month-old girl recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. The nurse notices that the parents treat the baby as if she is a piece of fragile crystal, and rarely engage her with toys or games such as patty-cake. How should the nurse respond?

Let's see how she likes this special rattle.

The nurse has been caring for a family with two boys, ages 6 and 9. The 9-year-old boy has Down syndrome. During a routine wellness examination, the 6-year-old child tells the nurse that he is smarter than his big brother because he can read. How should the nurse respond?

Let's talk about your big brother and his feelings."

The nurse is preparing to perform a physical examination of a child with asthma. Which technique would the nurse be least likely to perform?

Palpation

A pregnant woman comes to the clinic with a head injury. She tells the nurse that her partner came home drunk and she made him angry by not having dinner ready. He lashed out, she got in the way, and her head hit the corner on the table. What action should the nurse take in this situation?

Provide the client with contact information for a 24-hour shelter and social worker on discharge.

A group of students are reviewing the various causes of bacterial conjunctivitis in children. The students demonstrate understanding of this condition when they identify what as the most common cause?

Staphylococcus aureus

The nurse is caring for a preschool-age child who is aware of impending death. Based on the child's development, the nurse would incorporate an understanding of which concept into the child's plan of care?

The child has an underlying fear of being separated from parents

The nurse is coordinating a camp for children with chronic conditions. The goals of the camp include providing a support group for the children and RESPITE time for the caregivers. Which activity is encouraged for the caregivers

a caregiver-selected activity or rest

A client at 36 weeks' gestation presents in the emergency department with a broken arm. The client states, "I fell while cooking dinner." During the assessment, the nurse notes no prenatal care for this pregnancy, as well as bruises in multiple stages of healing on the client's abdomen, arms, and chest. What action will the nurse perform next?

Ask the client how she acquired the bruises

Know about Bone cancer

Osteosarcoma most often occurs in the long bones that make up the arms and legs

Which nursing diagnosis would best apply to a child with allergic rhinitis?

Pain related to sinus edema and headache

The nurse is teaching parents about talking with children about death. Which principle should the nurse include in the teaching?

Talk about death when the child wants to talk about death.

It is generally well accepted that children who are physically challenged or intellectually disabled do best in which school setting?

an integrated school with children who are not disabled

The nurse is caring for a child with suspected increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which assessment finding would indicate increased ICP?

hypertension

What finding is consistent with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in an infant?

Bulging fontanels (fontanelles)

A 12-year-old sibling of a child with Down syndrome is overheard telling a friend from school on the telephone, "I don't have any brothers or sisters. I am an only child." What does this child feel about the sibling with Down syndrome?

By having a sibling with Down syndrome, a stigma is attached to him or her

A 5-year-old child has frequent visits to the school nurse's office. Which assessment data should alert the nurse that this child may be a victim of physical neglect?

malnourished with frequent absences from school

A nurse understands that it is important to help a family adjust to a child's chronic health condition. This is best done by doing which of the following?

making adjustments in care by doing ongoing interviews

A nurse is teaching the parents of a child diagnosed with cystic fibrosis about medication therapy. Which would the nurse instruct the parents to administer orally?

Pancreatic enzymes

A 15-year-old girl has had type I diabetes since she was 2 years old. She recently began dialysis and is also struggling with exhaustion. She has been hospitalized with an infection and confides to the nurse that she feels hopelessness due to her failing health. Which response by the nurse would be most effective?

What do you think would help you feel better or improve your situation?

The nurse has been caring for a 12-year-old girl who was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes one year earlier. The girl has managed the medical component of her condition fairly well but her mother says she is suffering emotionally. The girl says she "wishes she could have her old life back and be a healthy person again." Which of the following should the nurse do first?

Identify the actual, perceived, or potential loss

An 8-month-old boy is diagnosed as having cerebral palsy. During physical assessment, the nurse notes which abnormal finding that is common in this disease process?

He has a strong Moro reflex when startled.

A 5-year-old girl with sickle-cell disease has had a temper tantrum in the office waiting room, and the mother has dealt with it inadequately. How should the nurse address the parent's apparent lack of discipline when the pair is in the examination room?

How did feel about your daughter's behavior in the waiting room?

Which statement made by the mother of an infant who is born with severe intellectual disability indicates an appropriate understanding of her infant's long-term needs?

I understand my child will grow up but needs to develop as much independence as possible.

The nurse is caring for a child with hearing loss due to damage from chronic inner ear infections. The nurse knows that the child most likely has which type of hearing loss?

conductive

The nurse is caring for a 12-month-old infant diagnosed with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. Which clinical manifestation would likely have been noted in this child?

high-pitched cry and nuchal rigidity

A 4-month-old comes to the emergency department. Parents state that they left their child in the care of a babysitter and, when they got home, the child was difficult to arouse, vomited once, and had what appeared to be a seizure. They said the babysitter left quickly after telling them that the baby was fine but acting "funny." After reviewing the information from the parents, what might the nurse suspect occurred with this child?

abusive head trauma (shaken baby syndrome)